Effect Of CARICAPRYL-99 Seed Alkaloid Extract On The Serum Levels Of Sex Hormones And Pituitary Gonadotrophins In Male Albino Rats

Summary: Activity of alkaloid extract of caricapryl–99 seeds (Carica papaya Linn seeds) on the serum levels of steroid hormones was studied in adult male albino rats. Three tolerated doses obtained from the graph of percectage toxicity (10, 50 and 150 mg/kg) were separately administered orally, daily for three days to three groups of male rats (n=5) while group four of 5 rats received the vehicle (corn oil) as control. The results showed that 10mg/kg/d caused increase serum levels of FSH and estrogen but decrease in the serum levels of LH and testosterone compared to control; 50mg/kg/d elevated the serum levels of FSH, estrogen but inhibited testosterone; while 150mg/kg/d pretreatments caused a significant decrease (

Strategic Medicines Planning in Primary Health Care

Medicines and pharmaceutical products are indispensable to delivery of public health services in rural communities, cities, and health facilities. In primary health care, auxiliary health workers are responsible for delivery of services, while professional pharmacists have pivotal role in determining medicines needs, setting priorities, procuring, and managing drugs. Health care professionals work in turbulent and unpredictable environments stemming from disparate health demands, structures, and processes. The challenge in many African countries is even greater with limited resources, greater health problems, poor management systems, ubiquity of fake drug distributors, and poor medicines planning. These factors contribute to perpetual ‘out of stock’ syndrome, proliferation of fake and adulterated drugs, and continued poor health situations. Strategic medicines planning requires broad understanding of health and medicines realities within a context. Pharmacists viewing the community from a holistic perspective promote effectiveness in pharmacy, and facilitate synergy among the various groups to solve intractable medicines problems. Strategic medicines planning (SMP) involves systematic planning by senior pharmacists in the community that considers broad medicine needs and resources necessary in the medium and long term. It feeds the primary health care strategic health plan, and sets direction for medicine planning in wards and communities. Issues considered affect the community and health facilities in the community, such as shape and nature of the pharmacy department, and how to finance it; essential drugs needed in the community; materials and other pharmaceutical products needed and their distribution; pricing of commodities; relationships with the community and other health organisations; relationship with government; and potential opportunities and threats. Hence, it is necessary to advocate strategic medicines planning as important role for professional pharmacists in primary health care.Keywords: Strategic Medicines Planning, and Primary Health Care Medicines PlanningNigerian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol. 8 No 1 pp. 288 - 293 (September 2010

Effect of crude extract of carica papaja seeds on the reproductive efficiency of male albino rats

No Abstract.Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences Vol. 13 (3) 2007: pp.365-36

Effect Of Garcinia Kola Seed Alkaloid Extract On Levels Of Gonadal Hormones And Pitutary Gonadotrophins In Rat Serum

The effects of three tolerated oral doses (350 mg/kg, 1500 mg/kg, 2000 mg/kg) of methanolic alkaloid extract of Garcinia kola seed (GKA) on serum levels of estradiol, progesterone, prolactin, FSH and LH were observed in female rats (125-170 g). The control animals received 2ml oral doses of methanolic saline (0.9% NaCl) daily and the treatment period of dosing for all animals lasted 3, 7 or 30 days, at the end of which they were exsanguinated to collect serum for hormonal assays. In another study, the effects of daily oral doses of GKA (350 mg/kg or 2000 mg/kg for days; 300 mg/kg, 1300 mg/kg or 2000 mg/kg for days; 1500 mg/kg for 14 days) on serum levels of testosterone, LH and FSH were observed in male rats (150 – 175). The experiments showed that serum LH, FSH and prolactin levels were lower, while estradiol and progesterone levels were higher, than control values in females. There was marked reduction in serum testosterone and a concomitant elevation of serum FSH and LH in males. The findings suggest a possible antifertility consequence of treatment with GKA. Key words: Garcinia kola seeds; alkaloids; gonadotrophins; sex hormones. Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences Vol.18(1-2) 2003: 59-6