2,113 research outputs found
Lifetime Measurement of the 6s Level of Rubidium
We present a lifetime measurements of the 6s level of rubidium. We use a
time-correlated single-photon counting technique on two different samples of
rubidium atoms. A vapor cell with variable rubidium density and a sample of
atoms confined and cooled in a magneto-optical trap. The 5P_{1/2} level serves
as the resonant intermediate step for the two step excitation to the 6s level.
We detect the decay of the 6s level through the cascade fluorescence of the
5P_{3/2} level at 780 nm. The two samples have different systematic effects,
but we obtain consistent results that averaged give a lifetime of 45.57 +- 0.17
ns.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figure
Drip Paintings and Fractal Analysis
It has been claimed [1-6] that fractal analysis can be applied to
unambiguously characterize works of art such as the drip paintings of Jackson
Pollock. This academic issue has become of more general interest following the
recent discovery of a cache of disputed Pollock paintings. We definitively
demonstrate here, by analyzing paintings by Pollock and others, that fractal
criteria provide no information about artistic authenticity. This work has also
led to two new results in fractal analysis of more general scientific
significance. First, the composite of two fractals is not generally scale
invariant and exhibits complex multifractal scaling in the small distance
asymptotic limit. Second the statistics of box-counting and related staircases
provide a new way to characterize geometry and distinguish fractals from
Euclidean objects
Rural Health in Pharmacy Curricula
The 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act proposes strategies to address the workforce shortages of primary care practitioners in rural America. This review addresses the question, âWhat specialized education and training are colleges and schools of pharmacy providing for graduates who wish to enter pharmacy practice in rural health?â All colleges and schools accredited by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education or those in precandidate status as of December 2011 were included in an Internet-based review of Web sites. A wide scope of curricular offerings were found, ranging from no description of courses or experiences in a rural setting to formally developed programs in rural pharmacy. Although the number of pharmacy colleges and schools providing either elective or required courses in rural health is encouraging, more education and training with this focus are needed to help overcome the unmet need for quality pharmacy care for rural populations
'Mindless markers of the nation': The routine flagging of nationhood across the visual environment
The visual environment has increasingly been used as a lens with which to understand wider processes of social and economic change with studies employing in-depth qualitative approaches to focus on, for example, gentrification or trans-national networks. This exploratory paper offers an alternative perspective by using a novel method, quantitative photo mapping, to examine the extent to which a particular socio-cultural marker, the nation, is âflaggedâ across three contrasting sites in Britain. As a multi-national state with an increasingly diverse population, Britain offers a particularly fruitful case study, drawing in debates around devolution, European integration and Commonwealth migration. In contributing to wider debates around banal nationalism, the paper notes the extent to which nations are increasingly articulated through commerce, consumption and market exchange and the overall significance of everyday markers (signs, objects, infrastructure) in naturalising a national view of the world
Matrix geometries and Matrix Models
We study a two parameter single trace 3-matrix model with SO(3) global
symmetry. The model has two phases, a fuzzy sphere phase and a matrix phase.
Configurations in the matrix phase are consistent with fluctuations around a
background of commuting matrices whose eigenvalues are confined to the interior
of a ball of radius R=2.0. We study the co-existence curve of the model and
find evidence that it has two distinct portions one with a discontinuous
internal energy yet critical fluctuations of the specific heat but only on the
low temperature side of the transition and the other portion has a continuous
internal energy with a discontinuous specific heat of finite jump. We study in
detail the eigenvalue distributions of different observables.Comment: 20 page
The Real Combination Problem : Panpsychism, Micro-Subjects, and Emergence
Panpsychism harbors an unresolved tension, the seriousness of which has yet to be fully appreciated. I capture this tension as a dilemma, and offer panpsychists advice on how to resolve it. The dilemma, briefly, is as follows. Panpsychists are committed to the perspicuous explanation of macro-mentality in terms of micro-mentality. But panpsychists take the micro-material realm to feature not just mental properties, but also micro-subjects to whom these properties belong. Yet it is impossible to explain the constitution of a macro-subject (like one of us) in terms of the assembly of micro-subjects, for, I show, subjects cannot combine. Therefore the panpsychist explanatory project is derailed by the insistence that the worldâs ultimate material constituents (ultimates) are subjects of experience. The panpsychist faces a choice of abandoning her explanatory project, or recanting the claim that the ultimates are subjects. This is the dilemma. I argue that the latter option is to be preferred. This neednât constitute a wholesale abandonment of panpsychism, however, since panpsychists can maintain that the ultimates possess phenomenal qualities, despite not being subjects of those qualities. This proposal requires us to make sense of phenomenal qualities existing independently of experiencing subjects, a challenge I tackle in the penultimate section. The position eventually reached is a form of neutral monism, so another way to express the overall argument is to say that, keeping true to their philosophical motivations, panpsychists should really be neutral monists.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio
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How can existing ground-based profiling instruments improve European weather forecasts?
