Kesintili ve kesintisiz egzersiz yöntemlerinin bilişsel işlevler, risk alma, çalışma belleği ve dikkat üzerindeki etkilerinin bilişsel testler ve işlevsel yakın kızılötesi spektroskopi ölçümü ile araştırılması

Amaç: Sedanter toplum yapısının yaygınlaşmasıyla birlikte kronik hastalıklardan korunma da dahil olmak üzere sağlıklı yaşam için düzenli fiziksel egzersiz daha da önemli hale gelmiştir. Egzersizin fiziksel işlevlerin yanında mental işlevlere de olumlu yönde katkı sağladığı bilinmektedir. Bu çerçevede, egzersiz seçiminde tüm vücut sağlığı için verimli yöntemlerin anlaşılması önem kazanmıştır. Çalışmamızda kesintili ve kesintisiz anaerobik eşik altında egzersiz yöntemlerinin bilişsel işlevlere olan etkileri, beyin prefrontal korteks oksijenlenmesi ile olan ilişkilerinin aydınlatılması ve hangi yöntemin daha verimli olduğunun bulunması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmamızda yüksek düzeyde antrene olan sporculara farklı günlerde kesintili ve kesintisiz egzersiz uygulanmıştır. Kesintisiz egzersizde solunumsal anaerobik eşik yükünün %90‟ına denk gelen güç çıktısıyla 20 dakika sabit yüklü egzersiz, kesintilide ise aynı yükle 4 set 5 dakika egzersiz ve aralarda 2 dakika 50 watt düzeyinde yükle-dinlenme şeklinde egzersiz yaptırılmıştır. Her egzersiz seansından önce ve sonra bilişsel işlevleri değerlendirebilmek için Stroop, PASAT ve BART testleri uygulanıp, tüm bu süreçte İşlevsel Yakın Kızılötesi Spektroskopi (fNIRS) ile prefrontal oksijenlenme düzeyleri ölçülmüştür. Stres etkisini görebilmek amacıyla egzersizlerin önce ve sonrasında kan ve tükürük örneklerinden kortizol seviyeleri ölçülmüştür. Bulgular: Çalışmamızda aynı yük çıktısında yapılan egzersizlerden kesintisiz egzersizde algılanan zorluk düzeyi kesintili egzersizden yüksek bulunmuştur (p0,05). BART risk alma testi değerlendirildiğinde kesintisiz egzersiz sonrası risk alma eğilimi arttığı görülmüştür (p0,05). PASAT testinde egzersizler arası fark bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). Stroop test bozucu etkisinin kesintisiz egzersiz sonrası arttığı (p0,05), kesintili egzersiz sonrasında ise öncesine göre anlamlı fark oluşmadığı görülmüştür. Prefrontal korteks oksijenlenme düzeylerinde egzersiz türleri arasında fark bulunmamıştır. Stroop Test sırasında her iki egzersiz öncesi davranışsal test sonuçları ile prefrontal korteks oksihemoglobin düzeyleri arasında yüksek korelasyon bulunmuştur (r=.79-.88 aralığında). Kesintili egzersiz PASAT davranışsal testindeki doğru yanıt sayıları ile prefrontal korteks oksihemoglobin düzeyleri arasında yüksek negatif korelasyon bulunmuştur (r=.71). BART davranışsal test ve prefrontal oksihemoglobin düzeyleri arasında anlamlı korelasyon bulunmamıştır. Sonuç: Anaerobik eşik altı kesintisiz egzersiz yönteminde bilişsel işlevlerde bozulma ve risk eğiliminde artış görülmüş, bu bulgular ışığında kesintili egzersizin bilişsel işlevler açısından daha verimli bir yöntem olduğu düşünülmüştür. Prefrontal oksijenlenme açısından egzersiz yöntemleri arasında fark görülmemiş ancak bilişsel işlevlerde bozulma arttıkça prefrontal oksijenlenmede de artış olduğu görülmüştür.Objective: Along with the more sedantary lifestyle, regular physical activity has become even more important for prevention from chronic diseases and for a healthy life. It is known that exercise contributes positively to mental functions as well as physical functions. In this context, understanding of efficient methods for whole body health has become important in the choice of exercise. We aimed to find the effects of continuous and intermittent exercise methods on cognitive functions under anaerobic threshold and the relationship with prefrontal oxygenation. Method: In our study, intermittent and continuous exercise was performed on different days by high trained sportsmen . In the continuous exercise, 20 minutes of constantly loaded exercise with power output equivalent to 90% of the respiratory anaerobic threshold load,and in the intermittent exercise 4 sets of 5 minutes of exercise at the same load and 2 minutes of 50-watt loaded rest exercise were performed . Stroop, PASAT and BART tests were performed to evaluate cognitive functions before and after each exercise session. Prefrontal oxygenation levels were measured with Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) throughout this period. Cortical levels of blood and saliva were measured before and after exercises to be able to see the effect of stress. Results: In our study, the level of difficulty perceived in continuous exercise was found to be higher than intermittent exercise (p 0,05). When the BART risk taking test was evaluated, it was seen that the risk taking tendency increased after continuous exercise (p 0,05). There was no difference between the exercises in the PASAT test (p> 0,05). Stroop interference was increased after continuous exercise (p 0,05), but there was no significant difference after intermittent exercise compared to before. There was no difference in prefrontal cortex oxygenation levels among exercise types. During the Stroop test, pre-exercise behavioral test results at each type of the exercise and prefrontal cortex oxyhemoglobin levels were highly correlated (r = .79-.88). There was a high negative correlation between the number of correct responses in intermittent exercise PASAT behavioral test and prefrontal cortex oxyhemoglobin levels (r = .71). There was no significant correlation between BART behavioral test and prefrontal oxyhemoglobin levels. Conclusion: In anaerobic subthreshold continuous exercise, deterioration of cognitive functions and increase of risk tendency were observed. With these findings intermittent exercise was thought to be a more efficient method in terms of cognitive functions. There was no difference in exercise methods in terms of prefrontal oxygenation but prefrontal oxygenation was found to increase as the deterioration in cognitive functions increased

