Kajian Perancangan Sistem Penangkal Petir Eksternal pada Gedung Pusat Komputer Universitas Riau

Pekanbaru City is a city located in an area that has a large enough lightning density is equal to 136 days per year with thunder, lightning strikes the ground density (Ng) reached 19.5128 strike/km2/year. Computer Center Building University of Riau is the center of Riau University data, built with a size of 47 m x 21 m x 12.4 m. In the design of the external lightning protection on buildings, there are some technical requirements that need to be considered such as; identifying the needs of a lightning protection system based PUIPP, determining the level of protection lightning protection system based on IEC 1024-1-1, finial selection, determination down conductor and grounding system. From the analysis of hazard assessment, which is an interesting area of 10395.41 m² lightning strike, the possibility of building struck by lightning strikes per year with 0,203 lightning protection system efficiency 0.507. Based on data and analysis can then be described in the protected areas of the Computer Center building good front, side, rear and top. The results obtained showed that the Computer Center building has a poor level of efficiency is based on the analysis of the rolling sphere method

Wind Power Generator for Small Scale Ice Factory for Economy Development at Rural Area in Aceh, Indonesia

The earthquake and tsunami disaster in Aceh, Indonesia, has destroyed particular of potential coast areas in Aceh. One of activities was undertaken for rehabilitation and reconstruction along period 2005 to 2010 was realizing a small-scale ice factory to support economic development of coastal communities. Commonly, a small-scale ice factory is generated by diesel fuel which is expensive and not environmental friendly. Utilization renewable energy is considered as an alternative solution. This paper discussed implementation of wind turbines as a viable renewable energy applied in rural area, AcehIndonesia. The turbine used for electricity generation in a small-scale ice factory used by fisherman. This activity is a first part of renewable energy application pilot project for supporting an integrated small-scale fish processing in this area post Tsunami disaster. A 10 kW wind turbine has been installed and tested based on result of observation and data processing of potential wind. Initial test shown that wind power generator able to produce maximum power of 5 kW at 4 m/s wind speed. This, selected wind turbine is enough to supply electricity for small-scale ice factory with production capacity 300 kg/day

The Stimulatory Effect of Mixtures Milk Thistle and Wild Safflower Oil with some Insecticides on the Adults and Larvae of Flour Beetles:

 Abstract The aim of the current study is testing the mortality effect of mixtures of Milk thistle and Carthamus tinctorius oils with some insecticides on the whole and larvae of flour beetles using three different pesticides: Aktara, Indoxacarb and Alfacypermethrin, using the four different concentrations 50, 100, 200, 500 ppm for each mixing ratio (oil: pesticide) in the general rate mortality of the concentrations of oil mixture with pesticides in the adults and larvae of flour beetles. The results of the statistical analysis showed a clear significant difference between the general averages of the mortality ratios of the four concentrations. The results also indicated the values of propensity, LC50, and the total activation ratios of the mixtures of Milk thistle oils and Sob with the pesticides Aktara, Indoxacarb, and Alfacypermethrin. A variation in the LC50 values for the mixtures of oils with pesticides was noticed, but there is an increase in the toxicity of the mixture of oil and Indoxacarb pesticide compared with the mixtures of oil, Aktara pesticide and alfacypermethrin. The LC50 values for mixtures of Milk thistle and Carthamus tinctorius oils with Indoxacarb pesticide reached 34.5 and 17.9 ppm on caterpillars and 46.4 and 23.5 ppm on adults, while it reached 46.4 and 23.5 ppm for mixtures The oils themselves with the Aktara pesticide were 858.5 and 715.3 ppm on caterpillars and 190.3 and 538.7 ppm on adults. As for the mixtures of oils with Alfacypermethrin, they were 3194.4 and 248.5 ppm on caterpillars and 307.8 and 1410.5 ppm on adults

Evaluation of growth and yield attributing characteristics of indigenous Boro rice varieties

