Guidelines for school health programs to promote lifelong healthy eating

"Healthy eating patterns in childhood and adolescence promote optimal childhood health, growth, and intellectual development; prevent immediate health problems, such as iron deficiency anemia, obesity, eating disorders, and dental caries; and may prevent long-term health problems, such as coronary heart disease, cancer, and stroke. School health programs can help children and adolescents attain full educational potential and good health by providing them with the skills, social support, and environmental reinforcement they need to adopt long-term, healthy eating behaviors. This report summarizes strategies most likely to be effective in promoting healthy eating among school-age youths and provides nutrition education guidelines for a comprehensive school health program. These guidelines are based on a review of research, theory, and current practice, and they were developed by CDC in collaboration with experts from universities and from national, federal, and voluntary agencies. The guidelines include recommendations on seven aspects of a school-based program to promote healthy eating: school policy on nutrition, a sequential, coordinated curriculum, appropriate instruction for students, integration of school food service and nutrition education, staff training; family and community involvement, and program evaluation." - p. 1Cover title."June 14, 1996."Shelley Evans, Jeannie McKenzie, Barbara Shannon, Howell Wechsler assisted in the preparation of this report.Also available via the World Wide Web.Includes bibliographical references (p. 23-33)

School health guidelines to prevent unintentional injuries and violence

"Approximately two thirds of all deaths among children and adolescents aged 5-19 years result from injury-related causes: motor-vehicle crashes, all other unintentional injuries, homicide, and suicide. Schools have a responsibility to prevent injuries from occurring on school property and at school-sponsored events. In addition, schools can teach students the skills needed to promote safety and prevent unintentional injuries, violence, and suicide while at home, at work, at play, in the community, and throughout their lives. This report summarizes school health recommendations for preventing unintentional injury, violence, and suicide among young persons. These guidelines were developed by CDC in collaboration with specialists from universities and from national, federal, state, local, and voluntary agencies and organizations. They are based on an in-depth review of research, theory, and current practice in unintentional injury, violence, and suicide prevention; health education; and public health. Every recommendation is not appropriate or feasible for every school to implement. Schools should determine which recommendations have the highest priority based on the needs of the school and available resources. The guidelines include recommendations related to the following eight aspects of school health efforts to prevent unintentional injury, violence, and suicide: a social environment that promotes safety; a safe physical environment; health education curricula and instruction; safe physical education, sports, and recreational activities; health, counseling, psychological, and social services for students; appropriate crisis and emergency response; involvement of families and communities; and staff development to promote safety and prevent unintentional injuries, violence, and suicide."The following CDC staff members prepared this report: Lisa C. Barrios, Margarett K. Davis, Laura Kann (National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (U.S.). Division of Adolescent and School Health),Sujata Desai, James A. Mercy, LeRoy E. Reese (National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (U.S.). Division of Violence Prevention), David A. Sleet (National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (U.S.). Division of Unintentional Injury Prevention), Daniel M. Sosin (Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (U.S.). Epidemiology Program Office).Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-64).11770577Injury Prevention and ControlPrevention and ControlCurren

USPHS/IDSA guidelines for the prevention of opportunistic infections in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus: a summary

"July 14, 1995."This issue of MMWR Recommendations and Reports (Vol. 44, No. RR-8) is excerpted from the USPHS/IDSA Guidelines for the Prevention of Opportunistic Infections in Persons Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus, to be published in a supplement to Clinical Infectious Diseases in August 1995.Prepared by Jonathan E. Kaplan, Henry Masur, King K. Holmes.Includes bibliographical references (p. 34)

WNV fact sheet

"West Nile virus (WNV) is a potentially serious illness. Experts believe WNV is established as a seasonal epidemic in North America that flares up in the summer and continues into the fall. This fact sheet contains important information that can help you recognize and prevent West Nile virus." - p. 1"September 27, 2005."System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader.Mode of access: Internet from the CDC web site as an Acrobat .pdf file (101.82 KB, 2 p.)

Healthy water

This document should only serve as a guide for individuals intending to use untreated or poorly treated water as a drinking water source. This document may also aid travelers and backcountry water users in researching drinking water treatment methods. Except for boiling, few of the water treatment methods are 100% effective in removing all pathogens. REMEMBER: If boiling water is not a feasible option, the most effective pathogen reduction method in untreated or poorly treated drinking water is a combination treatment, using the appropriate filtration and disinfection methods.Last updated February 20, 2009.Healthy water.Called also: A Guide to drinking water treatment and sanitation for backcountry & travel use.Mode of access: World Wide Web as an Acrobat .pdf file (869.82 KB, 1 p.).Text document (PDF)

