A Quantitative Survey on the knowledge and use of Contraceptive among women in Delta State, Nigeria

This study examines the knowledge and use of contraceptive amongst women in Oghara, Delta, State, Nigeria. The objectives of the study include: to determine the demographic variables that impact on the knowledge and usage of Contraceptive among women, to identify the medium adopted to acquire knowledge of Contraceptive among women,and to ascertain the Contraceptive method used by women. The source of data for the study was the primary source of data collection with the aid of a questionnaire administered to the target population. The statistical tools used in this study were the Logistic regression analysis and Descriptive Statistics. The findings of the study for the descriptive analysis of the demographic responses showed that majority of the respondents were aged 30-34 while the majority of the respondents were married, the majority of the respondents had secondary education. It was found that the overall misclassification rate of knowledge of contraceptive among the respondents was 38.2% while the overall misclassification on use of contraceptive was 17.3% which implies that the response from the respondents on knowledge and use of contraceptive were reliable. Also, findings showed that demographic variables such as Age of respondents and response on the desired number of children contributed significantly to the status of knowledge of contraceptive amongst women. Further findings revealed that demographic variables such as Marital Status of respondents, Religion, and the highest level of education contributed significantly to the status of use of contraceptives amongst women

Sonographic determination of spleen to left kidney ratio among Igbo school age children of south east Nigeria.

Background: Clinical determination of mild splenomegaly is notoriously inaccurate. Objectives:To determine sonographically the spleen to left kidney ratio according to age and somatometric parameters among school age children in a tropical environment. Methods: A cross sectional study and convenience sampling were done on 947 apparently healthy subjects (496 boys and 451 girls) aged 6 - 17 years at the University of Nigeria Medical Centre, Nsukka. The sonographic examination was per-formed on Shenzhen DP-1100 machine with 3.5 and 5 MHz convex transducers. Spleen and left kidney lengths were ob-tained using appropriate techniques. The weight and height of the subjects were obtained with the participants wearing light weight street clothes without shoes. Results:Measurement of spleen and left kidney lengths were reliable within and between sonographers. The spleen and left kidney lengths were not statistically different in boys and girls (p > 0.05). The spleen to left kidney ratio according to age and somatometric parameters is constant at about 1.13 with 1.3 as the upper limit of normal in the studied population. Conclusion: Sonography can be used to detect mild splenomegaly if the spleen to left kidney ratio is greater than 1.3 in the absence of renal disease among school age children

Sonographic biometry of spleen among school age children in Nsukka, Southeast, Nigeria

Background: Normative value of spleen size among school age children is important for objective assessment of the spleen. Objective: This study was aimed at determining sonographically the normal limits of the spleen size according to age, sex,and somatometric parameters among school age children. Methods: A cross sectional study was done on 947 apparently healthy subjects (496 boys and 451 girls) aged 6 - 17 years. The subjects were recruited from some primary and secondary schools within Nsukka metropolis and also from out patients in the study centre. A pilot study was done to determine the intra- and inter rater reliability of sonographic measurements of the spleen. The sonographic examination was performed on Shenzhen DP-1100 machine with 3.5 and 5 MHz convex transducers. Spleen sizes were obtained with the subject in a right lateral decubitus position. Results: Measurement of spleen length was reliable while measurement of spleen width was less reliable within and between sonographers. Dimensions of the spleen were not statistically different in boys and girls (p > 0.05). Height correlated best with spleen dimensions. Conclusion: Normogram of the spleen size with respect to height is important in the determination of some pathology associated with changes in its size