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth, yield and yield attributing characteristics of 12 indigenous Boro rice varieties collected from South-Western regions of Bangladesh namely, Nayon moni, Tere bale, Bere ratna, Ashan boro, Kajol lata, Koijore, Kali boro, Bapoy, Latai balam, Choite boro, GS one and Sylhety boro. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. Parameters on, growth parameter viz. plant height and number of tillers hill-1 (at different days after transplanting); yield contributing characters such as effective tillers hill⁻¹, panicle length, number of grains panicle⁻¹, filled grains panicle1, thousand grain weight, grain yield, straw yield, biological yield and harvest index were recorded. The plant height and number of tillers hill⁻¹ at different days after transplanting varied significantly among the varieties up to harvest. At harvest, the tallest plant (123.80 cm) was recorded in Bapoy and the shortest (81.13 cm) was found in GS one. The maximum number of tillers hill⁻¹ (46.00) was observed in Sylhety boro and the minimum (19.80) in Bere ratna. All of the parameters of yield and yield contributing characters differed significantly at 1% level except grain yield, biological yield and harvest index. The maximum number of effective tillers hill⁻¹ (43.87) was recorded in the variety Sylhety boro while Bere ratna produced the lowest effective tillers hill⁻¹ (17.73). The highest (110.57) and the lowest (42.13) number of filled grains panicle⁻¹ was observed in the variety Koijore and Sylhety boro, respectively. Thousand grain weight was the highest (26.35g) in Kali boro and the lowest (17.83g) in GS one. Grain did not differ significantly among the varieties but numerically the highest grain yield (5.01 t ha⁻¹) was found in the variety Koijore and the lowest in GS one (3.17 t ha⁻¹)

Psychometric performance of the Mental Health Implementation Science Tools (mhIST) across six low- and middle-income countries

Background Existing implementation measures developed in high-income countries may have limited appropriateness for use within low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). In response, researchers at Johns Hopkins University began developing the Mental Health Implementation Science Tools (mhIST) in 2013 to assess priority implementation determinants and outcomes across four key stakeholder groups—consumers, providers, organization leaders, and policy makers—with dedicated versions of scales for each group. These were field tested and refined in several contexts, and criterion validity was established in Ukraine. The Consumer and Provider mhIST have since grown in popularity in mental health research, outpacing psychometric evaluation. Our objective was to establish the cross-context psychometric properties of these versions and inform future revisions. Methods We compiled secondary data from seven studies across six LMIC—Colombia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Thailand, Ukraine, and Zambia—to evaluate the psychometric performance of the Consumer and Provider mhIST. We used exploratory factor analysis to identify dimensionality, factor structure, and item loadings for each scale within each stakeholder version. We also used alignment analysis (i.e., multi-group confirmatory factor analysis) to estimate measurement invariance and differential item functioning of the Consumer scales across the six countries. Results All but one scale within the Provider and Consumer versions had Cronbach’s alpha greater than 0.8. Exploratory factor analysis indicated most scales were multidimensional, with factors generally aligning with a priori subscales for the Provider version; the Consumer version has no predefined subscales. Alignment analysis of the Consumer mhIST indicated a range of measurement invariance for scales across settings (R2 0.46 to 0.77). Several items were identified for potential revision due to participant nonresponse or low or cross- factor loadings. We found only one item, which asked consumers whether their intervention provider was available when needed, to have differential item functioning in both intercept and loading. Conclusion We provide evidence that the Consumer and Provider versions of the mhIST are internally valid and reliable across diverse contexts and stakeholder groups for mental health research in LMIC. We recommend the instrument be revised based on these analyses and future research examine instrument utility by linking measurement to other outcomes of interest

Improving mental health and psychosocial wellbeing in humanitarian settings: reflections on research funded through R2HC

