Effect of mineral-enriched diet and medicinal herbs on Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu uptake in chicken

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The goal of our study was to evaluate the effects of different medicinal herbs rich in polyphenol (Lemon balm, Sage, St. John's wort and Small-flowered Willowherb) used as dietary supplements on bioaccumulation of some essential metals (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) in different chicken meats (liver, legs and breast).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In different type of chicken meats (liver, legs and breast) from chickens fed with diets enriched in minerals and medicinal herbs, beneficial metals (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) were analysed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Fe is the predominant metal in liver and Zn is the predominant metal in legs and breast chicken meats. The addition of metal salts in the feed influences the accumulations of all metals in the liver, legs and breast chicken meat with specific difference to the type of metal and meat. The greatest influences were observed in legs meat for Fe and Mn. Under the influence of polyphenol-rich medicinal herbs, accumulation of metals in the liver, legs and breast chicken meat presents specific differences for each medicinal herb, to the control group that received a diet supplemented with metal salts only. Great influence on all metal accumulation factors was observed in diet enriched with sage, which had significantly positive effect for all type of chicken meats.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Under the influence of medicinal herbs rich in different type of polyphenol, accumulation of metals in the liver, legs and breast chicken meat presents significant differences from the group that received a diet supplemented only with metal salts. Each medicinal herb from diet had a specific influence on the accumulation of metals and generally moderate or poor correlations were observed between total phenols and accumulation of metals. This may be due to antagonism between metal ions and presence of other chelating agents (amino acids and protein) from feeding diets which can act as competitor for complexation of metals and influence accumulation of metals in chicken meat.</p> <p><b>Graphical abstract</b></p

Sorption of Cd2+ Ions From Aqueous Solutions on Organic Wastes / Sorpcja Jonów Cd2+ Z Roztworów Wodnych Na Odpadach Organicznych

This article presents the results of research on the Cd2+ ions sorption from model aqueous solutions on sunflower hulls, walnut shells and plum stones. The effect of various factors, such as mass of the natural sorbent, the pH, the time and the temperature was studied. The process of Cd2+ ions sorption on studied sorbents was described by the Langmuir model. The best sorption capacity has been achieved for sunflower hulls. The maximum sorption capacity for this material was 19.93 mg/g.W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań, które dotyczyły usuwania jonów Cd2+ z modelowych roztworów wodnych za pomocą odpadów organicznych, takich jak: łuski słonecznika, łupiny orzecha włoskiego i pestki śliwek. Wykazano, iż badane materiały mogą być skutecznie wykorzystywane do usuwania jonów Cd2+ z modelowych roztworów wodnych w układach jednoskładnikowych. Dla badanego zakresu stężeń i przyjętych warunków procesu sorpcji w układach jednoskładnikowych, największą wydajność sorpcji jonów Cd2+, osiągnięto dla łuszczyn słonecznika. Wyniosła ona 81,75-93,02%. Dla pozostałych materiałów sorpcja jest nieco niższa, ale również zadowalająca. W pracy podano interpretację otrzymanych wyników w oparciu o jeden z najpopularniejszych modeli izoterm adsorpcji − Langmuira, który potwierdził, iż najlepszym sorbentem jonów Cd2+, spośród badanych, są łuszczyny słonecznika. Materiał ten cechuje się największą wartością parametrów qmax i b izotermy Langmuira. W tym przypadku stała qmax, wyrażająca pojemność monowarstwy, przyjęła wartość 19,93 mg/g, a parametr b, określający powinowactwo do usuwanych jonów wynosi 0,2264 dm3/mg (Rys. 5, Tab. 1). Udowodniono również, że proces sorpcji jonów Cd2+ na badanych sorbentach organicznych zależy od masy sorbentu. Dla wszystkich materiałów stopień usunięcia jonów Cd2+ z roztworów wodnych rośnie ze wzrostem masy sorbentu, aż do uzyskania maksimum przy naważce 0,5 g (Rys. 1). Otrzymane wyniki potwierdzają ścisłą zależność między wartością pH oczyszczanych roztworów, a skutecznością usuwania jonów Cd2+ na badanych sorbentach. We wszystkich przypadkach maksimum sorpcji osiągnięto przy pH równym 4,0. Wydajność procesu sorpcji w roztworach o pH poniżej i powyżej 4,0 jest niższa (Rys. 2). Badania kinetyki sorpcji wskazują, iż równowaga badanych procesów ustala się po 60 minutach (Rys. 3). Wykazano również, że dla wszystkich badanych materiałów, wraz ze wzrostem temperatury w zakresie od 293 K do 313 K następuje obniżenie ich zdolności sorpcyjnych (Rys. 4)

