Powder Process with Photoresist for Ceramic Electronic Components

This chapter proposed a patterning process for ceramic electronic components. The proposed process uses a photoresist, and it is combined with the photolithography process and the printing process. By using both technologies, a high-aspect-ratio and fine conductive pattern is achieved because the patterned photoresist hold the filling paste during the dry process. Moreover, a different material pattern in a ceramic sheet can be formed simultaneously when the photoresist covers on the ceramic sheet with a through-hole pattern. The examples of the patterning process and the fabricated pattern are shown. The fine conductive pattern was formed by using a liquid photoresist, and the line width and the thickness were 10.3 and 1.85 μm, respectively. In the ceramic pattern, the conductive paste and low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) slurry were filled to the ferrite sheet. As a result, the ceramic sheet that had three different materials was achieved. It realizes the miniature ceramic inductor suppressing the minor loop. However, the photoresist process showed some problems with the fine pattern and the different material pattern. These problems are solved by adjusting the viscosity and the composite ratio of the slurry. The optimization of the type and thickness of the photoresist is required

Milliwatt-Level Electromagnetic Induction-Type MEMS Air Turbine Generator

In this chapter, an electromagnetic induction-type MEMS air turbine generator that combined with the MEMS technology and the multilayer ceramic technology is proposed. Three types of MEMS air turbine generators that included the different bearing systems, shape of the rotor and shape of the magnetic circuits are discussed to achieve the high output power. In the MEMS air turbine, the purpose is to achieve high-speed rotational motion. As a result of the comparison between the different structures, a rim-type rotor and a miniature ball bearing system showed the high rotational speed than a flat-type rotor and a fluid dynamic bearing system. The maximum rotational speed of the fabricated air turbine was 290,135 rpm. Moreover, it is important to introduce the magnetic flux to the magnetic circuit. By the multilayer ceramic technology, the three-dimensional coil in miniature monolithic structure was fabricated. The magnetic core that was designed to introduce the magnetic flux showed the low magnetic flux loss. The fabricated MEMS air turbine and the multilayer ceramic magnetic circuit were combined, and the miniature electromagnetic induction-type generator was achieved. The output power was 2.41 mVA, when the load resistance and the output voltage were 8 Ω and 139 mV, respectively

Gait Generation of Multilegged Robots by using Hardware Artificial Neural Networks

Living organisms can act autonomously because biological neural networks process the environmental information in continuous time. Therefore, living organisms have inspired many applications of autonomous control to small-sized robots. In this chapter, a small-sized robot is controlled by a hardware artificial neural network (ANN) without software programs. Previously, the authors constructed a multilegged walking robot. The link mechanism of the limbs was designed to reduce the number of actuators. The current paper describes the basic characteristics of hardware ANNs that generate the gait for multilegged robots. The pulses emitted by the hardware ANN generate oscillating patterns of electrical activity. The pulse-type hardware ANN model has the basic features of a class II neuron model, which behaves like a resonator. Thus, gait generation by the hardware ANNs mimics the synchronization phenomena in biological neural networks. Consequently, our constructed hardware ANNs can generate multilegged robot gaits without requiring software programs

Examination on a Criterion for a Debonding Fracture of Single Lap Joints from the Intensity of Singular Stress Field

In this study, the experimental adhesive strength is newly considered in terms of the singular stress appearing at the end of interface between the adhesive and adherent. Here the critical intensity of singular stress field is examined as the debonding criterion for all types of single lap joints under different adhesive thickness and overlap length. The intensity of singular stress can be evaluated by the application of the finite element method focusing on the stress value at the end element of the interface. It should be noted that except for the case of small overlap length the separation always occurs at the edge of the interface causing unstable growth and final brittle fracture. In this type of fracture it is found that the critical intensity of the stress singular field is constant independent of the adhesive thickness and overlap length.13th International Conference on Fracture, June 16–21, 2013, Beijing, Chin

