Alpha coupling effects.

<p>(A) Alpha coupling between 900–1100 ms is shown. Displayed connections show significantly increased coupling from ipsilateral motor cortex to corresponding electrodes for EG- compared to EC-trials and for EN- compared to EC-trials. (B) Exemplary time-courses of the PLV. On the left, synchrony between contralateral motor cortex and a same-side prefrontal electrode (F5/F6) and on the right synchrony between ipsilateral motor cortex and a same-side prefrontal electrode (F5/F6) is displayed. Note that there was a significant difference for connectivity to ipsilateral but not to contralateral M1.</p

Sensorimotor effects in the cue-target interval.

<p>(A) On the left timecourses of mu (9-14 Hz) and beta (15–25 Hz) power at contralateral and ipsilateral sensorimotor clusters in relation to the standard motor response are displayed. The modulation of mu power was strongest over the ipsilateral hemisphere. Between 500–1100 ms mu increased in expecting go (EG), was around baseline in expecting nogo (EN) and decreased clearly in expecting change (EC). As shaded area around the mean, the SEM is displayed. Target onset was at 1100 ms (dotted line). Horizontal bars under the time axis highlight time-windows with significant differences between conditions. Black bars highlight windows where EG & EC significantly differed, dark grey bars where EG & EN differed and light grey bars where EN & EC differed. To the right bar graphs show mean mu/beta power between 500–1100 ms at contralateral and ipsilateral sensorimotor sites. As error bars the SEM is depicted. Significant differences are stressed with asterisks. (B) Time-frequency plots of activity in the EG condition at contra- and ipsilateral sensorimotor clusters. (C) The topographic plots show the scalp distribution of the mean signal change (500–1100 ms) as differences between EC and EG. All data in this figure is flipped along the midline.</p

Experimental setup.

<p>The photos show the typical facial expressions induced by the chop stick in the smile and no-smile conditions.</p

Overview of utilized contrasts in the study.

<p>Overview of utilized contrasts in the study.</p

Post-error slowing.

<p>Correct responses following erroneous responses (posterror trials) are compared with correct responses following response-matched correct responses (postcorrect trials). Reaction times are given in milliseconds.</p

Results of the EWL-60-S questionnaire; Data were collected on a separate sample, Facial Feedback group is coded by line color.

<p>Items summarized according to the EWL-60-S-manual. Scores are based on difference post-experimental EWL-60-S minus pre-experimental EWL-60-S results; positive values indicate that people loaded higher on this scale after completion of the EEG experiment. Error bars indicate +/−1 SE.</p

Imaging results for the decision phase.

<p><b>A</b> shows the main effect of provocation with an increased BOLD response in the dorsal ACC and below the corresponding beta values separately for the two groups (TRP- left and BAL right). In <b>B</b> depicted the main effect of the group factor with a higher BOLD response in the insula for the BAL group. Below the corresponding beta values separately for the two groups (TRP- left and BAL right).</p