Seleção para precocidade e rendimento de sementes em acessos de feijão-mungo com uso de REML/BLUP

The objective of this work was to select early maturing and high yielding mung bean (Vigna radiata) genotypes for savanna and rainforest conditions in Nigeria. Twenty mung bean genotypes were evaluated, in 2019 and 2020, in the following agroecological zones of Southwestern Nigeria: Rainforest, Derived Savanna, and Southern Guinea Savanna, totaling six environments. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The restricted maximum likelihood (REML)/best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) mixed model was used. The magnitude of the phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than that of the genotypic coefficient of variation for all agronomic characters measured. A high heritability estimate was recorded for first flowering (87%), followed by pod length (85%), number of seeds per pod (79%), and 50% flowering (55%). However, a low heritability was observed for seed yield per hectare (23%). The selective accuracy was 0.5 for yield, which is considered moderate, and ranged from 0.7 to 0.9 for the other characters. A yield of 1,472.93 kg ha-1 was obtained across the six environments. Nine promising genotypes (TVr-45, TVr-98, TVr-64, TVr-102, TVr-86, TVr-106, TVr-9, TVr-95, and TVr-33) were identified. Therefore, these genotypes are suitable and adapted for cultivation in the agroecological zones of Southwestern Nigeria.O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar genótipos de feijão-mungo (Vigna radiata) de maturação precoce e alto rendimento para condições de savana e mata na Nigéria. Vinte genótipos de feijão-mungo foram avaliados, em 2019 e 2020, nas seguintes zonas agroecológicas do sudoeste da Nigéria: floresta tropical, savana derivada e savana do sul da Guiné, o que totalizou seis ambientes. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. Utilizou-se o modelo misto de máxima verossimilhança restrita (REML)/melhor predição linear não enviesada (BLUP). A magnitude do coeficiente de variação fenotípico foi maior do que a do coeficiente de variação genotípico para todos os caracteres agronômicos mensurados. Registrou-se elevada estimativa de herdabilidade para primeira floração (87%), seguida por comprimento da vagem (85%), número de sementes por vagem (79%) e 50% da floração (55%). No entanto, observou-se baixa herdabilidade para produção de sementes por hectare (23%). A precisão seletiva foi de 0,5 para rendimento, que é considerada moderada, e de 0,7 a 0,9 para os outros caracteres. Obteve-se um rendimento de 1.472,93 kg ha-1 nos seis ambientes. Foram identificados nove genótipos promissores (TVr-45, TVr-98, TVr-64, TVr-102, TVr-86, TVr-106, TVr-9, TVr-95 e TVr-33). Portanto, esses genótipos são adequados e adaptados para cultivo nas zonas agroecológicas do sudoeste da Nigéria

Health- and Vision-Related Quality of Life in a Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Methotrexate and Mycophenolate Mofetil for Uveitis

PurposeTo evaluate changes in health-related and vision-related quality of life (VRQoL) among patients with noninfectious uveitis who were treated with antimetabolites.DesignSecondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.ParticipantsPatients with noninfectious uveitis from India, the United States, Australia, Saudi Arabia, and Mexico.MethodsFrom 2013 through 2017, 216 participants were randomized to receive 25 mg weekly oral methotrexate or 1.5 g twice daily oral mycophenolate mofetil. Median changes in quality of life (QoL) were measured using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and differences between treatment groups were measured using linear mixed models, adjusting for baseline QoL score, age, gender, and site. Among Indian patients, VRQoL scores from a general scale (the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire [NEI-VFQ]) and a culturally specific scale (the Indian Visual Function Questionnaire [IND-VFQ]) were compared using Pearson correlation tests.Main outcome measuresVision-related QoL (NEI-VFQ and IND-VFQ) and health-related QoL (HRQoL; physical component score [PCS] and mental component score [MCS] of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Survey [SF-36v2]) were measured at baseline, the primary end point (6 months or treatment failure before 6 months), and the secondary end point (12 months or treatment failure between 6 and 12 months).ResultsAmong 193 participants who reached the primary end point, VRQoL increased from baseline by a median of 12.0 points (interquartile range [IQR], 1.0-26.1, NEI-VFQ scale), physical HRQoL increased by a median of 3.6 points (IQR, -1.4 to 14.9, PCS SF-36v2), and mental HRQoL increased by a median of 3.0 points (IQR, -3.7 to 11.9, MCS SF-36v2). These improvements in NEI-VFQ, SF-36v2 PCS, and SF-36v2 MCS scores all were significant (P < 0.01). The linear mixed models showed that QoL did not differ between treatment groups for each QoL assessment (NEI-VFQ, IND-VFQ, PCS SF-36v2, and MCS SF-36v2; P > 0.05 for all). The NEI-VFQ and IND-VFQ scores for Indian participants were correlated highly at baseline and the primary and secondary end points (correlation coefficients, 0.87, 0.80, and 0.90, respectively).ConclusionsAmong patients treated with methotrexate or mycophenolate mofetil for uveitis, VRQoL and HRQoL improved significantly over the course of 1 year and did not differ by treatment allocation. These findings suggest that antimetabolites could improve overall patient well-being and daily functioning