尿閉を来たしたハイリスク患者に対する尿道ステント(アンジオメッドメモサーム)の使用経験

著者らは, 尿閉を来したハイリスク患者に対して, 尿道ステント(アンジオメッド・メモサーム)留置を試みて, 良好な結果が得られた.対象症例15例のうち, 2名は再度尿閉を来し, 1名はステントへの結石付着が原因でステントを抜去せざるをえなかったが, 残る12名はステント留置後から良好な排尿状態を保持することができた.また, BPHだけでなく, 原疾患がNGBと思われる症例に対しても効果を期待できることが確認できた.以上, 非侵襲的で簡便なこの手技は, 本来尿道カテーテルを留置されるべきハイリスク患者に自排尿を促せる, すなわちQOLを高めることのできる優れた手技であると示唆されたTransurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P) has been established as the golden standard for the treatment of urinary retention in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, TUR-P is not performed on patients with certain high-risk complications. We have obtained favorable results using urethral stent (Angiomed-Memotherm) implantation to treat high-risk urinary retention patients. Here, we review the results obtained on 15 patients treated using this procedure. Two patients experienced recurrent urinary retention; in one patient, the stent had to be removed due to stone formation; in the remaining 12 patients, urination was favorable after stent implantation. Also, urethral stent implantation was found to be useful in 4 of the 7 patients with neurogenic bladder (rather than BPH) as the underlying disease. The present technique is convenient and noninvasive, and we strongly believe that it can improve the patient's quality of life (QOL) by facilitating urination in high-risk patients who would otherwise require urethral catheterization

Examination on a Criterion for a Debonding Fracture of Single Lap Joints from the Intensity of Singular Stress Field

13th International Conference on Fracture, June 16–21, 2013, Beijing, ChinaIn this study, the experimental adhesive strength is newly considered in terms of the singular stress appearing at the end of interface between the adhesive and adherent. Here the critical intensity of singular stress field is examined as the debonding criterion for all types of single lap joints under different adhesive thickness and overlap length. The intensity of singular stress can be evaluated by the application of the finite element method focusing on the stress value at the end element of the interface. It should be noted that except for the case of small overlap length the separation always occurs at the edge of the interface causing unstable growth and final brittle fracture. In this type of fracture it is found that the critical intensity of the stress singular field is constant independent of the adhesive thickness and overlap length

Analysis of intensity of singular stress field for single lap joint under tensile shear load based on crack tip stress method

In this paper, the crack tip stress method (CTSM) is extended so that the intensity of the singular stress field of the single lap joint (SLJ) with two real stress singularity orders can be analyzed. Two types of the reference models are proposed; one is the tensile force model; the other one is the shear force model. The intensities of the singular stress field of the SLJ are calculated by superposing those of the reference models. The intensities of the singular stress fields of the reference models are calculated by the reciprocal work contour integral method (RWCIM). Then the validity of the reference models and the accuracy of the present method are discussed by comparing the present results with the solutions which are calculated by the RWCIM.3rd International Conference on Fracture Fatigue and Wear, FFW2014, Kitakyushu, Japan, 1-3 September 201

Analysis on intensity of singular stress for bonded pipe in comparison with bonded plate

In our previous research, the intensity of singular stress at the end of interface for bonded platewas discussed under arbitrary material combinations. Also, it was found that the bonded strength of buttjoint can be evaluated in terms of the singular stress in good accuracy. In this study, the intensity of singular stress for bonded pipe is newly discussed in comparison with the one of bonded plate. The finite element method is applied to calculate the intensity of singular stress with varying the material combinationsystematically. This method focuses on the result of first node, which locates on the end of the interface.Since few studies are available for bonded pipe, in this study, first, the singular stress field at the end of the interface of the bonded pipe is investigated under several boundary conditions. Next, the effect of the material combination on the intensity of singular stress is discussed. This investigation may contribute to a better understanding of the debonding strength and initial interfacial cracks of bonded pipe.3rd International Conference on Fracture Fatigue and Wear, EEW2014, Kitakyushu, Japan, 1-3 September 201