Multiple causes of death in old age

What is known about the nature of fatal diseases and injuries is based largely upon the tradition of identifying a single condition present at death as the underlying cause. As stated on the U .S. Standard ertificate of Death, the underlying cause is considered to be the disease or injury that initiated events resulting in death (http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/dvs/DEATHn-03final-ACC.pdf).by Yelena Gorina and Harold Lentzner.1917485

HIV risk-related behaviors in the United States household population aged 15-44 years: data from the National survey of family growth, 2002 and 2006-2010

OBJECTIVE: This report presents national estimates of selected HIV risk-related behaviors among men and women 15-44 years of age in the United States, based on the 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG). Data from the 2006-2010 NSFG are compared with data from the 2002 NSFG. METHODS: Data for 2006-2010 were collected through in-person interviews with a national sample of 22,682 men and women aged 15-44 years in the household population of the United States. The measures presented in this report were collected using audio computer-assisted self-interviewing (ACASI), in which the respondent enters his or her own answers into the computer without telling them to an interviewer. The response rate for the 2006-2010 NSFG was 77%, 78% for women and 75% for men. HIV risk-related behavioral measures examined in this report include sexual risk, drug risk, and recent STD treatment. RESULTS: Approximately 10% of men and 8% of women in 2006-2010 reported at least one of the HIV risk-related behavioral measures examined in this report, representing 6.5 million men and 4.9 million women in the general U.S. household population. This represents a decline from the 13% of men and 11% of women who reported one or more of these measures in 2002. This decline appears to be due to a decrease in sexual risk behaviors reported in 2006-2010, however further analysis as well as comparisons with other household surveys are needed to fully understand and describe trends over time. Significant variations were seen by demographic and socioeconomic characteristics including age, race and Hispanic origin, sex, education, and poverty level income. Among men, those with recent prison experience were more likely than other men to report one or more HIV risk-related behaviors in the past year.by Anjani Chandra, Veena G. Billioux, Casey E. Copen, National Center for Health Statsitics ; Catlainn Sionean, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepititis, STD, and TB Prevention.Title from title screen (viewed on Feb. 24, 2012)."January 19, 2012."Includes bibliographical references (p. 10-12)

Trends in adults receiving a recommendation for exercise or other physical activity from a physician or other health professional

The Healthy People 2020 objectives for physical activity include two objectives for increasing the proportion of physician office visits that include counseling or education related to exercise (see http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/default.aspx). Physician counseling for exercise has not previously been tracked by the Healthy People initiative. The present report looks at this emerging health issue from the vantage point of adults in the general population who had seen a physician or other health professional in the past 12 months and had been advised to begin or continue to do exercise or other physical activity. About 8 in 10 adults had seen a health professional in the past 12 months during 2000 (80.6%), 2005 (81.2%), and 2010 (79.8%), although estimates varied by demographic subgroups (10\ue2\u20ac\u201c12). Over time, estimates of the percentage of adults being advised to exercise could be influenced by major changes in the characteristics of adults seeing a health professional. In 2010, about one in three adults (32.4%) who had seen a physician or other health professional in the past year had been advised to exercise or do other physical activity, which reflects an upward trend since 2000, moving in the direction of meeting Healthy People 2020 goals. In relative terms, there has been more than a 40% increase\ue2\u20ac\u201dfrom 22.6% of adults in 2000 to 32.4% in 2010. Although increases were noted for every population and health condition group studied, these increases were larger for some groups than others. The increase in the percentage of adults receiving exercise advice is particularly noteworthy for the oldest age group. In 2000, 15.3% of adults aged 85 and over had been advised to exercise; by 2010, the percentage had increased to 28.9%. Across the chronic health conditions studied, adults with diabetes were the most likely, and those with cancer were the least likely, to have been advised by their physician to exercise. An upward trend of 8\ue2\u20ac\u201c10 percentage points, however, was seen among adults with each of the chronic diseases examined. Adults who were overweight or obese saw among the largest increases over the decade in the percentage receiving a physician\ue2\u20ac\u2122s advice to exercise. The percentage of healthy weight adults receiving exercise advice also increased over the decade, but to a lesser extent. Trends over the past 10 years suggest that the medical community is increasing its efforts to recommend participation in exercise and other physical activity that research has shown to be associated with substantial health benefits. Still, the prevalence of receiving this advice remains well below one-half of U.S. adults and varies substantially across population subgroups.Patricia M. Barnes, and Charlotte A. Schoenborn.Title from title title screen (viewed on April 16, 2012)."February 2012."Includes bibliographical references (p. 7)

