Kumpulan materi pelatihan untuk pendampingan masyarakat : dikembangkan dari penglaman pelatihan pendamping pebgelolaan hutan berbasis masyarakat/ Butarbutar

82 hal.: ill.; 27 cm

Kumpulan materi pelatihan untuk pendampingan masyarakat : dikembangkan dari penglaman pelatihan pendamping pebgelolaan hutan berbasis masyarakat/ Butarbutar

82 hal.: ill.; 27 cm

Harvested wood products and REDD+: looking beyond the forest border

Abstract Background The focus of REDD+ is sensu stricto on maintaining forest carbon stocks. We extend the scope of sustainable management of forest from forests to timber utilization, and study carbon offsets resulting from the utilization of harvested timber for bio energy or harvested wood products (HWPs). The emission budget of harvesting operations depends on the loss of standing biomass by timber extracted from the forest site and logging losses on the one side, and on the other on the wood end use and the utilization of processing residues. We develop two scenarios to quantify the magnitude of CO2 emissions by (1) energetic utilization, and (2) energetic and material utilization of harvested timber and compare the substitution effects for different fossil energy sources. Results The direct energetic use of harvested timber does not compensate for the losses of forest carbon stock. Logging residuals and displacement factors reflecting different wood use constitute by far the most important factor in potential emission reductions. Substitution effects resulting from energetic use of mill residuals and from HWPs have only a subordinated contribution to the total emissions as well as the type of fossil fuel utilized to quantify substitution effects. Material substitution effects associated with harvested wood products show a high potential to increase the climate change benefits. Conclusions The observation and perception of REDD+ should not be restricted to sustainable management and reduced impact logging practices in the forest domain but should be extended to the utilization of extracted timber. Substitution effects from material and energetic utilization of harvested timber result in considerable emission reductions, which can compensate for the loss of forest carbon, and eventually contribute to the overall climate change mitigation benefits from forestry sector

Carbon recovery following selective logging in tropical rainforests in Kalimantan, Indonesia

Abstract Background The knowledge gap regarding post-logging carbon recovery by increased growth is becoming more crucial to understand the significant contribution of forest to climate change mitigation. We assessed the ability of tropical forests in Indonesia to recover carbon following conventional logging. We evaluated carbon re-growth of 10,415 trees in permanent sample plots (PSPs) in East Kalimantan. Four different post-harvesting silvicultural treatments including liberation, refining, thinning, and control were applied in the PSPs. We estimated the carbon recovery period using three different scenarios of total carbon losses due to logging. In the first scenario, we used an existing factor of logging damage and increased it for assuming the range of carbon losses due to different logging practices. Results Under the existing conventional logging practice, the concession annually emits 51.18 tC∙ha− 1, of which 16.8% are extracted from the forest as raw timber, 38% are logging losses, and 45.2% are emissions due to infrastructure development for logging operation. Increasing the logging damage factor two and three times led to an increase in carbon emission to 70.76 and 90.34 tC∙ha− 1, respectively. The recovery time of the aboveground carbon is 26 years in Scenario 1, 36 years in Scenario 2, and 46 years in Scenario 3. We found no significant effect of the silvicultural treatment type on carbon recovery, but significant effect of the sites was observed. Conclusions We found that the time taken to restore the carbon to the level found in undisturbed forests is considerably longer than the current intervention cycles. The time needed to recover biomass and carbon-stock noticeably depends on the intensity of logging interventions, demonstrating the benefits of using improved harvesting e.g., reduced impact logging to reduce emissions. The study found that site variability has a significant effect on the carbon recovery time. Different silvicultural treatments, on the other hand, have no effect on the recovery time. The study suggests that it is not appropriate to establish an intervention cycle based on arbitrary choice; the time between interventions must be based on logging losses and site specific growth potential to ensure sustainable management of forests

BIOCHAR YANG DIPRODUKSI DENGAN TUNGKU DRUM TERTUTUP RETORT MEMBERIKAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN YANG LEBIH TINGGI (BIOCHAR PRODUCED BY RETORT CLOSED DRUM KILN PROMOTES HIGHER PLANT GROWTH RATE)

ABSTRACTInterests on biochar application for the improvement of soil properties and fertily are increasing worldwide nowadays and numerous of production techniques are now available. This research was aimed at the investigation (a) on the characteristics biochar produced by 3 (three) different techniques, i.e: (1) traditional soil pit, (2) retort closed drum and (3) open drum kilns, as well as (b) on growth (height, leaf number and survival) response of Shorea leprosula seedling to 20%v biochar application on bioassay trial in the nursery. Bioassay trial was carried out in nursery of Forestry Faculty of Mulawarman University, Samarinda, Indonesia and was in accordance with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) applying 4 treatments and 3 replications.Of those 3 production techniques, retort closed drum kiln production technique was the most promising for further development and adoption providing not only that the biochar produced gave better properties and soil improvement capacity but also higher production recovery and less time and labour involvement. Furthermore, eventhough it was not statistically significant, biochar produced by retort closed drum gave better growth (height and leaf number) rate to S. leprosula seedlings in bioassay trial compared to those given by biochar produced by other techniques and without biochar treatments

Fish fauna of peatland waters in the middle Mahakam, Kutai Kartanegara, East Kalimantan, Indonesia

A field study was carried out to collect fish from the lake and streams/rivers around the peatland from December 2020 to February 2021. Fishing gears such as gillnet, snakehead pole and line, lift net, trap net ("sawaran", "julu"), and fish pot ("tokong", "pangilar", "bubu" or "lukah" and "tempirai") were operated. Sampling sites, water velocities, and water depth were measured using GPS Garmin 60 CSX, current meter hydrologic velocity meter, and fishfinder Portable, respectively. Generally, water velocities of streams measured were much more rapid than the lakes ranging between 0.33 m/s (at water depth: 4.20 m) and 0,69 m/s (at water depth: 6.80 m); and "not detected" (at water depth: 2.40 m) and 0.34 m/s (at water depth: 1.20 m) respectively. Of 7,377 fish samples, there were 50 species discovered belonging to 19 families. Cyprinidae was the most populated in individuals and species as well (1,022 Ind.; 21 taxa). It was followed by Bagridae (63 Ind.; five taxa), Channidae (53 Ind.; three taxa), Clariidae (10 Ind.; three taxa), Siluridae (403 Ind.; three taxa), while other families had just one taxon. Diversity was observed higher in streams (35 species) than lakes (30 species). Local fishers are still performing unselective fishing for feeding fish cage culture