Psychological state in cancer patients

The psychological state and changes over time of cancer patients in the active treatment stage were classified into emotions by the speech and behavior of the patient described in the medical record article of the cancer psychological interview record, and the analysis of the “emotional state map” was attempted. In all cases, positive / negative emotions were mixed and appeared with variation, but a relatively large number of positive emotions, including , , and , were manifested, and the same was true in patients who experienced stressful treatment events. In the background, the existence of appropriate support from medical professionals and psychological characteristics peculiar to the stage of active treatment was inferred, such as the active treatment of the target patient, the hospitalization environment in which mental and physical pain promptly appealed to medical professionals, and the influence of psychological interviews. Cancer patients during active treatment perceived and expressed changes in the body and pain caused by the disease, and after responses from medical professionals and family members, they were conscious of their physical condition and emotions. It is suggested that this analysis method helps to objectively understand and explain the invisible and ever-changing psychological state of cancer patients in the active treatment stage

リョウイク オ ウケテ イル コドモ ノ ハハオヤ イシキ ノ ヘンカ : ジドウ デイ サービス オ リヨウ シテ イル ハハオヤ ノ フリカエリ カラ

The purpose of this study was to investigate effectiveness mothers felt by using Day service for Children. For this purpose, awareness changes of the mothers were researched. We analyzed the data collected through semi-structured interviews with three mothers having children with developmental worries under the therapeutic educations. In the interviews, they told their awareness about some periods and matters of their children. In the interviews, that they were embarrassed to use Day care service for their own children at first, but gradually felt it necessary to get therapeutic education, and using Day service for Children were beneficial for them finally were told. Besides, it gave the mothers many chances to communicate with other mothers who were in similar situation and the therapeutic education specialists. The specialists thought about children with the mothers, and talked mothers' secrets and worries. They could change attitude toward their children and understand their children better. The Day service for Children also plays an important role for mothers to get relieved. Some mothers could understand the individuality of their children through using Day service for Children. They could deal with their children properly or at least believed that they can, even if they concerned about their children. The result of this research suggested that using Day service for Children is effective for not only children but also mothers

シンジン カンゴシ ノ ショクバ カンキョウ ニンシキ ニ カンスル シャクド ノ カイハツ

The purpose of this study was to develop a rating scale for novice nurses’ recognition of working environment. The survey questionnaire on working environment was sent to ８１０ novice nurses in the western region of Japan, of which ６３４ were returned with a response rate of ７８％. A principal factor analysis with a varimax rotation was conducted on the final １６‐item scale and two factors （１１‐items） were extracted. The Cronbach α coefficient for the total scale was ０．８８２, indicating high internal consistency. The first factor was named “educational-support environment,” and consisted of six items regarding instruction in the workplace, tackling issues, and relationship with managers, and the second factor was “working environment satisfaction,” which consisted of five items regarding human relationships in the workplace, relationship with patients, and vacation. The developed “rating scale for novice nurses’ recognition of working environment” can easily evaluate the cognitive state of a subject’s workplace environment. Therefore, it was considered that this scale was useful when examining working environment

Social and cognitive functions in schizophrenia

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to examine clinical factors related to social function in people with schizophrenia. Patients and methods: The participants were 55 stabilized outpatients with schizophrenia. Their mean age was 39.36 (SD =10.65) years. Social function was assessed using the Quality of Life Scale (QLS). Cognitive function was evaluated with the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). Clinical symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia, and the Drug-Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms Scale. Results: Neither the MCCB cognitive domain score nor composite score was correlated with the QLS scores. However, of the 10 MCCB subtests, the Trail Making Test Part A and the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia-Symbol Coding (BACS-SC) scores were positively correlated with the QLS scores. Among clinical variables, especially the PANSS negative syndrome scale score had a strong negative correlation with the QLS scores. Stepwise regression analyses showed that the PANSS negative syndrome scale score was an independent predictor of the QLS scores, and although the BACS-SC score predicted the QLS common objects and activities subscale score, the association was not so strong compared to the PANSS negative syndrome scale score. Conclusion: These results indicate that speed of processing evaluated by BACS-SC could predict some aspect of social function but negative symptoms have a much stronger impact on global social function in people with schizophrenia

Life skills in schizophrenia

Objective : The purpose of the present study is to examine clinical factors related to life skills in people with schizophrenia. Method : The participants were 51 stabilized outpatients with schizophrenia. Their mean age was 38.91 (SD = 10.73) years. Life skills were assessed using the Life skills profile (LSP). Cognitive function was evaluated with the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). Clinical symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome scale (PANSS), the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) and the Drug-Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms Scale (DIEPSS). Results : Cognitive function was not correlated with the LSP scores at all. Among clinical symptoms, scores of the PANSS positive and negative syndrome scales, the CDSS, and the DIEPSS had negative correlations with the LSP total score and the subscales. Stepwise regression analyses showed that the CDSS and PANSS negative syndrome scale scores were independent predictors of the LSP total score and two of the subscales. Conclusions : These results indicate that cognitive function is not associated with life skills but clinical symptoms such as depressive and negative symptoms have considerable impacts on life skills in people with schizophrenia

Criterion and Construct Validity of the CogState Schizophrenia Battery in Japanese Patients with Schizophrenia

BACKGROUND: The CogState Schizophrenia Battery (CSB), a computerized cognitive battery, covers all the same cognitive domains as the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (MATRICS) Consensus Cognitive Battery but is briefer to conduct. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the criterion and construct validity of the Japanese language version of the CSB (CSB-J) in Japanese patients with schizophrenia. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Forty Japanese patients with schizophrenia and 40 Japanese healthy controls with matching age, gender, and premorbid intelligence quotient were enrolled. The CSB-J and the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia, Japanese-language version (BACS-J) were performed once. The structure of the CSB-J was also evaluated by a factor analysis. Similar to the BACS-J, the CSB-J was sensitive to cognitive impairment in Japanese patients with schizophrenia. Furthermore, there was a significant positive correlation between the CSB-J composite score and the BACS-J composite score. A factor analysis showed a three-factor model consisting of memory, speed, and social cognition factors. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This study suggests that the CSB-J is a useful and rapid automatically administered computerized battery for assessing broad cognitive domains in Japanese patients with schizophrenia