PENGARUH KOMPOS DIPERKAYA BIOCHAR SEBAGAI BULKING AGENT TERHADAP SERAPAN FOSFOR DAN HASIL JAGUNG (ZEA MAYS, L.) PADA CALCAROSOL

Suatu penelitian lapangan dilakukan untuk mempelajari pengaruh aplikasi kompos yang diperkaya dengan biochar sebagai bulking agent terhadap serapan fosfor dan hasil jagung pada tanah Calcarosol pada musim hujan 2012-2013 dan musim panas 2013. Perlakuan yang dicobakan adalah: (1) kontrol, tanpa pemberian kompos (K0), (2) kompos pupuk kandang sapi (KSB0), (3) kompos pupuk kandang sapi + 2,5 ton ha-1 biochar (KSBOB), (4) kompos pupuk kandang sapi + biochar (3:1) (KSB1), (5) kompos pupuk kandang sapi + biochar (1:1) (KSB2), (6) kompos biomasa C. odorata (KCB0), (7) kompos biomasa C. odorata + biochar (3:1) (KCB1), dan (8) kompos biomasa C. odorata +biochar (1:1) (KCB2). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi kompos biochar sebagai pembenah tanah Calcarosol berpengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan C-organik, KTK, N total, K-dd, Mg-dd, P tersedia, penurunan P terjerap, peningkatan serapan P, peningkatan bobot kering akar, bobot kering tanaman, dan hasil biji jagung. Peningkatan serapan P dan hasil biji tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan KCB2, yaitu masing-masing sebesar 162% dan 145% dibanding kontrol pada MT I dan sebesar 182% dan 240% dibanding kontrol pada MT II, menunjukkan efektivitas pengaruh perlakuan kompos biochar terhadap serapan P dan hasil jagung pada tanah Calcaroso

PENGGUNAAN BUDIDAYA LORONG UNTUK REHABILITASI TANAH TEREROSI

An experiment had been carried out to study the potential of alley cropping system for rehabilitation of eroded soil. The experiment was carried out on Vertisols at Ngrimbi, Jombang, East Java. The results showed that planting Gliricidia as an hedgerow crop in an alley cropping system improved the properties and fertility of eroded Vertisols. After 10 years of the practice, there was an increase in soil organic-C, soil N, Soil-P, and soil-K. As a result of increasing soil organic-C, there was an improvement of soil aggregation, water holding capacity, and available soil water. Improvement of soil fertility with alley cropping resulted in an increase of maize and soybean yields. The yields of maize and soybean in a non alley cropping system, on the other hand, constantly decreased with tim

PERANAN BIOCHAR SEBAGAI PEMBENAH TANAH PADA PERTANAMAN JAGUNG DI TANAH LEMPUNG BERPASIR (SANDY LOAM) SEMIARID TROPIS LOMBOK UTARA

The aims of this study to were evaluate potential of biochar for improving several soil physical characteristics and yield of maize in a sandy loam soil of North Lombok during three cyles of sowing times (December 2010-October 2011). Five treatments, i.e. application of coconut sheld biochar (BTK), application of cow dung biochar (BKS), application of famyard manure only for one season (PKA), applications of farmyard manure each season (PKB) and control (K). Biochar application increased C-organic, and concentration of nutrient (N, P, K, Ca and Mg), absorption of N, P, K and seed yield. During three seasons, application of biochar led to higher C-organic content and more stabile compared with farmyard manure application. It indicated that biochar was potential for sequenstration of CO2, increased micro pores and soil water retention. Water holding capacity of biochar treatment was higher than PKA (application farmyard manure only for one season) and control. Maize plants showed positive response to biochar applications. Seed yield of maize for three cyles of seasons were 5,54 t/ha, 5,51 t/ha for BTK and BKS, repectively. Application of manure each season, application of farmyard manure at one season and control treatments yielded 5,62, 5,36 and 4,83 t/ha of maize seed, respectivel

LIMPASAN PERMUKAAN DAN EROSI TANAH SETELAH SEPULUH TAHUN MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM TANAMAN LORONG

Field experiments had been carried out to study the effect of 10 years alley cropping system on surface run off and soil erosion. Experiments were carried out on Alfisols at Jatikerto, Malang and on Vertisols at Ngrimbi, Jombang, East Java. The results showed that after 10 years planting tree crops and or grass as hedgerow in between food crops very efeective to decrease surface run off and soil erosion. After 10 years of planting the tree crops, the alley cropping system could decrease surface run off and soil erosion more than 40% (compared to that of the non alley cropping system) At the same time, soil erosion decrease up to 60% of the non alley treatment. The use grass as hedgerow crops yielded a better result, in term of surface run off and soil erosion. A comparison between tree species, Flemingia and Gliricidia are better than Leucaen