Tidegluib provides neuroprotection in Parkinson's Disease model through Nrf2/are pathway

Conference of the Society-for-Free-Radical-Research-Europe (SFRR-E) -- JUN 08-11, 2016 -- Budapest, HUNGARYWOS: 000377617900060Soc Free Rad Res Europ

Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta reduces ROS production and alters antioxidant enzyme activities in MPP plus -induced neuronal cell death

OCC World Congress / Annual SFRR-E Conference -- JUN 21-23, 2017 -- Berlin, GERMANYWOS: 000403716100099OCC, SFRR-ETUBITAK (The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [215S528]; Ege University Scientific Research FoundationEge University [15-ECZ-012]This study was supported by TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey) (Project Number: 215S528) and the Ege University Scientific Research Foundation (Project Number: 15-ECZ-012)

The effects of extended polymerization time for different resin composites on reactive oxygen species production and cell viability

Tuzcu, Fulya/0000-0002-1528-1090WOS:000601404800011PubMed: 33148930Purpose: The present study was conducted to determine oxidative stress and cell viability after contact with resin composites polymerized for different times. Methods: Disk-shaped specimens of Admira Fusion. Ceram X One Universal. Solare x and Filtek Z550 (n = 12) were prepared, and two subgroups with polymerization times of 20 and 40 s were employed. The specimens were incubated with mouse fibroblast cells for 48 and 72 h, and changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cellular viability were determined by an assay with a cell-permeable fluorescent dye, 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCF-DA), and the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, respectively. Results: At 72 h, ROS production in the presence of Admira Fusion polymerized for 40 s was reduced relative to that in the presence of Admira Fusion polymerized for 20 s (P < 0.05). Cell viability was maximal in the Admira Fusion and Solare x groups and there was no difference relative to the control group at 48 h. Cell viability was higher in the Admira Fusion and Solare x groups polymerized for 40 s than for the same materials polymerized for 20 sat 72 h (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Extension of the polymerizaton lime has a material-specific effect and may be used as a strategy to increase the biocompability of resin composites

Examination of empathy-like behaviour in nicotine-preferring rat lines

Aim: Addiction is an important global health issue, impacting also addicts environment and society. Empathy plays crucial role in establishing successful social relationships and is a fundamental component of social life. The aim of this study is to investigate how nicotine preferring (NP) strain and oral forced nicotine administration affects empathy-like behaviour in rats, with gender differences. Materials and Methods: Sprague-Dawley NP rats (10 males/10 females) and wild-type control rats (10 males/10 females) were used. Behavioural tests were administered to all rats before and after oral forced nicotine administration. The behavioural tests were completed in the fourth week of nicotine administration. Anxiety levels that could affect empathy-like behaviour were evaluated with open field, elevated plus maze tests and with blood cortisol levels. Oxytocin receptor and arginine vasopressin (AVP) levels, which have been shown to be related to empathy-like behaviour, were examined in the prefrontal cortex and amygdala regions using the enzyme-linked immunoassay method. Results: It was observed that males from the NP strain showed less empathy-like behaviour than all other groups, and nicotine administration did not cause a significant change in the results. Higher levels of locomotor activity (LA) were found in control females than in all other groups. Blood nicotine and corticosterone levels were higher in NP rats. No significant differences were found in AVP and oxytocin receptor levels in the prefrontal cortex and amygdala. Conclusions: It was found that coming from an addicted strain particularly reduces empathy-like behaviour in males

Induction of Behavioral and Histological Alterations in Rats by Chronic Consuming of Artificial Sweeteners: A Comparative Study

WOS: 000383578300053

Induction of Behavioral and Histological Alterations in Rats by Chronic Consuming of Artificial Sweeteners: A Comparative Study

WOS: 00038357830005