Native larval parasitoids (Hymenoptera) of Frugivorous Tephritoidea (Kiptera) in South Pantanal, Brazil.

El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la incidencia de los parasitoides (Hymenoptera) sobre larvara de tephritidae (moscas de la fruta) y los Lonchacidae frugivoros, en varias especies frutiferas nativas y exoticas en el Pantal sur Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Noventa Y dos especies de frutas de 36 familias y 22 órdenes fueron evaluadas..

Behind the Intents: An In-depth Empirical Study on Software Refactoring in Modern Code Review

Code refactorings are of pivotal importance in modern code review. Developers may preserve, revisit, add or undo refactorings through changes’ revisions. Their goal is to certify that the driving intent of a code change is properly achieved. Developers’ intents behind refactorings may vary from pure structural improvement to facilitating feature additions and bug fixes. However, there is little understanding of the refactoring practices performed by developers during the code review process. It is also unclear whether the developers’ intents influence the selection, composition, and evolution of refactorings during the review of a code change. Through mining 1,780 reviewed code changes from 6 systems pertaining to two large open-source communities, we report the first in-depth empirical study on software refactoring during code review. We inspected and classified the developers’ intents behind each code change into 7 distinct categories. By analyzing data generated during the complete reviewing process, we observe: (i) how refactorings are selected, composed and evolved throughout each code change, and (ii) how developers’ intents are related to these decisions. For instance, our analysis shows developers regularly apply non-trivial sequences of refactorings that crosscut multiple code elements (i.e., widely scattered in the program) to support a single feature addition. Moreover, we observed that new developers’ intents commonly emerge during the code review process, influencing how developers select and compose their refactorings to achieve the new and adapted goals. Finally, we provide an enriched dataset that allows researchers to investigate the context and motivations behind refactoring operations during the code review process

Sistemas de plantio e produtividade do capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum).

bitstream/item/34010/1/CPATU-CirTec53.pd

Produção de matéria seca da palhada em diferentes sistemas de preparo de solo e sucessão de culturas.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção de matéria seca das culturas cultivadas em diferentes sistemas de preparo do solo e plantio e sequências de culturas. O experimento foi instalado em um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo em julho de 2007, no campus experimental do Curso de Agronomia da Universidade Federal de Rondônia - UNIR. O experimento foi instalado em esquema fatorial 4x4, onde, os tratamentos do fator de preparo de solo com diferentes níveis de mobilização, foram: 1- PRT - preparo tradicional (uma operação com grade aradora e uma com grade niveladora), 2 - PRA - preparo alternativo (uma operação de subsolagem), 3 - PDA - plantio direto com um preparo alternativo a cada quatro anos e 4 - PDC - plantio direto contínuo. Os tratamentos do fator seqüência de culturasem safra/safrinha, foram: 1) S/F: soja - feijão; 2) M/F: milho - feijão; 3) S/M: soja - milho; 4) M/M: milho - milho. Na análise conjunta para os resultados da produção e conservação de palhada produzida pelas culturas, não houve diferença estatística para a interação entre os tratamentos, porém as médias da sucessão M/F e M/M e do PDC e PDA apresentaram maiores valores

Hidrogenionic potential (pH) of the attractant, trap density and control threshold for Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: tephritidae) on Hamlin oranges in São Paulo central region, Brazil