KEMANTAPAN AGREGAT SETELAH APLIKASI BIOCHAR DI TANAH LEMPUNG BERPASIR PADA PERTANAMAN JAGUNG DI LAHAN KERING KABUPATEN LOMBOK UTARA

Evaluation of changeable agregat stability was done almost one year after application of biochar during rainy season 2010/2011 of three cyles maize planting in dryland of North Lombok. Three points of undisturbed soil samples in depth 0-20 cm were collected one month after maize harvest of previously addedbiochar land. Site of soil sample was treated by application of organic matter consisting of biochar coconut hust (BTK), biochar cow manure (BKS), one season application of manure (PKA), each season aplication of manure (PkB) and control (K : without soil amandement). The results showed that after one year application of biochar increased the limited value stability of soil agregat. The value was 61,37% and 61,18% for BTK and BTS, respectivel, while for treatment of PkA, PkB dan control gave value 58,44%, 66,62% and 57,11%. Increasing stability of soil agregat after application of organic soil amandement positively correlated with i the increase of soil organic and water soil retention. Therefore, experiment suggested that modification is needed for application biochar and manure in long period of maize cropping pattern in dryland of North Lombo

Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the potential of three wild plant species for phytoextraction of mercury from small-scale gold mine tailings

A study that was aimed to explore the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi inoculation on the potential of wild plant species (Paspalum conjugatum, Cyperus kyllingia, and Lindernia crustacea) for phytoextraction of mercury from small-scale gold mine tailings was conducted in a glasshouse. Each of the plant seedlings was planted in a plastic pot containing 10 kg of planting medium (mixture of tailings and compost; 50%: 50% by weight). Treatments tested were three plant species and doses of AM fungi inoculation, i.e. 0 and 30 spores/plant. At harvest of 63 days, plant shoot and root were analyzed for mercury concentration. The remaining planting media in the pots were used for growing maize for 84 days. The results showed that the most potential plant species for phytoextraction of mercury was Paspalum conjugatum, while the most mercury tolerant plant was Cyperus kyllingia. Without AM fungi inoculation, the highest accumulation of mercury (44.87 mg/kg) was found in the root of Paspalum conjugatum. If AM fungi were inoculated, the highest accumulation of mercury (56.30 mg/kg) was also found in the shoot of Paspalum conjugatum. Results of the second experiment proved that the growth and biomass production of maize after mycophytoextraction by the plant species were higher than those of maize grown on media without mycophytoextraction of mercury

PENGARUH UMUR DAN SISTIM PENANAMAN AKAR WANGI (Vetiveria zizanioides L.) DALAM PERBAIKAN KUALITAS LIMBAH CAIR PABRIK TAPIOKA

A series of experiment had been conducted to elucidate the effects of age and planting system of fragrant root (Vetiveria zizanoides) in improving quality of tapioca industry liquid waste. Eight treatments generated from two planting systems, i.e. hydroponics system (To) and wetland system (T1), and four levels of plant age, i.e. 7 days after planting (LiV1), 45 days after planting (L1V45), 60 days after planting (L1V60), and 75 days after planting (L1V75), were arranged in a randomized block design with three replicates. pH, BOD, COD, DO and CN values were measured periodically for 61 days. Results of the study showed that various age of fragrant root plant were capable of reducing BOD, COD and CN concentrations, as well as increasing DO concentration and pH value for the two planting systems. During remediation process, the LiV75 treatment at wetland system produced better quality of tapioca liquid waste than that of hydroponics syste

PENGGUNAAN TANAMAN Vetiveria zizanoides L. DAN BIOCHAR UNTUK REMEDIASI LAHAN PERTANIAN TERCEMAR LIMBAH TAMBANG EMAS

Degradation of agricultural soils is not only due to application of over dose fertilizers and pesticides, but also industrial and mining activities. In Indonesia there are 713 spots of small scale gold mining surrounding agricultural land, and the process of amalgation is potential for heavy metal pollution. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of Vetiveria zizanoides L and biochar to remediate soils contaminated with small scale gold mine tailings containing Hg and Pb.. The results indicated that soil pH decreased from 9,1 to 6-7 due to micing FeSO4 into cow manure and biochar, and also increased soil C-organic, N, P, K and CEC. Vietiveria zizanoides grown in the tailing medida showed capability to absorb Hg and Pb from the soil and stored in the root (Hg 88,91% and Pb 51,17%), leaves (Hg 11.09% and Pb 48.83%