Optimal Timber Utilisation Strategies for Wik People on Cape York Peninsula

A forestry industry based on the native Darwin stringybark forests of Cape York Peninsula has been identified as a potential generator of employment and income for Wik people. Information appropriate for examining potential Wik timber utilisation strategies is scarce, necessitating primary data collection activities in north Queensland. A mixed-integer, single-period goal program is developed to produce a suite of ‘optimal’ timber utilisation strategies from the perspective of Wik people. Optimal forestry strategies predicted by the goal programming model are financially viable and suggest, in general, that relatively low-technology forestry activities are likely to best satisfy Wik forestry objectives

Commercial Forestry: An Economic Development Opportunity Consistent with the Property Rights of Wik People to Natural Resources

Wik people on Cape York Peninsula, Queensland, aspire to economic independence. Commercial processing of native forest timbers is seen by Wik people as a culturally appropriate engine for economic development; however, much uncertainty surrounds their property rights to native forest timber. The granting of native title over some traditional Wik land in 2000 and 2004 was seen as a coup by Wik people, but some economists have argued that the inalienable and communal nature of native title is an obstacle to development in indigenous communities. An assessment of Wik property rights to timber resources reveals that a commercial forestry industry is consistent with their rights. In comparison with social and cultural factors, the inalienable and communal characteristics of native title are second-order development constraints for Wik people.native title, native forest management, Aurukun community, Cape York Peninsula.

Accommodating Indigenous Cultural Heritage Values in Resource Assessment: Cape York Peninsula and the MurrayÐDarling Basin, Australia

In this paper we consider the problem of accommodating indigenous cultural heritage values in resource assessment and valuation. We suggest a need for price-based approaches to valuation to be replaced by or complemented with quantitative constraints, reflecting the requirement that rights should not be violated.indigenous cultural heritage, resource assessment, valuation

Optimal Timber Utilisation Strategies for Wik People on Cape York Peninsula

A forestry industry based on the native Darwin stringybark forests of Cape York Peninsula has been identified as a potential generator of employment and income for Wik people. Information appropriate for examining potential Wik timber utilisation strategies is scarce, necessitating primary data collection activities in north Queensland. A mixed-integer, single-period goal program is developed to produce a suite of 'optimal' timber utilisation strategies from the perspective of Wik people. Optimal forestry strategies predicted by the goal programming model are financially viable and suggest, in general, that relatively low-technology forestry activities are likely to best satisfy Wik forestry objectives

IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PREDATOR-PREY PADA JUMLAH LAPANGAN KERJA DAN JUMLAH PENCARI KERJA DI KOTA BANDUNG

Skripsi ini berisi tentang Implementasi model predator-prey pada jumlah lapangan kerja dan pencari kerja di kota bandung. Sistem predator-prey digunakan untuk memodelkan lapangan kerja dan pencari kerja. Data diambil dari Dinas Tenaga Kerja (DISNAKER) Kota Bandung. Data yang diambil selama tiga tahun (2010-2012) dan dikelompokan dalam kuartal (3 bulan). Dalam model ini, pencari kerja berperan sebagai mangsa dan lapangan kerja sebagai pemburu. Tingkat pertumbuhan alami dari lapangan kerja dan pencari kerja digunakan sebagai parameter predator-prey. Metode finite difference digunakan untuk menyelesaikan perhitungan sistem predator-prey. Solusi dari persamaan terdiri dari kondisi setimbang, laju pertumbuhan, vektor, dan perbandingan antara lapangan kerja dan pencari kerja berdasarkan waktu. Didapat bahwa model interaksi lapangan kerja dan pencari kerja mirip dengan model interaksi antar makhluk hidup dalam sistem biologi. Didapat pula, solusi equilibrium dari jumlah pencari kerja adalah 2313 dan jumlah dari lapangan pekerjaan 1229. Kata Kunci: Predator-prey, lapangan kerja, pencari kerja  IMPLEMENTATION PREDATOR-PREY MODEL ON AMOUNT OF JOBS AND EMPLOYEES IN BANDUNG This paper presents the modeling of job-employee dynamics in Bandung using predator-prey system. Based on its dynamics similarity, the predator-prey system is used to model the job-unemployment dynamics. The data of job and employee are obtained from the Department of Labor (DISNAKER) Bandung region. The data is taken for three years (2010-2012) and grouped in quartile (3 months). In this model, the employee is considered to be prey and job is considered to be predator. The natural growth of job and employee are used as predator-prey parameters while the interaction parameters are studied numerically. The forward finite difference is used to solve the predator-prey system numerically. The results consist of equilibrium condition, phase trajectory, vector field and the comparison of the number of job and employee with respect to time. It was found that to the selected interaction parameters, the job-employee dynamics mimics the predator-prey system. It was found too that the equilibrium solution for this case 2313 for employee and 1229 for job. Keyword: Predator-prey, jobs, employe

