Per allele hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of previously published breast cancer loci among <i>BRCA2</i> mutation carriers from previous reports and from the iCOGS array, ordered by statistical significance of the region.

1<p>Reporting status of the SNP is either previously reported or novel to this report.</p>2<p>p-value was calculated based on the 1-degree of freedom score test statistic.</p>3<p>rs311499 could not be designed onto the iCOGS array. A surrogate (r² = 1.0), rs311498, was included, however, and reported here.</p>4<p>Stronger associations were originally reported for the SNP, assuming a dominant or recessive model of the ‘risk allele’.</p

Associations between SNPs in the region surrounding rs9348512 on chromosome 6 and breast cancer risk.

<p>Results based on imputed and observed genotypes. The blue spikes indicate the recombination rate at each position. Genotyped SNPs are represented by diamonds and imputed SNPs are represented by squares. Color saturation indicates the degree of correlation with the SNP rs9348512.</p

Breast cancer hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of novel breast cancer loci with P-values of association <10⁻⁵ among <i>BRCA2</i> mutation carriers.

1<p>P-value was calculated based on the 1-degree of freedom score test.</p

Associations between SNPs in 9p22.2 with ovarian cancer risk for <i>BRCA1</i> and <i>BRCA2</i> mutation carriers.

<p>In each plot, the purple diamond corresponds to the strongest associated SNP and the colour code indicates the linkage disequilibrium with respect to this variant. Horizontal lines indicate the -log₁₀ p-value such that the SNPs above the line are the potential causal ones. This set was defined based on a likelihood ratio for a particular SNP as being less or equal than 100, relative to the most likely variant and r²>0.1. (A) <i>BRCA1</i> mutation carriers, (B) <i>BRCA2</i> mutation carriers.</p

Pairwise correlations (r²) between selected SNPs.

<p>SNPs correspond to: rs10124837, the strongest associated in <i>BRCA1</i>; rs62543583, the strongest associated in <i>BRCA2</i> mutation carriers; rs7046326, the strongest associated in <i>BRCA1/2</i> meta-analysis; rs3814113, was the strongest associated variant in the initial GWAS analysis.</p

Genomic features surrounding the 9p22.2 locus.

<p>Illustration of the genomic region (chr9:16,839,835–16,924,468) encompassing peaks (shaded areas) containing candidate causal variants associated with ovarian cancer risk in <i>BRCA1</i> and <i>BRCA2</i> mutation carriers. Epigenomic data from Coetzee et al., (2015) [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0158801#pone.0158801.ref020" target="_blank">20</a>] representing potential regulatory elements in ovarian cells (iOSE4 and iOSE11) and fallopian tube (FTSEC33) cells derived from formaldehyde assisted identification of regulatory elements sequencing (FAIRE-seq) and histone modification ChIP-seq are shown as black bars. Variants which overlap one of these features are coloured red. Data from the ENCODE project including histone modification ChIP-seq for three modifications (H3K4me1, H3K4me3, and H3K27ac) are shown as coloured histograms, as well as DNaseI hypersensitive site mapping and transcription factor ChIP-seq. The positions of all common SNPs from dbSNP build 142 are shown in the lowest track.</p

Associations between SNPs in 9p22.2 with ovarian cancer risk for the meta-analysis of <i>BRCA1</i> and <i>BRCA2</i> mutation carriers.

<p>(A) The purple diamond corresponds to the strongest associated SNP and the colour code indicates the linkage disequilibrium with respect to this variant. Horizontal lines indicate the -log₁₀ p-value such that the SNPs above the line are the potential causal ones. This set was defined based on a likelihood ratio for a particular SNP as being less or equal than 100, relative to the most likely variant and r²>0.1. (B) Haplotype block indicating relevant SNPs. From left to right the indicated SNPs correspond to: the strongest associated in <i>BRCA1/2</i> meta-analysis, the strongest in <i>BRCA1</i> and the strongest in <i>BRCA2</i>.</p

Conditional associations for <i>BRCA1</i> and <i>BRCA2</i> top SNPs.

<p><b>The table shows the HR estimate. 95% CI and p-value for the conditional analysis adjusting for the lead SNP in the univariate analysis for <i>BRCA1</i> (left hand side) or <i>BRCA2</i> mutation carriers (right had side).</b> SNPs correspond to: rs10124837, the strongest associated in <i>BRCA1</i>; rs62543583, the strongest associated in <i>BRCA2</i> mutation carriers; rs7046326, the strongest associated in <i>BRCA1/2</i> meta-analysis; rs3814113, was the strongest associated variant in the initial GWAS analysis. “HR”, hazard ratio; “CI”, confidence interval.</p

The <i>HMMR</i> locus and breast cancer risk in <i>BRCA1</i> mutation carriers.

<p>(<b>A</b>) Forest plots showing rs299290 HRs and 95% CIs (retrospective likelihood trend estimation) for participating countries (relatively small sample sets are not shown) ordered by sample size. Left and right panels show results for <i>BRCA1</i> and <i>BRCA2</i> mutation carriers, respectively. The sizes of the rectangles are proportional to the corresponding country/study precision. (<b>B</b>) The rs299290-containing region, including the genes, variation and regulatory evidence mentioned in HMECs. Exons are marked by black-filled rectangles and the direction of transcription is marked by arrows in the genomic structure. The chromosome 5 positions (base pairs (bp)) and linkage disequilibrium structure from Caucasian HapMap individuals are also shown.</p

Gene expression interactions in breast cancer survival.

<p>(<b>A</b>) Kaplan–Meier survival curves based on categorization of <i>HMMR</i> (probe NM_012484) and <i>AURKA</i> (NM_003600) expression in tertiles (low, medium or high expression). For simplicity, only the tertiles for “high” <i>AURKA</i> are shown. The tumours with high expression levels for both genes were not those with the poorest prognosis. (<b>B</b>) Kaplan–Meier survival curves based on categorization of <i>HMMR</i> (NM_012484) and <i>TUBG1</i> (NM_016437) expression in tertiles (low, medium or high expression). For simplicity, only the tertiles for “high” <i>HMMR</i> are shown. The cases with high expression levels for both genes were those with the poorest prognosis.</p