Multi-element determination in some foods and beverages using silica gel modified with 1-phenylthiosemicarbazide

1-Phenylthiosemicarbazide bonded modified silica gel (PTC-SG) was synthesised and characterised by FTIR, SEM and elemental analysis for a novel separation/preconcentration of multiple elements based on solid phase extraction. The analytical parameters including pH of solutions, amounts of PTC-SG, flow rates of sample, eluent type and sample volume were optimised. The adsorption capacities of PTC-SG were found to be 7.9, 6.4, 6.3, 8.3, 7.2, 8.9 and 6.6 mg/g for Cu(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), Co(II), Cr(III), Ni(II) and Mn(II), respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) was calculated as 3x the standard deviation(s) of the reagent blank (k = 3, N = 21) and the LOD values were obtained to be 0.98 mu g L-1 (Cu), 0.65 mu g L-1 (Cd), 0.57 mu g L-1 (Pb), 1.12 mu g L-1 (Co), 1.82 mu L-1 (Cr), 1.67 mu g L-1 (Ni) and 0.55 mu g L-1 (Mn). Certified reference materials were used to test the validation of the present method. The new solid phase extraction method was successfully applied to determination of the amount of multiple elements in food and beverage samples

Coprecipitation of trace elements with Ni2+/2-Nitroso-1-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid and their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry

Ni2+/2-Nitroso-1-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid precipitate was used for the coprecipitation of Co, Pb, Cu, Fe and Zn prior to their flame atomic absorption spectrometric (FAAS) determinations in environmental samples. The precipitate could be easily dissolved with concentrated nitric acid. The recovery values for analyte ions were higher than 95%. The parameters including pH, sample volume, centrifuge time, amounts of nickel and matrix effects were optimized for the quantitative recoveries of the analytes. The relative standard deviations of cobalt, lead, copper, iron and zinc were found 4.5, 5.7, 3.8. 6.1 and 7.5%, respectively. The limit of detection was calculated as 1.05, 2.67, 1.30, 1.38, and 0.50 mu g L-1 for cobalt, lead, copper, iron and zinc. The validation of the procedure was checked by the analysis of IAEA 336 lichen and SLRS 4 Riverine water standard reference materials were analyzed with satisfactory results. The presented coprecipitation procedure was successfully applied to some environmental samples for determination of analyte ions. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Cr(VI) and Cr(III) speciation on Bacillus sphaericus loaded diaion SP-850 resin

A speciation procedure for chromium(III) and chromium(VI) in the environment al samples has been established in the presented work. The procedure presented based on quantitative biosorption of chromium(III) on Bacillus sphaericus loaded Diaion SP-850 at pH 5. The Cr(VI) recoveries at pH 5 were below 5% on the biosorbent. After reduction of Cr(VI) by concentrated H2SO4 and ethanol, the system was applied to the total chromium. Cr(VI) was calculated as the difference between the total chromium content and the Cr(Ill) content. Optimal analytical conditions including pH, amounts of biosorbent, etc. for Cr(Ill) recoveries were investigated. The influences of the some alkaline and earth alkaline ions and some transition metals on the recoveries were also investigated. The capacity of biosorbent for chromium(III) was 6.95 mg g(-1). The detection limit (3 sigma) of the reagent blank for chromium(III) was 0.50 mu g L-1. The procedure was successfully applied to the speciation of chromium(III) and chromium(VI) in natural water samples (R.S.D. lower than 5%, recoveries greater than 95%). (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Determination of As(III) and As(V) species in some natural water and food samples by solid-phase extraction on Streptococcus pyogenes immobilized on Sepabeads SP 70 and hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry

The speciation of arsenic(III) and arsenic(V) by using Streptococcus pyogenes immobilized on Sepabeads SP 70 resin has been investigated with solid-phase extraction method. The arsenic levels were determined hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HGAAS) in sample solutions. The procedure presented based on quantitative recoveries of As(III) as >95%. Also the As(V) recoveries were obtained as <5% using the presented method. After reduction of As(V) by using KI and ascorbic acid and waiting 1 h later, the system was applied to determination of total arsenic. As(V) was found as the difference between the total As and As(III) content. Various experimental parameters such as pH, amount of microorganism, sample volume, etc. were investigated. The capacity of biosorbent for arsenic(III) was calculated as 7.3 mg/g. The preconcentration factor was found as 36. The relative standard deviation was calculated below 8%. Limit of detection was calculated as 13 ng/L The validation of the presented procedure was tested by analysis of standard reference materials (NIST SRM 1568a Rice floor and GBW 07605 Tea) and obtained fairly compatible results. The procedure was also successfully applied to arsenic speciation and determination of some natural water and food samples. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Trace metal content in nine species of fish from the Black and Aegean Seas, Turkey