Trends in influenza and pneumonia among older persons in the United States

by Yelena Gorina, Tanika Kelly, James Lubiz, and Zahiyah Hines.Title from title screen (viewed on Dec. 22, 2008)."February 2008.""Table 1 has been updated as of April 9, 2008."Mode of access: Internet from the NCHS web site. Address as of 12/22/08: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/ahcd/agingtrends/08influenza.pdf; current access available via PURL.Includes bibliographical references (p. 10-11)

Urban and rural health chartbook

Also issued as part of Health, United States, 2001, with urban and rural health chartbook."August 2001.""The Urban and Rural Health Chartbook was prepared by Mark S. Eberhardt, Deborah D. Ingram, Diane M. Makuc, Elsie R. Pamuk, Virginia M. Freid, Sam B. Harper, Charlotte A. Schoenborn, and Henry Xia." - P. v.Also available via the World Wide Web.Includes bibliographical references (p. 88-91).Eberhardt MS, Ingram DD, Makuc DM, et al. Urban and Rural Health Chartbook. Health, United States, 2001. Hyattsville, Maryland: National Center for Health Statistics. 200

Executive summary of the low birthweight workshop 1994

Title from title screen (viewed on Oct. 19, 2010).Mode of access: Internet from the NCHS web site. Address as of 3/6/07: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/misc/lbwork.pdfIncludes bibliographical references (p. 11-14).Prepared under professional services contract #0009430587 Project # NM93.

Public health GIS news and information

This document consists of the aggregated reports from the CDC/ATSDR GIS Users Group (edited by Charles Croner) for the period 1994-1997, entitled GIS news and information (Vol. 1, no. 1, October 1994-no. 12, October 1996) and Public health GIS news and information, no. 13, Dec. 19960-no. 18, October 1997.Charles M. Croner."January 1998."Includes bibliographical references

Family out-of-pocket health expenses, United States, 1975

Statistics on the annual out-of-pocket health expenses during 1975 of families and unrelated individuals, by type of expense, type of family unit, proportion of family units with no expense, and intervals of expense. Total family unit expenses are distributed by color and family income. Based on data collected by self-enumeration during January-March 1976.[Charles S. Wilder].Includes bibliographical references

Parent ratings of behavioral patterns of children, United States

Specific behaviors, traits, degrees of responsibility, and use of "leisure" time of children by age and sex.[by Jean Roberts and James T. Baird, Jr.].Includes bibliographical references

Statistical methodology of the National Immunization Survey, 1994-2002

OBJECTIVES: Since 1994 the National Immunization Survey (NIS) has monitored progress toward the Healthy People 2000 and 2010 vaccination goals. The NIS collects data in two phases: first, a random-digit-dialing (RDD) telephone survey to identify households with children 19-35 months old and, second, a mail survey to vaccination providers to obtain vaccination histories used to estimate vaccination coverage rates. This report reviews the methodologies used in the 1994-2002 NIS to obtain official estimates of vaccination coverage and describes the methodology used for the first three topical modules of the NIS. METHODS: From 1994 to 1997 the NIS used a variation of a two-phase estimator to compensate for missing provider-reported vaccination histories. Between 1998 and 2001 a weighting-class estimator was used. In 2002 and thereafter the weighting-class approach was refined to account for households that do not have telephones and for unvaccinated children. To collect data on immunization-related topics, the NIS sample was randomized among three topical modules: health insurance and ability to pay for vaccinations (HIM); parental knowledge and experiences about vaccinations (PKM); and daycare attendance, breastfeeding practices, and participation in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (DCM). RESULTS: In 2001 among children with completed RDD interviews, 0.3 percent were entirely unvaccinated. Together, the new nontelephone adjustment and the refinement for unvaccinated children yielded revised estimates that were within 1.5 percentage points of the original estimates obtained using the 1998-2001 methodology. Over the six quarters during which the first three topical modules were fielded (from mid-2001 through 2002), 21,163 children were randomized to the HIM, 3576 to the PKM, and 3511 to the DCM.--Background and outline -- Sampling design, questionnaires, and response rates -- Estimation methodology -- The first three topical modules, 2001 -- Public-use files.by Philip J. Smith, David C. Hoaglin, Michael P. Battaglia, Meena Khare, Lawrence E. BarkerAlso available via the World Wide Web.Includes bibliographical references