Suspected neonatal isoerythrolysis with concurrent Actinomyces hyovaginalis in a foal

Objectives: This case report aimed at diagnosing and instituting timely intervention to avert Neonatal Isoerythrolysis with concurrent infections in foals. Material and Methods: Baby Dokki is a one day old, filly, foal, pony cross, weighing about 20kg. She is managed in a stable with its dam. Baby Dokki was found dead a day after her birth. Post mortem examination revealed a generalized jaundice in the mucous membrane, muscles and aorta. Besides that, the synovial fluids were also thicken and yellowish. As well, the large intestine contains very hard greenish fecal material obstructing the rectum. Softer yellowish fecal material was found to be impacted dorsal to the hard fecal material. Results: Furthermore, the bacteriology result divulged the presence of Actinomyces hyovaginalis. In addition, blood was also collected from the mare and the stallion to check for blood compatibility. Conclusion: Thus, the case was diagnosed as suspected neonatal isoerythrolysis with concurrent Actinomyces hyovaginalis infection

Current updates on diagnostic methodologies for tick-borne hemoparasitic diseases in equids: A review

Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) or otherwise called equine piroplasmosis (EP) are the foremost economic limitations to equids production. Thus, reducing the breeding capability and athletic performance of equids globally. Identification of these haemoparasites is crucial in understanding their distribution in the population and it is imperative to discern between species and subspecies that are responsible for the occurrence of the disease conditions. Conventional procedures such as microscopic and serological evaluations do not usually meet these prerequisites. Diagnostic contrivances, such as the complement fixation test (CFT), the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) have been efficaciously used for many years. Furthermore, DNA-based investigations for identification, differentiation and classification of different haemoparasites have also been established. Molecular diagnostic procedures, such as DNA hybridization, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), transcriptomics, proteomics, metagenomics and metabolomics, permit the uncovering of parasites in blood, tissues or ticks with optimal sensitivity, specificity and consistency. In addition, these procedures can be exploited to detect definite species and subspecies. The prerequisite of these investigations must include proper premeditation and validation, these investigations provide an effective device for molecular studies, with greater benefits of flexibility to standardization. The application of these procedures for studying TBDs or EP globally will be irreplaceable for a long period from now. Therefore, the aim of this review is to draw up the specifics of the procedures in more convenient form for practitioners and researchers. KEY WORDS: Diagnosis, equids, molecular, transcriptomics, proteomics, metagenomics, metabolomics, haemoparasites, tick-borne diseases [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2016; 3(2.000): 84-91