Hepatoprotective effects of ethanol extract of Caesalpiniabonduc against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in Albino Rats

The present study was carried out to evaluate the Acute toxicity, hepatoprotective and in-vivo antioxidant activities of ethanolic extract of Caesalpinia bonduc leaf on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver damage using Swiss albino rats . The ethanolic extract of the plant of C. bonduc were suspended in 5 % tragacanth and then administered orally at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight for fourteen days before intraperitoneally injection of Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) at dose of 2 mL/kg body weight. The plant extracts at 250 and 500mg/kg b.wt showed a remarkable hepatoprotective and invivo antioxidant activities against carbon tetrachloride CCl4 – induced hepatotoxity judged from the serum marker enzymes .The CCl4 induced significant increase in aspartate amino transferase( AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), alkaline phophatase (ALP), total bilirubin, and malondyaldehyde (MDA) with a reduction of total protein, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase . Treatment of rats with different doses of plant extract (250 and 500 mg/kg b.wt.) significantly (P< 0.001) altered serum maker enzymes and antioxidant levels to near normal levels. The study suggests that C. Bonduc specifically chloroform and ethyl acetate fraction may be good sources of natural antioxidant and hepatoprotective substance.Keywords: Ceasalpiniabonduc, hepatoprotective, intraperitoneally , antioxidan

Effect of aqueous extract of Azadiracta indica on organs of tissue macrophages in Swiss albino rats

Azadiracta indica (A.indica) is an ancient medicinal plant that is used in form of an extract, pure compounds and neem-based commercial products for the treatment of various ailments . In this study, twenty four adult rats were divided into four groups of six animals each. While group A received distilled water daily ,groups B, C, D received aqueous extractof Azadiracta indica at doses of 250, 500 and 750 mg/kgbody weight respectively. The organs of the tissue macrophages (liver, bone marrow, spleen and lung) were immediately fixed, dehydrated and sectioned at 5 μm thickness. The sections were stained with hematoxyline and eosin ,and were examined grossly in all the autopsied rats. It can be concluded that the aqueous extract of A. Indica exerted a potent toxic effect on tissues of liver and spleen at doses of 500 and 750 mg/kg .On the other hand, the histopathological changes observed in the bone marrow and lung an increase in myelopoiesis and alveolar macrophages by the extract. In view of its toxicity on the Liver and the Spleen, A. Indica should not be administered at high doses. In view of its toxicityKeywords: Azadiracta indica, Macrophages, Myelopoiesis, Alveolar macrophages, Toxicit

Effect of aqueous extract of Allium sativum on liver function profile in wistar rat

Hepatic dysfunction is globally a major health catastrophe that challenges the health care of many people worldwide.The existing synthetic drugs to treat liver diseases have appeared not to give much satisfactory outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of Allium sativum extracts on liver function. The animals were divided into four groups. Group A serves as control and were given distilled water daily for a period of five weeks. Groups A,B and C were given aqueous extract of Allium sativum orally at doses of 150, 300 and 600mg/kg body weight respectively . Administration of Allium sativum extract at doses of 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg bwt for period of five weeks led to significant (p˂0.05) decreases in the serum activities of Liver marker enzymes and some biochemical parameters as compared to the control group. There were significant (p˂0.05) increases in the serum level of total protein (TP), and albumin (ALB), especially at dose of 150 mg/kg bwt as compared to control group. The result also revealed significant (p˂0.05) decrease in the liver tissue level of malondialdehyde (MDA), and significant (p˂0.05) increases in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase,SOD, glutathione peroxidaseGPx. and catalase, CAT in the Liver tissues.  Therefore, the results from this study supported the evidence of non toxic effect of Allium sativum at the doses tested .Keywords: Allium Sativum, Liver function profil