Trace metal content of nine fish species harvested from the Black and Aegean Seas were determined by microwave digestion and atomic absorption spectroscopy (MD-AAS). Verification of the MD-AAS method was demonstrated by analysis of standard reference material (NRCC-DORM-2 dogfish muscle). Trace metal content in fish samples were 0.73-1.83 mu g/g for copper, 0.45-0.90 mu g/g for cadmium, 0.33-0.93 mu g/g for lead, 35.4-106 mu g/g for zinc, 1.28-7.40 mu g/g for manganese, 68.6-163 mu g/g for iron, 0.95-1.98 mu g/g for chromium, and 1.92-5.68 mu g/g for nickel. The levels of lead and cadmium in fish samples were higher than the recommended legal limits for human consumption. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Honeybees and honey as monitors for heavy metal contamination near thermal power plants in Mugla, Turkey

In the present work, 6 honeydew samples of known geographical and botanical origins and 11 honeybee samples were analyzed to detect possible contamination by the thermoelectric power plants in Mugla, Turkey. The contents of trace elements were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry after application of microwave digestion. The samples from the thermal power plants, which were 10-22 km away from the hives, that did not cause pollution in honeydew honeys were also analyzed. The levels of copper, cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc, manganese, iron, chromium, nickel, and aluminum were similar to the values found in other recent studies in literature. However, it was found that the contamination levels of the toxic elements such as Pb and Cd in honeybee samples measured relatively higher than that of honey samples. The study concludes that honeybees may be better bioindicators of heavy metal pollution than honey

Mercury(II) and methyl mercury speciation on Streptococcus pyrogenes loaded Dowex Optipore SD-2

A solid phase extraction procedure based on speciation of mercury(II) and methyl mercury on Streptococcus pyogenes immobilized on Dowex Optipore SD-2 has been established. Selective and sequential elution with 0.1 mol L(-1) HCl for methyl mercury and 2 mol L(-1) HCl for mercury(II) were performed at pH 8. The determination of mercury levels was performed by cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry (CVAAS). Optimal analytical conditions including pH, amounts of biosorbent, sample volumes, etc., were investigated. The influences of the some alkaline and earth alkaline ions and some transition metals on the recoveries were also investigated. The capacity of biosorbent for mercury(II) and methyl mercury was 4.8 and 3.4 mg g(-1). The detection limit (3 sigma) of the reagent blank for mercury(II) and methyl mercury was 2.1 and 1.5 ng L(-1). Preconcentration factor was calculated as 25. The relative standard deviations of the procedure were below 7%. The validation of the presented procedure is performed by the analysis of standard reference material (NRCC-DORM 2 Dogfish Muscle). The procedure was successfully applied to the speciation of mercury(II) and methyl mercury in natural water and environmental samples. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

3-Ethyl-4-(p-chlorobenzylidenamino-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (EPHBAT) as precipitant for carrier element free coprecipitation and speciation of chromium(III) and chromium(VI)

PubMed: 19647939A method for the separation and speciative determination of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) has been developed. The procedure is based on coprecipitation of Cr(III) on 3-ethyl-4-(p-chlorobenzylidenamino-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (EPHBAT) without carrier element. The Cr(III) can be selectively precipitated on EPHBAT in the pH range of 8.0-9.0, while Cr(VI) cannot be retained. Total chromium was determined after the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) with 0.5 mL of concentrated H2SO4 and 0.5 mL of ethanol. Cr(VI) concentrations were obtained as the respective differences between total chromium and Cr(III). Experiments were performed to optimize conditions, such as pH, amounts of EPHBAT, sample volume, etc. A preconcentration factor of 50-fold was achieved for Cr(III). The detection limit of the method for Cr(III) was 1.0 ?g L-1. To validate the developed method, the certified reference materials (NIST SRM 1573a and GBW 0703) were analyzed. The method was applied for the speciation of chromium in spiked natural water samples with satisfactory results. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Erciyes Üniversitesi Gaziosmanpasa Üniversitesi Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştirma KurumuThe authors would like to thank the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) for financial helps. The authors are grateful for the financial support of the Unit of the Scientific Research Projects of Gaziosmanpasa University and the Unit of the Scientific Research Projects of Erciyes University