Observations of profiles of winds, aerosol, clouds, winds, temperature and humidity in the lowest few km of the atmosphere from networks of ceilometers, Doppler wind lidars and microwave radiometers are starting to flow in real time to forecasting centers in Europe.
To realise the promise of improved predictions of hazardous weather such as flash floods, wind storms, fog and poor air quality from high-resolution mesoscale models, the forecast models must be initialized with an accurate representation of the current state of the atmosphere, but the lowest few km are hardly accessible by satellite, especially in dynamically-active conditions. We report on recent European developments in the exploitation of existing ground-based profiling instruments so that they are networked and able to send data in real-time to forecast centers. The three classes of instruments are: (i) Automatic lidars and ceilometers providing backscatter profiles of clouds, aerosols, dust, fog and volcanic ash, the last two being especially important for air traffic control; (ii) Doppler wind lidars deriving profiles of wind, turbulence, wind shear, wind-gusts and low-level jets; and (iii) Microwave radiometers estimating profiles of temperature and humidity in nearly all weather conditions. Twenty-two European countries and fifteen European National Weather Services are collaborating in the project, that involves the implementation of common operating procedures, instrument calibrations, data formats and retrieval algorithms. Currently, data from 220 ceilometers in 17 countries are being distributed in near real-time to national weather forecast centers; this should soon rise to many hundreds. The wind lidars should start delivering real time data in late 2018, and the plan is to incorporate the microwave radiometers in 2019. Initial data assimilation tests indicate a positive impact of the new data
A new class of semiclassical wave function uniformizations
We present a new semiclassical technique which relies on replacing
complicated classical manifold structure with simpler manifolds, which are then
evaluated by the usual semiclassical rules. Under circumstances where the
original manifold structure gives poor or useless results semiclassically the
replacement manifolds can yield remarkable accuracy. We give several working
examples to illustrate the theory presented here.Comment: 12 pages (incl. 12 figures
Addressing Rural Health Disparities Through Pharmacy Curricula
Approximately 75% of the United States is rural.1 While 20% of the US population lives outside of urban areas, only 9% of physicians and 12% of pharmacists practice in rural areas.2,3 This lack of access to primary care is compounded by the significant need for primary care by citizens in rural areas. More than 1 in 3 adults living in rural America is in poor to fair health, with nearly half having at least 1 major chronic illness.4 Individuals in rural areas have higher rates of smoking as well as obesity, diabetes, and other chronic diseases.5 In its 2005 report on rural health care, the Institute of Medicine asserted that many of the challenges faced by those living in rural areas can be attributed to the lack of access to basic health care services. Furthermore, this report described 5 strategies to address the lack of care in rural areas, and 1 strategy was to increase the supply of primary care health professionals in rural areas through improved education and training.4 Although the report did not specify types of providers, specially trained pharmacists may be able to address the health care disparities found in rural areas
Unusual Thermodynamics on the Fuzzy 2-Sphere
Higher spin Dirac operators on both the continuum sphere() and its fuzzy
analog() come paired with anticommuting chirality operators. A
consequence of this is seen in the fermion-like spectrum of these operators
which is especially true even for the case of integer-spin Dirac operators.
Motivated by this feature of the spectrum of a spin 1 Dirac operator on
, we assume the spin 1 particles obey Fermi-Dirac statistics. This
choice is inspite of the lack of a well defined spin-statistics relation on a
compact surface such as . The specific heats are computed in the cases of
the spin and spin 1 Dirac operators. Remarkably the specific heat
for a system of spin particles is more than that of the spin 1
case, though the number of degrees of freedom is more in the case of spin 1
particles. The reason for this is inferred through a study of the spectrums of
the Dirac operators in both the cases. The zero modes of the spin 1 Dirac
operator is studied as a function of the cut-off angular momentum and is
found to follow a simple power law. This number is such that the number of
states with positive energy for the spin 1 and spin system become
comparable. Remarks are made about the spectrums of higher spin Dirac operators
as well through a study of their zero-modes and the variation of their spectrum
with degeneracy. The mean energy as a function of temperature is studied in
both the spin and spin 1 cases. They are found to deviate from
the standard ideal gas law in 2+1 dimensions.Comment: 19 pages, 7 figures. The paper has been significantly modified. Main
results are unchange
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