1,339 research outputs found
Negative Findings Report Cultural Resource Survey Fabens Lease 1301, University Lands El Paso County, Texas
On July 23, 2020, TAS Inc. conducted a cultural resource survey of a 10- acre tract intended to host a truck stop on the northwest corner of IH10 and FM 793 two miles northeast of the town of Fabens, in El Paso County, Texas. The project was sponsored by Ya Rehman, Ent, Inc. and was authorized by Texas Antiquities Permit 9518 with Jeff Turpin acting as Principal Investigator. The tract is a southwest-trending dune between two arroyos. The pavement and construction debris from an abandoned gasoline station occupy the southwestern corner. The current survey and shovel test regime found the remains of the gas station, but no new archeological evidence of any kind was discovered Consequently cultural resources present no obstacle to construction of the proposed truck stop, and justify a finding of âno effectâ. However, if cultural material is encountered during the course of construction, work in that area should cease and the various regulatory agencies should be advised
A successful Iowa shed roof poultry house
After putting it to practical test on the Iowa State College poultry farm, the Iowa Agricultural Experiment Station recommends the permanent shed roof poultry house described in this bulletin. This house was planned and built by the Poultry and Agricultural Engineering sections of the station for housing 75 or more laying hens kept under Iowa conditions. It has given good results in practical use at the poultry farm and on this basis it is recommended to those who have need of a poultry house of this type
Intermittent suckling with or without co-mingling of non-littermate piglets before weaning improves piglet performance in the immediate post-weaning period when compared with conventional weaning
Background: In this experiment, intermittent suckling (IS) with or without the co-mingling (CoM) of piglets was
studied as a method to stimulate solid feed intake and reduce post-weaning stress.
Methods: Three weaning regimes using 30 multiparous sows were compared: (1) conventional weaning (CW)
(n = 10 litters), where piglets had continuous access to the sow until weaning (d 0, farrowing = d â25 relative to weaning); (2) intermittent suckling (IS) (n = 10 litters), where piglets were separated from the sow for 8 h/d starting at d â7 (relative to weaning); and (3) intermittent suckling with co-mingling (ISCo) (n = 10 litters) where IS started at d â7 and two litters were housed together during separation and then returned to their original sow. Ad libitum creep feed was available from d â17. At weaning pigs were housed in pens of 11 pigs, 27 pens in total. The ISCo treatment was divided in half to examine effects of different mixing strategies after weaning. Half of the ISCo litters were kept in familiar groups (ISCoF, familiar, n = 4) and the other half were mixed within treatment resulting in groups of unfamiliar pigs (ISCoNF, not familiar, n = 5), the same as IS (n = 9) and CW (n = 9) treatments.
Results: The ISCo piglets ate more creep feed in the week before weaning (P < 0.01), but also showed more
aggressive and manipulative behaviour on first day of CoM compared with CW piglets (P < 0.05). IS with or without
CoM increased exploratory and play behaviour on the first day of treatment intervention (P < 0.001) and increased
sleeping behaviour on the last day of treatment intervention compared with CW (P < 0.001). Mixing strategy at
weaning had an effect on performance data with the highest growth and feed intake seen in ISCoF pigs 2 to 8 d
after weaning (P <0.001). IS and ISCoNF pigs also grew faster and ate more than CW pigs 2 to 8 d after weaning
(P < 0.001). Post-weaning injury scores suggested reduced aggression in ISCo as evidenced by reduced redness
(skin irritation) (P < 0.05), and a tendency for ISCo to have less scratches than CW (P < 0.1). The IS pigs slept the
most and displayed less manipulative behaviours on the day of weaning and plasma haptoglobin levels remained
low in IS pigs after weaning (P †0.01).
