Determination of Temporal Change Land Use / Land Cover Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System Techniques the Central District of Samsun (1984-2011)

In our day natural resources fall short against endless human needs and increasing population. It is required for lands which are the leading natural resources to be used and planned according to natural environment potential. This study was conducted in Central district of Samsun province covered about 341 km2 and located between the latitudes 41° 25‟ 52”- 41° 12‟ 22” to 41° 42‟ 34” to north and longitudes 36° 09‟ 52”-36° 24‟ 31” east. Determination of land use efficiency of district selected for this study using satellite image and GIS was aimed. For this purpose the data of General Directorate of Rural Services which belongs to 1984 year, ASTER satellite images which belongs to 2005 and 2011 years and topographic maps were used. For performing calculations in ENVI 5.0v software unclassified classification applied and four main classes were formed. For determining the unclassified classes as classified the field work applied. The result of the classification forest, pasture, farm lands and non agricultural areas were determined as land use-land covers. For determining land use efficiency analog data were digitized and transferred to GIS database. Land use types and land use capability classes of 1984 year converted raster data by using GIS. Land use types of 1993, land use types of 2005 and 2011 and land use capability classes were compared. As the result of the comparison urbanization and unintended use increased in I., II. and III. class lands. In 1984 agricultural land has 24313.76 ha while, this amount decreased to 10120.96 ha in 2005 and 6960.69 ha in 2011. On the other hand, while non-agricultural area was 1893.36 in 1984, this area increased to 6301.66 ha in 2005 and 7917.73 ha in 2011. In addition, this study showed that to determine and to monitory for large areas‟ land cover and land use trend, remote sensing and geographic information system techniques have important role to generate accoriance and fast data

Determination Of Agricultural Land Suitability Classes For Samsun Province Based On Parametric And Hierarchy Approaches

Arazi kalite indeksi agro-ekosistemlerinin değerlendirilmesinde önemli bir araçtır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, parametrik (AKIg) ve hiyerarşik (AKIa) yaklaşımlı iki farklı arazi kalite indeks modeli kullanılarak Samsun iline ait arazilerin tarımsal amaçlı arazi uygunluk sınıflamasının belirlenmesi ve haritalanmasıdır. 9579 km2 alana sahip olan Samsun ilinden 995 adet yuzey toprak örneklemesi yapılmıştır. Arazi özelliklerinden derinlik ve eğim, fizikokimyasal toprak özelliklerinden ise bunye, pH, EC, kireç, verimlilik özelliklerinden ise fosfor, potasyum ve azot olmak uzere toplam 9 faktör ile toplam veri seti (TVS) oluşturulmuştur. Minimum veri setin (MVS) oluşturulmasında ise temel bileşenler analizi uygulanmıştır. TVS’ne göre AKIa ve AKIg modellerine ait dağılım haritalarının oluşturulmasında Kriging’in basit ussel ve Gaussian modelleri kullanılmıştır. Her iki modele göre çalışma alanının yaklaşık %15’i işlemeli tarıma arazi kalitesi bakımından hiçbir zaman uygun değilken, yaklaşık % 30’u ise çok uygun ve uygun olduğu belirlenmiştir. MVS’ne göre AKIa ve AKIg modellerine ait dağılım haritalarının oluşturulmasında ise Kriging’in basit ussel ve doğal kuresel modelleri kullanılmıştır. Buna göre, AKİa için toplam alanın %29,5’si çok uygun ve uygun iken, AKİg yaklaşımı için % 22.1’i uygun ve çok uygun sınıf olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, TVS ve MVS’ne göre AKIa ve AKIg lineer korelasyon ve kappa istatistik analizleri ile karşılaştırıldığında ise TVS-AKIa modelinin en yuksek değere sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.Land quality index is an important tool for evaluating agro-ecosystem. The aim of this study is to determine and agricultural land suitability classes for Samsun province based on two different land quality indexes model (parametric-AKIg and hierarchy-AKIa) approaches and to create maps of them. Total 995 soil samples were taken from soil surface (0-20cm) in Samsun province covers about 9579 km2. Total data set (TDS) consists of nine land and physic-chemical soil properties (soil depth, slope, texture, pH, EC, lime content, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. In order to generate MDS, principal component analysis was done. Exponential and Gaussian of simple kriging models were used to generate distribution map of the AKIa and AKIg suitability classes in TDS. According to results, about 15% total study area is not suitable for agricultural activities whereas, about 30% of it is suitable and highly suitable for agricultural usage. In addition, Exponential simple of kriging models were used to generate distribution map of the AKIa and AKIg suitability classes in MDS. According to results, about 29.5% total study area was found as suitableand highly suitable for agricultural activities in AKIa model while, about 22.1% of it is suitable and highly suitable for agricultural usages in AKIg model. Moreover, the results of linear correlation and kappa statistical analysis showed that land quality was better estimated using AKIa, compared to the AKIg in TDS and MDS

Determination of Physical, Chemical and Fertility Properties of Soils Used for Tea Cultivation in East Part of the Çataklı River Basin

The aim of this study was to determine physical, chemical and nutritional status of soils (Camellia sinensis L.) in east side of Çataklı River Basin, in which tea (Camellia sinensis L.) has been cultivated. A total of 32 soil sample were collected from 16 locations including both surface (0-30 cm) and subsurface (30-60 cm) while taking slope, elevation and physiographic units into consideration. 16 different soil parameters; texture, pH, EC, lime, organic material, Na, K, Ca, Mg, N, P, K, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn were analyzed and descriptive statistical properties were calculated. According to the results, sand, clay, and silty content of the surface soil were determined as 28.40-77.68%, 7.60-46.88% and 14.72-34.72%, respectively, whereas sand, clay, and silty content of subsurface soil were found as 41.12 -81.12%, 6.88-40.88% and 12-34% in study area. In addition, dominant texture of the surface and subsurface study area soils were determined as sandy loam. pH values of surface soil were between 3.76 and 5.63 while, subsurface soils were between 3.70 and 6.62. Organic matter content of the surface soils were between 0.61% and 3.01%, while subsurface soils were between 0.48% and 4.24%. Although nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents, which are called macro nutrients of soils, are generally inadequate, there is no problem in the micronutrients, copper and iron, while zinc and manganese contents are found inadequate

Evaluation of the suitability of sites for outdoor recreation using a multi-criteria assessment model

WOS: 000443447900004The determination of the suitability of a site for recreation is a complex process that requires the integration of several criteria. The main aim of the current study carried out in the Egirdir district of southern Turkey was to determine the most suitable zones for outdoor recreation by applying new methodological approach. Large volumes of spatial data and multiple criteria were assessed simultaneously by utilising the linear combination technique and a hierarchical analysis in association with GIS to rank the suitability of a mosaic of contiguous, semi-natural sites for outdoor recreation. According to obtained results, 33.1% was deemed very suitable or suitable for outdoor recreational activities, whereas 25.8% was determined as less suitable and 41.1% not suitable for outdoor recreation place in the study area. In addition, in order to investigate temporal changes in human activities, land use and land cover detection analysis was performed for the period 1988 to 2016 inclusive. The number of potential recreational sites increased over time, based on the increased amount of forested and grassed areas. On the other hand, increasing artificial area and decreasing shrub lands caused reduction of the potential recreational sites during the 28-year period