Spatial variation in coda Q and stressing rate around the Atotsugawa fault zone in a high strain rate zone, central Japan

We investigated a detailed spatial distribution of coda Q around the Atotsugawa fault zone in a high strain rate zone, central Japan, using waveform data from dense seismic observations. Low coda Q at lower frequencies is localized along the fault zone, showing a good spatial correlation with a low velocity zone in the lower crust. On the other hand, we find no characteristic spatial pattern of coda Q at higher frequencies. The spatial correlation between the low coda Q at the lower frequencies, and the low velocity zone, suggests that ductile deformations below the brittle-ductile transition zone in the crust contribute to the variation in coda Q at lower frequencies. We estimated a spatial variation in the stressing rate of 15-18 kPa/year in the crust from that of coda Q in the analyzed region. This value is greater than that estimated from GPS data. We conclude, therefore, that a high deformation rate below the brittle-ductile transition zone causes the high stressing rate, which results in the high strain rate along the fault zone observed by GPS. © The Society of Geomagnetism and Earth Planetary and Space Sciences (SGEPSS) The Seismological Society of Japan The Volcanological Society of Japan The Geodetic Society of Japan The Japanese Society for Planetary Sciences TERRAPUB

The Effect of Interim FDG-PET-guided Response-Adapted Therapy in Pediatric Patients with Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (HL-14) : Protocol for a Phase II Study

This trial enrolls patients with untreated Hodgkin’s lymphoma aged<20 years at diagnosis and examines the effects of omitting radiation therapy if the FDG-positron emission tomography (PET) findings after two completed cycles of combination chemotherapy are negative. It thereby aims to determine whether patients who truly require radiation therapy can be identified by FDG-PET. If so, this modality could be used to omit radiation therapy for all other patients, decreasing the risk of serious long-term complications without affecting survival rates. The outcomes of patients for whom FDG-PET is used to assess early treatment response will also be determined

Proceedings of CHARACTERISTICS OF FRESH WATER PERMEATION IN HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE MODULE FOR PRESSURE RETARDED OSMOSIS

ABSTRACT Forward Osmosis (FO) is recently paied attention to preprocessing of the Reverse Osmosis (RO). It can reduce the input power of RO plant. It is required to reduce the salt concentration at outlet and increase the permeation flow rate. In this paper, the characteristics of the fresh water flow and permeation are studied for the hollow fiber membrane module used in FO system. It is cleared that the disappearance of fresh water and the concentration polarization in hollow fiber largely influence to the reduction of permeation flow rate in the case of the low fresh water flow rate. Concentration of fresh water and the leakage of salt influence to the reduction of permeation flow rate in the case of high fresh water flow rate. INTRODUCTION At present, sea water desalination is paid attention due to worldwide water shortage. In many sea water desalination technique, Reverse Osmosis (RO) which is sea water desalination with semi-permeable membrane is widely utilized. In this desalination with RO, it need to pressurize about 8.0 [MPa] more than 3.5 [MPa] of sea water osmotic pressure on sea water side across the membrane. So, the desalination plant consume large energy. In recent years, new technique which utilize the Forward Osmosis (FO) is paid attention as pretreatment of RO. This technique is to decrease the salt concentration of sea water by permeation of fresh water into sea water with FO technique before RO process. It can reduce the required power when use RO process. However the practical application of RO desalination with FO is not realized because characteristics of FO is not clear sufficiently. Then, in this paper, we investigate some factor related to decrease o

Histological Distinction between the Granular and Nongranular Types of Laterally Spreading Tumors of the Colorectum

Colorectal laterally spreading tumors (LSTs), which are classified into granular (LST-G) and nongranular (LST-NG) types, are a good indication for endoscopic treatment. In practice, the nongranular type is more difficult to remove endoscopically than the granular type. It might be assumed that some histological differences exist between these subtypes. The objective of this study was to analyze histological features of laterally spreading tumors and compare between the granular and the nongranular types. A total of 32 cases of LSTs resected endoscopically being intramucosal tumors with no previous treatment were analyzed. The disposition of the muscularis mucosae, the vascular density, and the degree of fibrosis of the submucosal layer were determined. The outline of the muscularis mucosae in LST-NG was almost flat, but that of LST-G was wavy. The submucosal vascular density was significantly greater in the LST-NGs (61.4±24.3/mm2) than in the LST-Gs (43±22.4/mm2; P=0.033). There was no clear difference in the degree of submucosal fibrosis between the subtypes. A flat disposition of the muscularis mucosae and a more densely vascularized submucosal layer were characteristics of LST-NGs compared to the LST-Gs. These findings may play a role when performing the endoscopic resection of LSTs