Hippocampal - diencephalic - cingulate networks for memory and emotion: An anatomical guide

This review brings together current knowledge from tract tracing studies to update and reconsider those limbic connections initially highlighted by Papez for their presumed role in emotion. These connections link hippocampal and parahippocampal regions with the mammillary bodies, the anterior thalamic nuclei, and the cingulate gyrus, all structures now strongly implicated in memory functions. An additional goal of this review is to describe the routes taken by the various connections within this network. The original descriptions of these limbic connections saw their interconnecting pathways forming a serial circuit that began and finished in the hippocampal formation. It is now clear that with the exception of the mammillary bodies, these various sites are multiply interconnected with each other, including many reciprocal connections. In addition, these same connections are topographically organised, creating further subsystems. This complex pattern of connectivity helps explain the difficulty of interpreting the functional outcome of damage to any individual site within the network. For these same reasons, Papez’s initial concept of a loop beginning and ending in the hippocampal formation needs to be seen as a much more complex system of hippocampal–diencephalic–cingulate connections. The functions of these multiple interactions might be better viewed as principally providing efferent information from the posterior medial temporal lobe. Both a subcortical diencephalic route (via the fornix) and a cortical cingulate route (via retrosplenial cortex) can be distinguished. These routes provide indirect pathways for hippocampal interactions with prefrontal cortex, with the preponderance of both sets of connections arising from the more posterior hippocampal regions. These multi-stage connections complement the direct hippocampal projections to prefrontal cortex, which principally arise from the anterior hippocampus, thereby creating longitudinal functional differences along the anterior–posterior plane of the hippocampus

El centro está afuera: la jornada del peregrino

En su artículo, Victor Turner presentó una primera aproximación al estudio de las peregrinaciones en el marco de sus intereses teóricos: las unidades procesuales, la antiestructura, la liminalidad y la communitas. Con base en sus presupuestos teóricos y gracias a las posibilidades metodológicas que puso en práctica, analizó las distintas relaciones que —según su investigación— se establecerían en los sistemas de peregrinaje tanto en Asia, Europa y África como en las eufóricas peregrinaciones mexicanas que atrajeron especialmente su atención. Tras su estudio, el autor llegó a conclusiones tentativas y sin duda sustanciosas: una de ellas, que la jornada del peregrino siempre busca un lugar afuera de la estructura, el centro de peregrinación, el espacio de la communitas

Image and Pilgrimage in Christian Culture: Anthropological Perspectives

First published in 1978 and hailed by Culture as constituting an important foreshadowing of issues that have become prominent in more recent anthropology, this classic book, now updated and extensively revised, examines the theological doctrines and popular notions that promote and sustain Christian pilgrimage, including their corresponding symbols and images

Image and Pilgrimage in Christian Culture: Anthropological Perspectives

First published in 1978 and hailed by Culture as constituting an important foreshadowing of issues that have become prominent in more recent anthropology, this classic book, now updated and extensively revised, examines the theological doctrines and popular notions that promote and sustain Christian pilgrimage, including their corresponding symbols and images