Situated Identities of Young, African American Fathers in Low-Income Urban Settings

Young, low-income, African American fathers have been at the center of research, practice, and policy on families over the past decade. This article uses a voicing analytic technique to examine identities among young, low-income, African American fathers living in an urban setting; the intersections of these identities; and the fathers\u27 perceptions of the influences of familial, peer, and legal systems as barriers and resources in their development as fathers and the sustainability of their fathering roles. The primary questions addressed urban fathers\u27 representations of their transition to fatherhood, intergenerational relationships, transformative events, and visions of a possible self. Results from a survey, focus groups, and interviews suggest that the fathers seek to reinvent themselves and reconstruct their identities by separating from street life, redefine home as a place of stability, and challenge the practices of social and legal systems that appear to work against their responsible fathering

The effect of machining and induced surface deformation on the fatigue performance of a high strength metastable β titanium alloy

Metastable beta titanium alloys such as Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr (Ti-5553) are used for large aero-structural components. During processing these alloys are subject to costly machining operations. There is an industry demand to machine at improved metal removal rates (MRR) to meet increasing aircraft orders. To understand the effects of MRR on subsurface deformation and fatigue performance, fatigue coupons were end milled under two different industrial conditions. The surface roughness, residual stress and subsurface deformation was characterised and a custom four point bend fatigue testing was designed to determine the effect of MMR on cycles to failure. The study has demonstrated that an increase in MMR of 50% resulted in a LCF reduction of 57.37%. This was a direct result of increased subsurface damage and residual stresses

The Role of Student Attitudes and Beliefs About Mathematics and Science Learning in Academic Achievement: Evidence From TIMSS for Six Nations

In view of the prevalent belief among parents, educators, and policy makers that positive student attitudes and beliefs about mathematics learning are associated with higher academic achievement, Turner and Boe (1999) recently examined this association using data from the Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) for seventh- and eighth-grade students in the United States. In light of the substantial support found by Turner and Boe for such attitude-achievement relationships under statistically controlled conditions, the research reported here was designed to expand upon the prior study by quantifying the strength of these relationships in both mathematics and science and to extend the analysis to other nations. To examine cross-national similarities and differences in attitude-achievement relationships, Singapore, Korea, and Hong Kong (representing the Peoples\u27 Republic of China 1) were selected from the East, and Switzer­land, Germany, and the United States were selected from the West

Faculty and Staff Perspectives

University of Dayton is an employer across all sorts of levels. We are citizens of the University in lots of ways, and what we contribute as faculty and staff creates the place. We have longevity that students do not have. We hope that this will develop into a deeper dive into the University of Dayton\u27s past and thinking about the lives of Black faculty and staff. This isn’t the culmination of a project but rather a beginning of thinking about learning from and remembering that past because if we don’t cultivate these things, we lose them. This is what we’re doing today. We’re going to feature the voices of Black faculty and staff who have contributed to the life of our University, many of whom keep the University running and going. These proceedings are available free for download but also available for purchase in print for $6 plus tax and shipping.https://ecommons.udayton.edu/global_voices_4/1012/thumbnail.jp

<i>Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense</i> transmitted by a single tsetse fly bite in vervet monkeys as a model of human African trypanosomiasis

Sleeping sickness is caused by a species of trypanosome blood parasite that is transmitted by tsetse flies. To understand better how infection with this parasite leads to disease, we provide here the most detailed description yet of the course of infection and disease onset in vervet monkeys. One infected tsetse fly was allowed to feed on each host individual, and in all cases infections were successful. The characteristics of infection and disease were similar in all hosts, but the rate of progression varied considerably. Parasites were first detected in the blood 4-10 days after infection, showing that migration of parasites from the site of fly bite was very rapid. Anaemia was a key feature of disease, with a reduction in the numbers and average size of red blood cells and associated decline in numbers of platelets and white blood cells. One to six weeks after infection, parasites were observed in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), indicating that they had moved from the blood into the brain; this was associated with a white cell infiltration. This study shows that fly-transmitted infection in vervets accurately mimics human disease and provides a robust model to understand better how sleeping sickness develops

Porous silicon formation and electropolishing

Electrochemical etching of silicon in hydrofluoride containing electrolytes leads to pore formation for low and to electropolishing for high applied current. The transition between pore formation and polishing is accompanied by a change of the valence of the electrochemical dissolution reaction. The local etching rate at the interface between the semiconductor and the electrolyte is determined by the local current density. We model the transport of reactants and reaction products and thus the current density in both, the semiconductor and the electrolyte. Basic features of the chemical reaction at the interface are summarized in law of mass action type boundary conditions for the transport equations at the interface. We investigate the linear stability of a planar and flat interface. Upon increasing the current density the stability flips either through a change of the valence of the dissolution reaction or by a nonlinear boundary conditions at the interface.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figure