Report of the NIH Panel to Define Principles of Therapy of HIV Infection

Report of the NIH Panel to Define Principles of Therapy of HIV Infection: Recent research advances have afforded substantially improved understanding of the biology of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the pathogenesis of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). With the advent of sensitive tools for monitoring HIV replication in infected persons, the risk of disease progression and death can be assessed accurately and the efficacy of anti-HIV therapies can be determined directly. Furthermore, when used appropriately, combinations of newly available, potent antiviral therapies can effect prolonged suppression of detectable levels of HIV replication and circumvent the inherent tendency of HIV to generate drug-resistant viral variants. However, as antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection has become increasingly effective, it has also become increasingly complex. Familiarity with recent research advances is needed to ensure that newly available therapies are used in ways that most effectively improve the health and prolong the lives of HIV-infected persons. To enable practitioners and HIV-infected persons to best use rapidly accumulating new information about HIV disease pathogenesis and treatment, the Office of AIDS Research of the National Institutes of Health sponsored the NIH Panel to Define Principles of Therapy of HIV Infection. This Panel was asked to define essential scientific principles that should be used to guide the most effective use of antiretroviral therapies and viral load testing in clinical practice. Based on detailed consideration of the most current data, the Panel delineated eleven principles that address issues of fundamental importance for the treatment of HIV infection. These principles provide the scientific basis for the specific treatment recommendations made by the Panel on Clinical Practices for the Treatment of HIV Infection sponsored by the Department of Health and Human Services and the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. The reports of both of these panels are provided in this publication. Together, they summarize new dta and provide both the scientific basis and specific guidelines for the treatment of HIV-infected persons. This information will be of interest to health-care providers, HIV-infected persons, HIV/AIDS educators, public health educators, public health authorities, and all organizations that fund medical care of HIV-infected persons.Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in HIV-infected adults and adolescents: With the development and FDA approval of an increasing number of antiretroviral agents, decisions regarding the treatment of HIV-infected persons have become complex; and the field continues to evolve rapidly. In 1996, the Department of Health and Human Services and the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation convened the Panel on Clinical Practices for the Treatment of HIV to develop guidelines for the clinical management of HIV-infected persons. This report includes the guidelines developed by the Panel regarding the use of laboratory testing in initiating and managing antiretroviral therapy, considerations for initiating therapy, whom to treat, what regimen of antiretroviral agents to use, when to change the antiretroviral regimen, treatment of the acutely HIV-infected person, special considerations in adolescents, and special considerations in pregnant women. Viral load and CD4+ T cell testing should ideally be performed twice before initiating or changing an antiretroviral treatment regimen. All patients who have advanced or symptomatic HIV disease should receive aggressive antiretroviral therapy. Initiation of therapy in the asymptomatic person is more complex and involves consideration of multiple virologic, immunologic, and psychosocial factors. In general, persons who have 500 CD4+ T cells per mm3 can be observed or can be offered therapy; again, risk of progression to AIDS, as determined by HIV RNA viremia and CD4+ T cell count, should guide the decision to treat. Once the decision to initiate antiretroviral therapy has been made, treatment should be aggressive with the goal of maximal viral suppression. In general, a protease inhibitor and two nucleoside [corrected] reverse transcriptase inhibitors should be used initially. Other regimens may be utilized but are considered less than optimal Many factors, including reappearance of previously undetectable HIV RNA, may indicate treatment failure. Decisions to change therapy and decisions regarding new regimens must be carefully considered; there are minimal clinical data to guide these decisions. Patients with acute HIV infection should probably be administered aggressive antiretroviral therapy; once initiated, duration of treatment is unknown and will likely need to continue for several years, if not for life. Special considerations apply to adolescents and pregnant women and are discussed in detail.Report of the NIH Panel to Define Principles of Therapy of HIV Infection / the material in this report was prepared for publication by: Mark B. Feinberg, Office of AIDS Research, National Institutes of Health, in collaboration with Jonathan E. Kaplan, Division of AIDS, STD, and TB Laboratory Research, National Center for Infectious Diseases and Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention\ue2\u20ac\u201cSurveillance, and Epidemiology, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention -- Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in HIV-infected adults and adolescents / the material in this report was prepared for publication by Sharilyn K. Stanley, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, in collaboration with Jonathan E. Kaplan, Division of AIDS, STD, and TB Laboratory Research, National Center for Infectious Diseases and Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention\ue2\u20ac\u201cSurveillance, and Epidemiology, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention.April 24, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (p. 27-32 and p. 63-65)

Report to Congress on internal laboratory activities of CDC and associated funding levels

Thomas R. Frieden."5/8/2012" - date from document propertiesTitle from title frame of pdf file; viewed 29 May 2012."In Senate Report 112-84, which accompanied the Fiscal Year (FY) 2012 appropriations bill for the U.S. Departments of Health and Human Services, Labor, Education, and related agencies, the Senate Committee on Appropriations stated, 'The Committee requests a report to Congress no later than 120 days after the enactment of this act that details CDC's various internal laboratory activities and associated funding levels.' The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has prepared this report in response to the committee's request. The body of the report is organized into 21 sections that correspond with the standard format of the CDC budget documents with which the Committee is familiar. Each section addresses a specific CDC budget activity and its associated internal laboratory activities. The report encompasses the majority of CDC's laboratory activities. Relevant definitions and descriptions of laboratory activities not addressed appear in the Explanation and Definition of CDC's Laboratory Activities section that follows." - p. [1]Mode of access: Internet via the World Wide Web as an Acrobat .pdf file (1.94 MB, 49 p.)