1,068 research outputs found
Theory and simulations of relativistic particle motions in a magnetosonic shock wave
The motions of relativistic particles in a magnetosonic shock wave propagatingobliquely to an external magnetic field are studied. In the zeroth-ordertheory, particles continue to move nearly parallel to the external magnetic field inthe shock transition region, when the shock speed is close to c cos θ, where c is thespeed of light and θ is the propagation angle. Perturbations to this zeroth-ordermotion are also analyzed for positrons and ions. The perturbation frequency ofpositrons is ω ? Ωp0γ?1 and that of ions is ω ? Ωi0γ?1/2, where Ωp0 and Ωi0 arethe non-relativistic gyrofrequencies of positrons and of ions, respectively, and γis the Lorentz factor. These theoretical predictions are confirmed with numericalsimulations
Entanglement of orbital angular momentum states between an ensemble of cold atoms and a photon
Recently, atomic ensemble and single photons were successfully entangled by
using collective enhancement [D. N. Matsukevich, \textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev.
Lett. \textbf{95}, 040405(2005).], where atomic internal states and photonic
polarization states were correlated in nonlocal manner. Here we experimentally
clarified that in an ensemble of atoms and a photon system, there also exists
an entanglement concerned with spatial degrees of freedom. Generation of
higher-dimensional entanglement between remote atomic ensemble and an
application to condensed matter physics are also discussed.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Fabrication of nickel oxide and Ni-doped indium tin oxide thin films using pyrosol process
ArticleTHIN SOLID FILMS. 498(1-2): 240-243journal articl
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