THE CONSTRUCTION AND MAXIMAL SET OF MUTUALLY ORTHOGONAL LATIN SQUARES

Given aset of permutation {p1,p2, … . pk} on aset S, we say that the set of permutation is transitive on S if for every ordered pair of elements a,b € S, there exists at least on Pi for which (a) Pi=b. A permutation set for which there is exactly one Pi which maps a to b is called Sharply transitive.For example, if on the set consisting of the three elements {1,2,3} we represent the permutation which maps 1 3 ,2 2 and 3 1by (321). Then the following set of permutation is transitive.(123),(132),(213) and (321) and the last three permutation form sharply transitive set. This construction give a set of mutually orthogonal latin squares. A set S of mutually orthogonal latin squares(MOLS) is maximal if no latin square is orthogonal to each member of S

ON THE NUMBER AND EQUIVALENT LATIN SQUARES

we determine the number of Latin rectangles with 11 columns and each possible number of rows, In clouding the Latin squares of order11. Also answer some questions of Alter by showing that the number of reduced Latin squares of order n is divisible by Fi where f is a particular integer close to

Discovery of new 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives as anticancer agents targeting EGFR\u3csup\u3eWT\u3c/sup\u3e and EGFR\u3csup\u3eT790M\u3c/sup\u3e

New 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives were designed and synthesised to act as epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRIs). The synthesised derivatives were assessed for their in vitro anti-proliferative activities against A549 and HCT-116 cancer cells. Compounds 8, 10, 12a, and 12b showed potent anti-proliferative activities. Compound 12b was the most promising member with IC50 values of 8.21 and 19.56 µM against A549 and HCT-116, respectively. Compounds 8, 10, 12a, and 12b were evaluated for their kinase inhibitory activities against wild EGFR (EGFRWT). Compound 12b was the most potent member showing an IC50 value of 0.016 µM. In addition, compound 12b showed noticeable activity against mutant EGFR (EGFRT790M) (IC50 = 0.236 µM). Flow cytometric analyses revealed that compound 12b is a good apoptotic inducer and can arrest the cell cycle at S and G2/M phases. Furthermore, it produced an 8.8-fold increase in BAX/Bcl-2 ratio. Molecular docking studies were carried out against EGFRWT and EGFRT790M

Motion control of a population of Artemias

In this work, the collective behavior of Artemia Salina is studied both experimentally and theoretically. Several experiments have been designed to investigate the Artemia motion under different environment conditions. From the results of such experiments, a strategy to control the direction of motion of an Artemia population, by exploiting their sensitivity to light, has been derived and then implemented

STRESS ANALYSIS COMPARING EFFECT OF TWO DIFFERENT CAD-CAM IMPLANT SUPERSTRUCTURE MATERIALS (IN-VITRO STUDY)

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the micro-strain around dental implant using two different CAD/CAM crown fabricated materials through strain gauge analysis. Materials and Methods: Five dental implants were fixed in a 5 previously drilled solid rigid polyurethane test blocks in the edentulous area with neighboring abutments mesial and distal printed out using special 3D Dental printer, Cyanoacrylate adhesive was then used to fix the printed-out part on to the polyurethane test blocks, creating the bounded saddle replicas. Ten CAD/CAM screw retained crowns were fabricated; five Enamic crowns from vita enamic blocks, and five zirconia crowns from presintered katana zirconium blocks. Each crown was cemented to abutment and screwed over the implant fixture. Two strain gauges were installed on their corresponding prepared sites to measure the micro-strains in the medium surrounding the implant. For each tested implant, loads were applied by a universal testing machine, micro-strains were recorded with the strain gauges and stress distribution around the implant was statistically evaluated. Results: Micro-strain recording revealed a statistically significant difference in mean micro-strain recording applied in central fossa between Zirconia and Enamic, for both the buccal and lingual measurements, Enamic was significantly lower than Zirconia. Conclusion: The modulus of elasticity of restorative materials has a meaningful effect on forces applied to dental implant and transmitted to the supporting bone

Solving realistic large-scale ill-conditioned power flow cases based on combination of numerical solvers

With the increasing electricity consumption and difficulty in upgrading exis-ting infrastructures, ill-conditioned power flow (PF) cases are becomingmore frequent nowadays. In this context, classical robust solvers may beunsuitable for realistic networks, which typically encompass thousands ofbuses, because of their high computational burden or low convergence rate.This article tackles this issue by proposing a novel PF solver, which presentsacceptable robustness and efficiency in solving large-scale ill-conditioned sys-tems. The proposed algorithm collects the advantage of various numericalsolvers, which by separate present different weaknesses, but actuating in coor-dination their strengths can be jointly exploited. More precisely, the robustForward-Euler and Trapezoidal rules are combined with the efficient Darvishicubic technique. Thereby, an original predictor-corrector algorithm is devel-oped to effectively coordinate the different numerical algorithms involved,obtaining a robust but efficient yet solution procedure. Various large-scale ill-conditioned benchmark systems are studied under different stressing condi-tions. The results obtained with the developed technique are promising, out-performing other robust and standard PF solvers

