Moringa oleifera Lam prevents acetaminophen induced liver injury through restoration of glutathione level

Initiation of acetaminophen (APAP) toxicities is believed to be promoted by oxidative stress during the event of overdosage. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective action of Moringa oleifera Lam (MO), an Asian plant of high medicinal value, against a single high dose of APAP. Groups of five male Sprague–Dawley rats were pre-administered with MO (200 and 800 mg/kg) prior to a single dose of APAP (3 g/kg body weight; p.o). Silymarin was used as an established hepatoprotective drug against APAP induced liver injury. The hepatoprotective activity of MO extract was observed following significant histopathological analysis and reduction of the level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in groups pretreated with MO compared to those treated with APAP alone. Meanwhile, the level of glutathione (GSH) was found to be restored in MO-treated animals compared to the groups treated with APAP alone. These observations were comparable to the group pretreated with silymarin prior to APAP administration. Group that was treated with APAP alone exhibited high level of transaminases and ALP activities besides reduction in the GSH level. The histological hepatocellular deterioration was also evidenced. The results from the present study suggested that the leaves of MO can prevent hepatic injuries from APAP induced through preventing the decline of glutathione level

Ekstrakcja barwników z Petrocarpus santalinus i barwienie naturalnych włókien przy użyciu różnych zapraw farbiarskich

Aqueous extraction of natural dyes from Petrocarpus santalinus tree wood and dyeing of the following natural fibres: banana fibre, screw fine fibre, pineapple fibre, sisal fibre, korai and palm leaf using various mordants to fix the colour in the fibre materials were performed. Salt, sodium bicarbonate, oxalic acid, tannic acid, ferrous ammonium sulphate, stannous chloride (tin metal powder), alum and tamarind (Tamarindus indica) were used as a mordant for the dying of the natural fibres. Petrocarpus santalinus dye was effectively dyed on natural fibres using different mordants, producing different colours like tomato, maroon, orange red, chocolate, brown, quarry red, black, brick red, tile red, terra colla, sunbaked clay, gray, brick red, victorian red, firebrick, brown, crimson and orange, using these mordants.W artykule omówiono wykonanie wodnej ekstrakcji naturalnych barwników z drzewa Petrocarpus santalinus oraz barwienie włókien naturalnych, m.in. bananowca, ananasa, sizalu, korai i liści palmowych przy zastosowaniu różnych zapraw farbiarskich, których użycie miało na celu utrwalenie koloru w materiałach włóknistych. Jako zapraw farbiarskich użyto soli, wodorowęglanu sodu, kwasu szczawiowego, kwasu garbnikowego, siarczanu żelazowo-amonowego, chlorku cyny (proszek cyny metalicznej), ałunu i tamaryndowca (Tamarindus indica). Włókna naturalne skutecznie zabarwiono barwnikiem Petrocarpus santalinus przy użyciu różnych zapraw uzyskując różne kolory takie jak: pomidorowy, bordowy, pomarańczowy, czerwony, czekoladowy, brązowy, czarny, czerwony ceglany, terra colla, glinka opalana, szara, ceglastoczerwona, wiktoriański czerwony, ognisty, brązowy, szkarłatny i pomarańczowy