A Randomized, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy Study of Glycopyrrolate/Formoterol Fumarate Metered Dose Inhaler Relative to Umeclidinium/Vilanterol Dry Powder Inhaler in COPD

International audienceGlycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate metered dose inhaler (GFF MDI), formulated using co-suspension delivery technology, is the only approved fixed-dose combination long-acting muscarinic antagonist/long-acting β2-agonist (LAMA/LABA) delivered via MDI. Direct comparisons of GFF MDI versus other LAMA/LABAs have not previously been performed. We assessed the efficacy and safety of GFF MDI relative to umeclidinium/vilanterol dry powder inhaler (UV DPI) in patients with moderate-to-very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).NCT03162055 (Clinicaltrials.gov) FUNDING: AstraZeneca

Millimeter-wave monolithic integrated circuits and modules for safety and security applications

Metamorphic high electron mobility transistor (mHEMT) technologies with 100, 50, and 35 nm gate lengths have been developed at Fraunhofer IAF for operation in the millimeter-wave frequency range up to 600 GHz. Based on these technologies, a variety of multifunctional millimeter-wave and submillimeter-wave monolithic integrated circuits (MMICs and S-MMICs) has been realized. To demonstrate the potential of these technologies, this paper presents some examples of S-MMICs developed for use in next generation systems for safety and security applications: a 460 GHz amplifier and a 300 GHz heterodyne receiver. Furthermore, a complete 94 GHz imaging system for materials testing and concealed object detection is presented

Are Household Production Decisions Cooperative? Evidence on Pastoral Migration and Milk Sales from Northern Kenya

Market-based development efforts frequently create opportunities to generate income from goods previously produced and consumed within the household. Production within the household is often characterized by a gender and age division of labor. Market development efforts to improve well-being may lead to unanticipated outcomes if household production decisions are noncooperative. We develop and test models of household decision making to investigate intrahousehold decision making in a nomadic pastoral setting from Kenya. Our results suggest that household decisions are contested, with husbands using migration decisions to resist wives' ability to market milk. Copyright 2006, Oxford University Press.