Uncertainty-aware day-ahead scheduling of microgrids considering response fatigue: An IGDT approach

The implantation of demand response programs may be unsuccessful due to a variety of reasons. One of the most important is the so-called response fatigue, which refers to the discouragement experienced by consumers when they received an excessive number of signals from the operator. This circumstance is, however, typically ignored in energy management tools of electrical energy systems. To solve this issue, this paper proposes an uncertainty-aware day-ahead optimal scheduling tool for grid-connected microgrids based on information gap decision theory, which incorporates additional constraints to bound the duration of demand response signals. Thereby, the harmful effects caused by response fatigue are lessened. The developed optimization problem is formulated as a Mixed-Integer-Linear programming, which is solvable using standard solvers and versatile enough to be adapted to different system layouts. A benchmark case study serves to show the effectiveness of the developed methodology to manage with uncertainties, while the effect of response fatigue in consumers is bounded to acceptable thresholds. As a sake of example, the developed methodology is able to determine a scheduling plan with a total renewable generation 50% lower compared with the deterministic case, while the total demand is overestimated by ∼20%, in which the effect of response fatigue is kept within acceptable bounds yet. Accurateness and efficiency of the new proposal are also checked by making a comparison with other uncertainties modelling

Mann-Iteration Process for Power Flow Calculation of Large-Scale Ill-Conditioned Systems: Theoretical Analysis and Numerical Results

Power Flow solution of realistic ill-conditioned systems has recently attracted huge attention. Nevertheless, there are still some gaps in this field. For example, most of available references do not provide exhaustive theoretical analysis about convergence properties of proposed approaches. In addition, efficient solution of large-scale ill-conditioned systems is still an open topic. This paper tackles these issues by comprehensively studying the suitability of the Mann Iteration Process for the solution of ill-conditioned systems. A comprehensive theoretical analysis is provided, from which is demonstrated that the Mann Iteration Process has with asymptotic stability, may achieve a high convergence rate and constitutes a robust methodology, improving the contractive properties of the Newton-Raphson method. Moreover, some interesting links with other Power-Flow approaches are obtained as by-product. Several numerical experiments serve to confirm the theoretical findings and to compare the performance of the Mann Iteration Process with other well-known PF solvers. In all cases, the results obtained with the Mann Iteration Process are superior to that obtained using other methodologies, being able to efficiently solve various large-scale ill-conditioned systems

Prospects of Biogas and Evaluation of Unseen Livestock Based Resource Potential As Distributed Generation in India

The power sector of developing countries is the backbone of the economy, and robust implementation of energy policies can play a significant role in its expansion. India is blessed to have ample natural resources; the only necessity is to identify these unseen resources comprehensively. India is an agricultural country with plenty of livestock generated biomass, which is renewable and easily accessible in rural India. The paper estimated the potential of electrical energy through biogas production from livestock generated dung in all states of India. Estimation of biogas from the gross livestock dung generation from all states and largely populated livestock species of the country is annually 2633 million tons which correspondingly projects the annual biogas potential of 265,542 million m3. This magnificent potential unbolts the proposals and implementation of biogas plants as a distributed generation to strengthen India’s power sector

Optimal Model Predictive Control for Virtual Inertia Control of Autonomous Microgrids

For the time being, renewable energy source (RES) penetration has significantly increased in power networks, particularly in microgrids. The overall system inertia is dramatically decreased by replacing traditional synchronous machines with RES. This negatively affects the microgrid dynamics under uncertainties, lowering the microgrid frequency stability, specifically in the islanded mode of operation. Therefore, this work aims to enhance the islanded microgrid frequency resilience using the virtual inertia frequency control concept. Additionally, optimal model predictive control (MPC) is employed in the virtual inertial control model. The optimum design of the MPC is attained using an optimization algorithm, the African Vultures Optimization Algorithm (AVOA). To certify the efficacy of the proposed controller, the AVOA-based MPC is compared with a conventional proportional–integral (PI) controller that is optimally designed using various optimization techniques. The actual data of RES is utilized, and a random load power pattern is applied to achieve practical simulation outcomes. Additionally, the microgrid paradigm contains battery energy storage (BES) units for enhancing the islanded microgrid transient stability. The simulation findings show the effectiveness of AVOA-based MPC in improving the microgrid frequency resilience. Furthermore, the results secure the role of BES in improving transient responses in the time domain simulations. The simulation outcomes are obtained using MATLAB software