162 research outputs found

    Some remarks on Bianchi type-II, VIII and IX models

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    Within the scope of anisotropic non-diagonal Bianchi type-II, VIII and IX spacetime it is shown that the off-diagonal components of the corresponding metric impose severe restrictions on the components of the energy momentum tensor in general. If the energy momentum tensor is considered to be diagonal one, the spacetime, expect a partial case of BII, becomes locally rotationally symmetric.Comment: 8 page

    Expression of NRG1 and its receptors in human bladder cancer

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    BACKGROUND: Therapies targeting ERBB2 have shown success in the clinic. However, response is not determined solely by expression of ERBB2. Levels of ERBB3, its preferred heterodimerisation partner and ERBB ligands may also have a role. METHODS: We measured NRG1 expression by real-time quantitative RT–PCR and ERBB receptors by western blotting and immunohistochemistry in bladder tumours and cell lines. RESULTS: NRG1a and NRG1b showed significant coordinate expression. NRG1b was upregulated in 78 % of cell lines. In tumours, there was a greater range of expression with a trend towards increased NRG1a with higher stage and grade. Increased expression o

    Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda)

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    The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), originated from America but is reported recently from Africa and the Asia-Pacific. FAW has caused huge international concern since its outbreak in Africa since 2016 and in Asia since mid-2018. The chapter mainly reviews its global distribution, life cycle, identification characters, strains, host plants, nature of damage, economic damage, and integrated pest management strategies available. The pest completes its life cycle on maize in 30 days (in warm summer months); in cooler temperatures, it may extend up to 60–90 days. For effective management of fall armyworm, different tools, viz., cultural control, agronomic management, breeding for resistance, natural enemies, and eco-friendly insecticides, should be used in an integrated approach. As the insect is recently introduced to Africa and the Asia-Pacific, possible management strategies and future cases of action are discussed

    A study on the influence of process parameters on the Mechanical Properties of 3D printed ABS composite

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    Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies have been emerged as a fabrication method to obtain engineering components within a short span of time. Desktop 3D printing, also referred as additive layer manufacturing technology is one of the powerful method of rapid prototyping (RP) technique that fabricates three dimensional engineering components. In this method, 3D digital CAD data is converted directly to a product. In the present investigation, ABS + hydrous magnesium silicate composite was considered as the starting material. Mechanical properties of ABS + hydrous magnesium silicate composite material were evaluated. ASTM D638 and ASTM D760 standards were followed for carrying out tensile and flexural tests, respectively. Samples with different layer thickness and printing speed were prepared. Based on the experimental results, it is suggested that low printing speed, and low layer thickness has resulted maximum tensile and flexural strength, as compared to all the other process parameters samples

    Investigation on the mechanical properties of PLA & its composite fabricated through advanced fusion plastic modelling

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    Advanced Fusion plastic modelling (AFPM) based rapid prototyping (RP) technique was emerged as one of the potential Technologies for serving numerous three-dimensional product for tool design purposes. Primarily, Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) and Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) are the key materials used for RP purposes. However, a PLA based composite was developed for RP applications. In this paper, an effort was made to prepare a PLA composite using bronze and cellulose as an additive. The objective of the proposed PLA composites is to performe the mechanical properties such as tensile and flexural strength at varied AFPM parameters like nozzle diameter, layer thicknesses and printing speeds. Three PLA composites including natural PLA and PLA with cellulose and bronze additives was prepared. Here, efforts were made on optimised the mechanical properties with the different composites and printing. The tensile and flexural strength of the PLA and its composites samples have been examined and with the nozzle diameter of 0.4 mm, layer thickness of 0.2 mm and the printing speed of 30 mm/s exhibited natural PLA has better tensile and flexural strength properties. The results also confirmed that the addition of bronze and Cellulose as additive exhibits moderate strength mechanical than the natural PLA but it has a pourous nature because of the gas produced in the printing process
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