Kinetika Hidrolisis Minyak Biji Kapuk Dengan Larutan Natrium Karbonat Dalam Reaktor Alir Tangki Berpengaduk = Reaction Kinetics Of Hydrolysis Of Kapuk Seed Oil Using Sodium Carbonate Solution In A Continuous Stirred Tank

ABSTRACT Kapuk (Ceiba pentandra) seed oil can be hydrolyzed to produce soap and glycerol. The hydrolysis of kapuk seed oil has been studied using a heterogeneous reaction approach. Hydrolysis of kapuk seed oil with sodium carbonate solution was carried out in a continuous stirred tank reactor. The experiment was started with filling the reactor with sodium carbonate solution and heated to the desired temperature. At the same time, the kapuk seed oil was heated to the desired temperature in a flask. Then, the heated kapuk seed oil was added into the reactor at a certain ratio value so tahat the total volume of the liquid was 1000 mL The feed of sodium carbonate solution and the feed of kapuk seed oil were added separately with a certain volumetric flowrate into the reactor. During the process, the temperature of the reaction was kept constant using a waterbath. After steady state condition was reached, the sample was taken to determine the the glycerol content. The mass transfer coefficient (k2) and reaction rate constant (k1) values, were calculated using regression and least square methods. Based on the value of k1, k2, and Reynolds index, it was found that chemical reaction and mass transfer steps, both controlled the hydrolysis process. The chemical reaction constant could be expressed as Arrhenius equation : kr = (1,6002 x10-6) exp -715,2623/1 with an experimental error of ± 1,26%, and the relationship between the mass transfer coefficient with the speed of agitation (N), could be presented as : k2 = (3,7525 x 10-3)N (4596 with an experimental error of ± 0,04%. The relative favorable process condition was 50 minutes of resident time, temperature of 55°C, speed of agitation of 260 rpm, and sodium carbonate-oil equivalent ratio of 2,31. Under this condition the glyceride conversion was 33,41%. Keywords : kapuk seed oil - sodium carbonate - kinetic