Conclusions: Both intermittent suckling techniques improved production indices in the immediate post-weaning
period. However, the addition of co-mingling before weaning in combination with grouping familiar pigs together
after weaning improved performance in an additive manner
Oligomers, organosulfates, and nitrooxy organosulfates in rainwater identified by ultra-high resolution electrospray ionization FT-ICR mass spectrometry
Wet deposition is an important removal mechanism for atmospheric organic matter, and a potentially important input for receiving ecosystems, yet less than 50% of rainwater organic matter is considered chemically characterized. Precipitation samples collected in New Jersey, USA, were analyzed by negative ion ultra-high resolution electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Elemental compositions of 552 unique molecular species were determined in the mass range 50â500 Da in the rainwater. Four main groups of organic compounds were identified: compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (CHO) only, sulfur (S) containing CHOS compounds, nitrogen (N) containing CHON compounds, and S- and N- containing CHONS compounds. Organic acids commonly identified in precipitation were detected in the rainwater. Within the four main groups of compounds detected in the rainwater, oligomers, organosulfates, and nitrooxy-organosulfates were assigned based on elemental formula comparisons. The majority of the compounds identified are products of atmospheric reactions and are known contributors to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formed from gas phase, aerosol phase, and in-cloud reactions in the atmosphere. It is suggested that the large uncharacterized component of SOA is the main contributor to the large uncharacterized component of rainwater organic matter
Intermittent suckling in combination with an older weaning age improves growth, feed intake and aspects of gastrointestinal tract carbohydrate absorption in pigs after weaning
This study tested the hypothesis that intermittent suckling (IS) with or without an older weaning age would improve post-weaning gastrointestinal tract (GIT) carbohydrate absorptive capacity in pigs while reducing post-weaning stress and aspects of the inflammatory response. Three weaning regimes using primiparous sows were compared: (1) conventional weaning (CW28) (n = 22), where piglets were weaned conventionally at day 28; (2) IS28 (n = 21), where IS started at day 21 until weaning at day 28; and (3) IS35 (n = 21), where IS started at day 28 until weaning at day 35. Sugar absorption tests (10% mannitol or 10% galactose) were used to measure GIT absorptive capacity. All measured parameters were compared in relation to weaning across treatments (i.e., different physiological ages were compared). The IS35 pigs grew fastest in the 12 days after weaning (p < 0.01) and had the highest solid feed intake before and after weaning (p < 0.05). Irrespective of treatment, pre-weaning mannitol levels were higher than post-weaning levels (p < 0.01), whereas post-weaning galactose levels were highest in IS35 pigs (p < 0.01). Cytokine data did not show any treatment effects. In conclusion, these data suggest that IS in combination with an older weaning age (day 35) improved post-weaning adaptation as evidenced by improvements in performance measures and galactose absorption. However, IS28 did not improve post-weaning performance
Unintended Consequences of a Segmentation Strategy: Exploring Constraint Recognition Among Black Women Targeted in HIV/AIDS Campaigns
Targeted health communication campaigns have attempted to educate and engage publics, yet
scholars and practitioners continue to refine best practices for predicting the outcomes of these
efforts. After more than 30 years of messaging aimed at HIV/AIDS education in America, contraction
rates among Black women continue to climb. Practitioners are challenged to better understand factors
impacting constraint recognition among Black women targeted by HIV/AIDS messaging. The
situational theory of publics provided a framework for segmenting and analyzing constraint
recognition among Black American women participating in this study. Findings indicate that
constraint recognition, when linked to salient cultural identity in the minds of targeted publics,
decreases message processing and increases fear of social stigma among targeted publics. The current
study contributes to the expanding body of public relations literature on health and adds to the
exploration of cultural identity as an antecedent variable in public relationsâ situational theory, which
Sha (1999) had identified as an area for further study. Results from this study suggested a process for
evaluating and avoiding the consequences of connecting constraints with identity in health campaigns
that include targeting strategies and reinforced the importance of intersectionality when seeking to
understand traditionally marginalized publicsâ identities
Abl Kinase Regulation by BRAF/ERK and Cooperation with Akt in Melanoma
The melanoma incidence continues to increase, and the disease remains incurable for many due to its metastatic nature and high rate of therapeutic resistance. In particular, melanomas harboring BRAFV600E and PTEN mutations often are resistant to current therapies, including BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi) and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Abl kinases (Abl/Arg) are activated in melanomas and drive progression; however, their mechanism of activation has not been established. Here we elucidate a novel link between BRAFV600E/ERK signaling and Abl kinases. We demonstrate that BRAFV600E/ERK play a critical role in binding, phosphorylating and regulating Abl localization and Abl/Arg activation by Src family kinases. Importantly, Abl/Arg activation downstream of BRAFV600E has functional and biological significance, driving proliferation, invasion, as well as switch in epithelialâmesenchymalâtransition transcription factor expression, which is known to be critical for melanoma cells to shift between differentiated and invasive states. Finally, we describe findings of high translational significance by demonstrating that Abl/Arg cooperate with PI3K/Akt/PTEN, a parallel pathway that is associated with intrinsic resistance to BRAFi and immunotherapy, as Abl/Arg and Akt inhibitors cooperate to prevent viability, cell cycle progression and in vivo growth of melanomas harboring mutant BRAF/PTEN. Thus, these data not only provide mechanistic insight into Abl/Arg regulation during melanoma development, but also pave the way for the development of new strategies for treating patients with melanomas harboring mutant BRAF/PTEN, which often are refractory to current therapies
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