Antimicrobial peptides of the Cecropin-family show potent antitumor activity against bladder cancer cells

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>This study evaluated the cytotoxic and antiproliferative efficacy of two well-characterized members of the Cecropin-family of antimicrobial peptides against bladder tumor cells and benign fibroblasts.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The antiproliferative and cytotoxic potential of the Cecropins A and B was quantified by colorimetric WST-1-, BrdU- and LDH-assays in four bladder cancer cell lines as well as in murine and human fibroblast cell lines. IC₅₀values were assessed by logarithmic extrapolation, representing the concentration at which cell viability was reduced by 50%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to visualize the morphological changes induced by Cecropin A and B in bladder tumor cells and fibroblasts.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Cecropin A and B inhibit bladder cancer cell proliferation and viability in a dose-dependent fashion. The average IC₅₀values of Cecropin A and B against all bladder cancer cell lines ranged between 73.29 μg/ml and 220.05 μg/ml. In contrast, benign fibroblasts were significantly less or not at all susceptible to Cecropin A and B. Both Cecropins induced an increase in LDH release from bladder tumor cells whereas benign fibroblasts were not affected. SEM demonstrated lethal membrane disruption in bladder cancer cells as opposed to fibroblasts.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Cecropin A and B exert selective cytotoxic and antiproliferative efficacy in bladder cancer cells while sparing targets of benign murine or human fibroblast origin. Both peptides may offer novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of bladder cancer with limited cytotoxic effects on benign cells.</p

Effect of Cecropin B on cell membranes of 486P bladder cancer cells and ZF07 fibroblasts as visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

Representative example of an untreated 486P bladder cancer cell showing a smooth surface. 486P cells treated with 65 μM Cecropin B reveal a disrupted cell membrane with only small islands of intact surface left (arrow). In contrast, untreated ZF07 fibroblasts and () fibroblasts after incubation with 65 μM Cecropin B do not display any changes in cell morphology with no observable damage to the cell membrane.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Antimicrobial peptides of the Cecropin-family show potent antitumor activity against bladder cancer cells"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2490/8/5</p><p>BMC Urology 2008;8():5-5.</p><p>Published online 3 Mar 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2276511.</p><p></p