This study evaluated the effect of initial pH values of 4.5, 6.5 and 8.5 of the attractant (protein bait) Milhocina® and borax (sodium borate) in the feld, on the capture of fruit flies in McPhail traps, using 1, 2, 4 and 8 traps per hectare, in order to estimate control thresholds in a Hamlin orange grove in the central region of the state of São Paulo. The most abundant fruit fly species was Ceratitis capitata, comprising almost 99% of the fruit flies captured, of which 80% were females. The largest captures of C. capitata were found in traps baited with Milhocina® and borax at pH 8.5. Captures per trap for the four densities were similar, indicating that the population can be estimated with one trap per hectare in areas with high populations. It was found positive relationships between captures of C. capitata and the number of Hamlin oranges damaged, 2 and 3 weeks after capture. It was obtained equations that correlate captures and damage levels which can be used to estimate control thresholds. The average loss caused in Hamlin orange fruits by C. capitata was 2.5 tons per hectare or 7.5% of production.Esta pesquisa teve como objetivos: avaliar o efeito do pH inicial, 4.5; 6.5 e 8.5, do atrativo proteico Milhocina® e bórax (tetraborato de sódio) na captura de moscas-das-frutas em armadilhas McPhail; estudar densidades de armadilhas, 1; 2; 4 e 8 por hectare, para estimar níveis de controle em laranja cv. Hamlin, na região central de São Paulo. A espécie predominante, com 99% das moscas-das-frutas capturadas, foi Ceratitis capitata, sendo 80% de fêmeas. As maiores capturas de C. capitata ocorreram nas armadilhas com Milhocina® e bórax em pH 8.5. As capturas, nas 4 densidades, foram semelhantes, indicando que a população pode ser estimada com uma armadilha por hectare em áreas de altas populações. Houve relações positivas entre capturas de C. capitata e o número de frutos danificados, 2 e 3 semanas após a captura. Assim, foram obtidas equações que relacionam a captura e o dano, possibilitando estimar níveis de controle desse inseto. As perdas médias causadas por C. capitata em laranja cv. Hamlin chegaram a 2,5 toneladas de frutos por hectare ou 7,5% da produção.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

To evaluate the quality of life of family caregivers of patients with knee osteoarthritis

Introduction: The demographic situation in Brazil has changed with the elderly, increasing the need for caregivers to help with their daily activities. The tasks assigned to the caregiver can lead to physical and emotional exhaustion. Objective: To evaluate the quality of life of family caregivers of patients with knee osteoarthritis. Method: This is an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted at a school clinic and at the hospital outpatient clinic in Recife. Caregivers of both sexes, aged between 18 and 70 years, were included, and those with cognitive deficits were excluded. Participants signed the informed consent form. Questionnaires were then applied: Socio-clinical, SF-36 and WHOQOL-BREF. Results: Nine caregivers were evaluated, the majority female (66.7%), mean age 51.44 ± 9.88 years, 66.7% did not practice physical activity and BMI of 25.39 ± 5.79. Of these, 66.7% are children, with associated diseases and similar to high school. No SF-36 questionnaire, as well as no WHOQOL-BREF, a moderate to good quality of life. In the linear correlation of Pessoa, there was a positive association between WHOQOL-BREF and SF-36. Conclusion: it was verified that the caregivers presented moderate to very good quality of life, such as the good relationship between the couple

Resistance of new Coffea canephora clones to root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in the western amazon.

Root-knot disease is among the main diseases affecting coffee crop. The plant selection to the development new resistant cultivars is among one the most efficient methods of control. The present work aimed to quantify the resistance responses of Coffea canephora clones to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in the Western Amazon. For this, 17 previously selected clones were evaluated in three experimental trials, carried out in the municipalities of Ji-Paraná and Porto Velho, Rondônia. The resistance to root-knot nematodes M. incognita were evaluated by the numbers of gall in the roots (NG) and by the reproductive factor (RF). The resistance response was also interpreted according the genetic diversity of the clones based in their morphological traits. The clones BRS3210, C12, BRS2314, BRS3137 and BRS1216 are resistant to M. incognita with RF of 0.34, 0.62, 0.79, 0.86 and 0.98, respectively. BRS3213, C125, C15, BRS2336, BRS3220 and C09 clones were classified as susceptible, with RF of 1.93, 1.95, 2.00, 2.31, 2.32 and 2.35. The BRS3193, C160 and BRS2357 clones were classified as very susceptible, with RF values of 3.03, 4.41 and 5.82, respectively. The clustering based on the genetic diversity of morphological traits indicated that genotypes more similar to the Robusta botanic variety had lower RF. The hybrid plants showed intermediate degrees of resistance indicating the segregation for the character of the M. incognita resistance. The clones BRS3210, C12, BRS2299, BRS2314, BRS3137 and BRS1216 expressed resistance responses to M. incognita with potential for growing resistant genotypes in the Western Amazon

Tratamento do coco verde para exportação com ênfase no controle da podridão-basal-pós-colheita.

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