Reductive cleavage of sulfones and sulfonamides by neutral organic super electron-donor (S.E.D.) reagent

The sulfonyl group finds extensive applications in organic and medicinal chemistry both in sulfonamides, popular as robust protecting groups for amines, and in sulfones. Frequently, sulfones are introduced into synthetic schemes to assist particular transformations; further progress along the synthetic route can later require the removal of a sulfone group, and this can be achieved by reductive desulfonylation or, in the special cases of α-halo- or ß-acyloxysulfones, by elimination to an alkene

Applicability of age estimation methods for a brazilian sample using panoramic radiographs

Orientador: Eduardo Daruge JuniorTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: A estimativa de idade tem importância na investigação forense, tanto na área civil e criminal, em que seja necessário estabelecer a idade de um indivíduo sendo um importante instrumento em situações como alegação de menoridade, casos de pensão alimentícia, aposentadoria e entre outros. Buscando solucionar tais questões, surgiram métodos e adaptações utilizando exames por imagem para que se observe a involução dental e consequentemente se estime a idade dos indivíduos. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a aplicabilidade do método de Olze et al. (2012) e Timme et al. (2017) em 503 radiografias panorâmicas de uma amostra de brasileiros para estimar a idade, no contexto forense, a partir da avaliação de parâmetros de involução dental, com idades entre 20 a 70 anos, em ambos os sexos, provenientes do banco de dados de uma clínica de radiologia odontológica de pacientes que realizaram seus exames nos últimos 5 anos. A involução dental foi classificada de acordo com os parâmetros estabelecidos nos dentes 34, 35, 44 e 45 e a idade estimada a partir das fórmulas propostas por Olze et al. (2012) e Timme et al. (2017). Procedeu-se a análise estatística descritiva e inferencial, por meio de regressão linear. Verificou-se que para ambos os métodos os coeficientes de determinação foram inferiores a 3% na faixa de 15-40 anos e inferiores a 17,8%, na faixa de 15-70 anos, quando são usadas as fórmulas específicas para cada dente. Ao utilizar a média da idade estimada pelos dentes índices, o coeficiente de determinação alcança os valores de 1,5% e 2,8%, na faixa de 15-40 anos, e de 22,7% e 22,8%, na faixa de 15-70 anos, respectivamente para cada método, ainda indicando um baixo poder preditivo para os métodos na amostra brasileira. Com isso foi possível concluir que o método é limitado para a população estudada, sendo as fórmulas de Timme et al. (2017) mais assertivas para a faixa de 15 a 40 anos e, para a faixa etária de 15 a 70, ambas as fórmulas possuem resultados similares com baixa correlação entre a idade real e estimadaAbstract: Age estimation methods are an important in forensic investigation, both in the civil and criminal area, where it is necessary to establish the age of an individual. In order to solve these questions, methods and adaptations were developed using imaging for dental observation and consequently to estimate the age. The aim of this study was to verify the applicability of the method of Olze et al. (2012) and Timme et al (2017) in 503 panoramic radiographs of Brazilians sample to estimate age in the forensic context, from the evaluation of dental involution parameters, aged between 20 and 70 years, of both sexes, from the database of a dental radiology clinic, of patients who underwent their examinations in the last 5 years. Dental involution was classified according to the parameters established on the teeth 34, 35, 44 and 45 and the age estimated from the formulas proposed by Olze et al. (2012) and Timme et al. (2017). Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was performed using linear regression. Although the analyzes did not meet the necessary assumptions, it was found that for both methods, the determination coefficients were less than 3% in the 15-40 years group and less than 17,8% in the 15-70 year age group, when used the specific formulas for each tooth. Using the mean age estimated by the index teeth, the coefficient of determination reached values of 5.59% and 2.8%, in the range of 15-40 years, and of 22.7% and 22.8%, in the range of 15-70 years, still indicating a low predictive power for the methods in the Brazilian sample. With this, it was possible to conclude that the method is limited for the studied population, the formulas of Timme et al (2017) being more assertive for the range of 15 to 40 years and in the age range of 15 to 70 both formulas have similar results with low correlation between the actual and estimated ageDoutoradoAnatomiaDoutora em Biologia Buco-DentalCAPE

Relationship among borderline personality traits, mother-and-child image, and internal object in adolescence

The current study examined the relationships between borderline personality traits, mother-and-child image and internal objects in adolescence. Questionnaires were distributed to 253 university students. In total, data from 227 participants were analyzed after excluding incomplete responses. The results revealed that, even among those who established stable mother-child relationships in early childhood and for whom “good subjects” were internalized, there was only a positive correlation with “concerns about disgust” or “connection desire”. In addition, there was a positive correlation between “bad subjects” as “relationship breaks” and “non-permanent objects” as “concerns about aversion,” “isolation”, and “connection desire”. These findings suggest that some young people desire to be hated and have connections with others. However, when characteristics such as breaking a relationship or feeling a vague sense of isolation are added, interpersonal relationships were found to be unstable, representing more borderline personality traits. In addition, we conducted interviews with 12 university students and examined how mother-child relationships in early childhood and internal objects influenced current borderline personality traits. The results revealed that, even for young participants with a stable mother-to-child relationship, youth-related characteristics and previous interpersonal relationships could affect borderline personality traits

Effect of attachment styles on meaning making in adolescent’ broken-heart experiences

Among their various experiences of loss, a broken heart is thought to be familiar to young people and relatively easy to experience. This experience greatly influences adolescents’ values and their life. In this study, we aimed to examine the effect of differences in attachment style on meaning making in adolescents’ broken-heart experiences. Questionnaires were distributed to 354 university students. In total, 312 people were analyzed after excluding incomplete responses. The results show no significant difference in meaning making or feelings of self-growth in the group with broken-heart experience. The subjects of this study were relatively healthy adolescents; therefore, their attachment styles were conceivably concentrated on the average value. The group with broken-heart experience was compared with the group without broken-heart experience and a significant difference was observed in “focus on positive aspects.” The score of the group with broken-heart experience was significantly higher than the score of the group without broken-heart experience. It is suggested that adolescents should overcome the stressful experience of a broken heart during their interpersonal relationships by positive meaning making, regardless of the attachment style