Portable Sawmilling Costs for Landholders in Western Queensland

Portable sawmilling trials with Acacia aneura (mulga) and A. cambagei (gidgee) have been undertaken to estimate the private landholder costs associated with small-scale timber production from woodlands in western Queensland, Australia. A time study of harvesting and milling operations facilitated estimation of landholder labour input requirements. The scarcity and small size of millable logs, coupled with the prevalence of timber defects, make harvesting and portable sawmilling of western Queensland acacias an expensive undertaking for landholders. The cost of producing sawn timber that meets the High Feature (HF) grade of Australian Standard AS2796 is estimated at between A$3,000-m3 and A$3,400/m3 of HF timber.

Seafarer Cross-Generational Competence Skills

It was mentioned that the ability to establish a positive relationship between the members of international crews is an urgent issue. This ability influences not only the safety of navigation, but the mental health of seafarers as well. Foreign language competence is essential for the resolution of this problem. Successful everyday communication of seafarers depends on a number of factors: the awareness of cross-cultural, religious and cross-generational differences will help establish a friendly communication onboard a ship with an international crew. This paper presents a study on cross-generational communication of future seafarers. Our study empirically proved that the ability of mutual communication between different age groups facilitates the establishment of friendly relationships onboard a ship. A psychological insight into the peculiarities of different generations helped us see the process of communication of seafarers in a new light. We outlined the main values of different generations, allowing the students to learn the preferred topics of everyday communication. In our opinion, the results of this study may be used by lecturers of maritime educational establishments in the scope of the course Psychology and English language

The effect of Bruegger’s exercise on chronic low back pain in association with lower crossed syndrome

M.Tech. (Chiropractic)Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of Bruegger’s exercise on chronic low back pain in association with lower crossed syndrome and compare it to spinal manipulation alone or a combination of Bruegger’s exercise and spinal manipulation with regards to pain and disability, hip and lumbar range of motion as well as degree of lumbar lordosis. Method: Thirty participants who met the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated to one of three different groups of ten participants each. Group one was only instructed on how to perform Bruegger’s exercise. Group two only received a spinal manipulation/s over the restricted joint/s in the lumbar spine. Group three received a spinal manipulation/s over the restricted joint/s in the lumbar spine in conjunction to being instructed on how to perform Bruegger’s exercise. All participants were assessed over a four week period. All groups attended six treatment sessions over three weeks of which Bruegger’s exercise and/or spinal manipulation were performed. The participants who needed to perform Bruegger’s exercise were also advised to continue doing the exercise out of the treatment session where applicable. In the fourth week only measurements were taken and no treatment was administered. Procedure: Subjective data was collected at the first and fourth consultations prior to treatment, as well as on the seventh consultation by means of a Numerical Pain Rating Scale and Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire to assess pain and disability. Objective data was collected at the first and fourth consultations prior to treatment, as well as on the seventh consultation by means of a universal goniometer for assessing passive hip flexion and extension, a digital inclinometer for assessing active lumbar range of motion and a flexible ruler for measuring the degree of lumbar lordosis. Analysis of collected data was performed by a statician. Results: Clinically significant improvements in group 1, group 2 and group 3 were noted over the duration of the study with regards to pain, disability, hip and lumbar range of motion as well as degree of lumbar lordosis. Statistically significant changes were noted in group 1 and group 2 with regards to pain, disability, hip and lumbar range of motion as well as degree of lumbar lordosis, and in group 3 with regards to hip and lumbar range of motion as well as degree of lumbar lordosis. Conclusion: The results show that Bruegger’s exercise, spinal manipulation and the combination of Bruegger’s exercise and spinal manipulation are effective treatment protocols both clinically and significantly in decreasing pain and disability (not statistically for the combination of Bruegger’s exercise and spinal manipulation), increasing hip and lumbar range of motion as well as decreasing the degree of lumbar lordosis. However, there was no treatment protocol that proved to be preferential over the other. Because spinal manipulation alone showed the greatest overall clinical improvements, it may be suggested that spinal manipulation alone is the most effective in the treatment of chronic low back pain associated with lower crossed syndrome with regards to pain and disability, hip and lumbar range of motion as well as degree of lumbar lordosis. Also, the addition of Bruegger’s exercise may help in some instances to further assist in treatment once the full effects of the spinal manipulation has occurred and allowed for the muscles to be in their optimum state for exercise