Major knowledge gaps remain concerning the most effective ways to address mental health and psychosocial needs of populations affected by humanitarian crises. The Research for Health in Humanitarian Crisis (R2HC) program aims to strengthen humanitarian health practice and policy through research. As a significant portion of R2HC’s research has focused on mental health and psychosocial support interventions, the program has been interested in strengthening a community of practice in this field. Following a meeting between grantees, we set out to provide an overview of the R2HC portfolio, and draw lessons learned. In this paper, we discuss the mental health and psychosocial support-focused research projects funded by R2HC; review the implications of initial findings from this research portfolio; and highlight four remaining knowledge gaps in this field. Between 2014 and 2019, R2HC funded 18 academic-practitioner partnerships focused on mental health and psychosocial support, comprising 38% of the overall portfolio (18 of 48 projects) at a value of approximately 7.2 million GBP. All projects have focused on evaluating the impact of interventions. In line with consensus-based recommendations to consider a wide range of mental health and psychosocial needs in humanitarian settings, research projects have evaluated diverse interventions. Findings so far have both challenged and confirmed widely-held assumptions about the effectiveness of mental health and psychosocial interventions in humanitarian settings. They point to the importance of building effective, sustained, and diverse partnerships between scholars, humanitarian practitioners, and funders, to ensure long-term program improvements and appropriate evidence-informed decision making. Further research needs to fill knowledge gaps regarding how to: scale-up interventions that have been found to be effective (e.g., questions related to integration across sectors, adaptation of interventions across different contexts, and optimal care systems); address neglected mental health conditions and populations (e.g., elderly, people with disabilities, sexual minorities, people with severe, pre-existing mental disorders); build on available local resources and supports (e.g., how to build on traditional, religious healing and community-wide social support practices); and ensure equity, quality, fidelity, and sustainability for interventions in real-world contexts (e.g., answering questions about how interventions from controlled studies can be transferred to more representative humanitarian contexts)

The evolving SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Africa: Insights from rapidly expanding genomic surveillance

INTRODUCTION Investment in Africa over the past year with regard to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sequencing has led to a massive increase in the number of sequences, which, to date, exceeds 100,000 sequences generated to track the pandemic on the continent. These sequences have profoundly affected how public health officials in Africa have navigated the COVID-19 pandemic. RATIONALE We demonstrate how the first 100,000 SARS-CoV-2 sequences from Africa have helped monitor the epidemic on the continent, how genomic surveillance expanded over the course of the pandemic, and how we adapted our sequencing methods to deal with an evolving virus. Finally, we also examine how viral lineages have spread across the continent in a phylogeographic framework to gain insights into the underlying temporal and spatial transmission dynamics for several variants of concern (VOCs). RESULTS Our results indicate that the number of countries in Africa that can sequence the virus within their own borders is growing and that this is coupled with a shorter turnaround time from the time of sampling to sequence submission. Ongoing evolution necessitated the continual updating of primer sets, and, as a result, eight primer sets were designed in tandem with viral evolution and used to ensure effective sequencing of the virus. The pandemic unfolded through multiple waves of infection that were each driven by distinct genetic lineages, with B.1-like ancestral strains associated with the first pandemic wave of infections in 2020. Successive waves on the continent were fueled by different VOCs, with Alpha and Beta cocirculating in distinct spatial patterns during the second wave and Delta and Omicron affecting the whole continent during the third and fourth waves, respectively. Phylogeographic reconstruction points toward distinct differences in viral importation and exportation patterns associated with the Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants and subvariants, when considering both Africa versus the rest of the world and viral dissemination within the continent. Our epidemiological and phylogenetic inferences therefore underscore the heterogeneous nature of the pandemic on the continent and highlight key insights and challenges, for instance, recognizing the limitations of low testing proportions. We also highlight the early warning capacity that genomic surveillance in Africa has had for the rest of the world with the detection of new lineages and variants, the most recent being the characterization of various Omicron subvariants. CONCLUSION Sustained investment for diagnostics and genomic surveillance in Africa is needed as the virus continues to evolve. This is important not only to help combat SARS-CoV-2 on the continent but also because it can be used as a platform to help address the many emerging and reemerging infectious disease threats in Africa. In particular, capacity building for local sequencing within countries or within the continent should be prioritized because this is generally associated with shorter turnaround times, providing the most benefit to local public health authorities tasked with pandemic response and mitigation and allowing for the fastest reaction to localized outbreaks. These investments are crucial for pandemic preparedness and response and will serve the health of the continent well into the 21st century