Characterization Of Plant Pathogenic Virus Causing Mosaic Symptom On Tomato Plant ( Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill.)

A virus obtained from mosaic symptom of leaves of tomato plant (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) planted at Dau district, Malang regency, East Java province, was identified as a strain of cucumber mosaic virus. The virus infected plants of 5 species, including 3 species of legumes and 2 species of Solanaceae. It tolerated for 6 hours aging and 1:100 dilution. Broadbean, Dolichos lab-lab, soybean, tomato, and pepper, are useful in distinguishing this virus from others. The last two plant species showed spesific symptoms. There was no symptom observed on soybean and D. lab-lab

The Effect of PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) Pseudomonas Fluorescens and Bacillus Subtilis on Leaf Mustard Plant (Brassica Juncea L.) Infected by TuMV (Turnip Mosaic Virus)

One problem that causing leaf mustard yield loss is the infection of Turnip Mosaic Virus (TuMV). Thevirus causes mild mosaic leaf with vein clearing, blister, malformation and stunting. The use of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) such as Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis is oneeffort that could be used to solve the problem. Through the mechanism of induced resistance, thesebacteria can elicit the defense signal in plant for the defence against pathogens. In this study the use of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis was performed to test their benefit on leaf mustard planthealth against TuMV infection. This study was conducted with a randomized block design (RBD) byusing 8 treatments and 4 replications. On the experiment of the effect of PGPR on the root length ofleaf mustard plants, the design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and4 replications. Leaf mustard plants inoculated with Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis hadlonger roots than those without the inoculation of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis. Inaddition, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis was also able to reduce the incubation periodand disease intensity of TuMV on the leaf mustard plant. The activity of catalase enzyme and phenolcontent was elevated in the leaf of leaf mustard plant inoculated with PGPR. The results suggested thatcatalase and phenol production probably play a role in plant defense of leaf mustard against theinfection of TuMV

Glyphosate Biodegradation by Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria and Their Effect to Paddy Germination in Glyphosate Contaminated Soil

Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide in Indonesia. Glyphosate persistence between 55 days to 3 years. Widespread and uncontrolled use can cause weeds to become resistant and residue contaminates the soil and water environment. Due to the residual impact of glyphosate, it is necessary to identify a method that can increase the degradation of glyphosate. Several studies have shown that glyphosate can be degraded by microorganisms (fungi, rhizosphere and endophytic bacteria), some of which are members of plant growth-promoting bacteria. This study used the bacteria Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter sp and Pseudomonas fluorescens. These three types of bacteria have growth-promoting properties and potentially increase glyphosate degradation. Results of chromatogram on the residual test of glyphosate in liquid medium and soil containing glyphosate showed that glyphosate residue decreased with the addition of bacterial treatment when compared to control. The percentage of degradation in liquid medium are 96.06% by Enterobacter cloacae, 57% by Enterobacter spand 93.45% by Pseudomonas fluorescens.The percentage of degradation in soil medium are 4.32% by Enterobacter cloacae, 23.49% by Enterobacter spand 12.19% by Pseudomonas fluorescens.A positive result indicates that bacterial growth boosters from the plant (endophyte) as well as the area of rooting (rhizosphere) have additional potential as biofertilizer, bio stimulant, bio protectant but also as bio degradator pollutants such as the herbicide glyphosat

Endophytic Bacteria as Biocontrol Agents of Tomato Bacterial Wilt Disease

Ralstonia solanacearum is a tomato pathogen causing wilt disease which can lose crop production up to 100%. This problem also has economical impact to Indonesia, though controlling this pathogen has been donebefore. Biological control using endophytic bacteria is one of alternative control methods to support agriculture sustainability. The objective of these experiments are isolating endophytic bacteria taken from healthy tomato stems and root as well as investigating patogens as biocontrol agents of tomato bacterial wilt disease. Among 10 isolates found, only Ps1 and Ps8 can inhibit R. solanacearum based on antagonistic test in vitro using seed coat method and 4-7 mm inhibition zone forming. In vivo test was applied in green house in 30 days old of tomatoes usingendophytic bacteria by theroot soak technique. The result shows Ps1 and Ps8 within 15-16 days incubation period have suppressed 8.07%-9.19% pathogen attack