To the Mathematical Theory of the Temkin Adsorption Model

This study expands the mathematical theory of the Temkin adsorption model and demonstrates the way experimental data are to be additionally treated. A functional complement property of the Temkin isotherm has been studied as a particular case of the common theory of asymptotic complement. This property is shown to give rise to various analytical strategies to be employed for processing or interpretation of the experimental results, e.g. to perform mapping of data obtained in experiments onto a conjugated part of the true isotherm, to judge if presupposed energetic heterogeneity type of the surface really takes place, etc. Experimental data for adsorption of carbon monoxide on gold and of sodium oleate on steel with and without a magnetite coating have been extensively analysed

Multiplex Real Time PCR Test-System for the Detection of Anthrax Causative Agent

Designed is a multiplex PCR-RT test-system for the detection of anthrax causative agent using hybridization fluorescence detection – “ Bacillus anthracis multiplex 3 FRT”. This test-system contains enclosed reference sample for carrying out control procedure in the phase of DNA purification, primers and probes to specific DNA target sequences of the two plasmid and one chromosomal B. anthracis genes. It allows for identification B. anthracis strains both possessing plasmids (one or two) and plasmidless, revealing their genetic pathogenicity potential, and for differentiation between anthrax agent strains and closely related saprophytes belonging to Bacillus species

Application of <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> Molecular Typing Methods by the Reference Center for the Anthrax Agent Monitoring

Presented are the results of B. anthracis molecular typing of in the scope of work of the Reference center for the anthrax agent monitoring. Summarized is the experience of genotyping application in epidemiological investigation of anthrax outbreaks. MLVA-genotyping (8-25 VNTR-loci analysis) of B. anthracis strains, isolated in Russia and in neighboring regions is shown to provide the correct comparison of genotypes with the data of the global MLVA-data bank. The major tasks of reference center for the development of approaches to B. anthracis genotyping are identified. These approaches include research of additional genotyping methods such as SNP analysis, SNR analysis with assessment of the described loci variability and identification of new polymorphic regions

Cellulose Acetate Sulfate as a Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Polyelectrolyte: Synthesis, Properties, and Application

The optimal conditions of cellulose acetate sulfate (CAS) homogeneous synthesis with the yield of 94–98 wt.% have been determined. CAS was confirmed to have an even distribution of functional groups along the polymer chain. The polymer was characterized by an exceptionally high water solubility (up to 70 wt.%). The isothermal diagrams of its solubility in water-alcohol media have been obtained. CAS aqueous solutions stability, electrolytic, thermal, and viscous properties have been defined. The main hydrodynamic characteristics such as intrinsic viscosity, Huggins constant, and crossover concentration have been evaluated. The parameters of polymer chain thermodynamic rigidity have been calculated. The formation of liquid crystalline structures in concentrated CAS solutions has been confirmed. CAS was recommended to be used as a binder for the medicinal forms of activated carbon and carbon sorbent for water treatment, hydrophilic ointment foundation

Analysis of the Anthrax Morbidity Rate in the Russian Federation in 2011, and Prognosis for 2012

Carried out is the analysis of epidemiological situation on anthrax in 2011, both in the Russian Federation and around the world. The results of the analysis bear evidence of the fact that in the constituent units of the federal districts of Southern Russia and Siberia anthrax morbidity in humans will be retained at the annual average level (characteristic of the recent decade) - ranging from 1 to 20 cases of the disease

Statin-induced rhabdomyolysis in a 60-year-old woman with decompensated type 2 diabetes: a case report

Rhabdomyolysis is a very rare and most severe form of statin-induced muscle adverse event characterized by muscle pain, muscle necrosis with myoglobinemia and/or myoglobinuria with a very high risk of acute kidney injury and death. The article presents a case report of developing rhabdomyolysis in a middleaged female patient with hypertension, decompensated type 2 diabetes and albuminuria. A 60-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for emergency indications with complaints of severe muscle weakness that began in the neck, which spread over several days to the upper and lower extremities, with a symptoms progression up to paresis. According to the appointment of a primary care physician, three months before hospitalization, the patient was switched from therapy with European generic brand-name rosuvastatin 20 mg to the Russian generic unbranded atorvastatin in the same dose (20 mg), which is not comparable in lipid-lowering effect. In a laboratory study, an increase in creatine phosphokinase level by 348 times (50462 U/L) of upper normal limit in combination with severe hypokalemia 1б7 mmol/L in the absence of renal dysfunction was recorded. Cancellation of statin, metformin and empagliflozin, intensive infusion therapy and treating electrolyte imbalance made it possible to prevent the development of acute renal damage, life-threatening arrhythmias and completely stop muscle complaints within a few days. The patient was discharged from the hospital on the 23rd day with reference clinical and laboratory values, including creatine phosphokinase.This case emphasizes the importance of maintaining clinical suspicion regarding rhabdomyolysis in patients receiving statin therapy in the presence of risk factors (in this case, female sex, hyperglycemia, chronic kidney disease, concomitant therapy), as well as the relevance of timely diagnosis and treatment of this condition

Unresolved issues of increasing physical activity after myocardial infarction

The review presents the results of studies on the problems of increasing the efficiency of rational  physical  activity  within the concept of comprehensive secondary  prevention of myocardial  infarction. The aspects of insufficient adherence of specialists and patients to rehabilitation methods were discussed; possible safe exercise modes after infarction and available monitoring methods were given. We also described the potential characteristics of physical training, taking into account the initial clinical severity  and completeness of revascularization after myocardial infarction. In addition, the need for socio-economic,  as well as informational support of the state and healthcare system has been updated

Caffeine Inhibits EGF-Stimulated Trophoblast Cell Motility through the Inhibition of mTORC2 and Akt.

Impaired trophoblast invasion is associated with pregnancy disorders such as early pregnancy loss and preeclampsia. There is evidence to suggest that the consumption of caffeine during pregnancy may increase the risk of pregnancy loss; however, little is known about the direct effect of caffeine on normal trophoblast biology. Our objectives were to examine the effect of caffeine on trophoblast migration and motility after stimulation with epidermal growth factor (EGF) and to investigate the intracellular signaling pathways involved in this process. Primary first-trimester extravillous trophoblasts (EVT) and the EVT-derived cell line SGHPL-4 were used to study the effect of caffeine on EGF-stimulated cellular motility using time-lapse microscopy. SGHPL-4 cells were further used to study the effect of caffeine and cAMP on EGF-stimulated invasion of fibrin gels. The influence of caffeine and cAMP on EGF-stimulated intracellular signaling pathways leading to the activation of Akt were investigated by Western blot analysis. Caffeine inhibits both EGF-stimulated primary EVT and SGHPL-4 cell motility. EGF stimulation activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and Akt and caffeine inhibit this activation. Although cAMP inhibits both motility and invasion, it does not inhibit the activation of Akt, indicating that the effects of caffeine seen in this study are independent of cAMP. Further investigation indicated a role for mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) as a target for the inhibitory effect of caffeine. In conclusion, we demonstrate that caffeine inhibits EGF-stimulated trophoblast invasion and motility in vitro and so could adversely influence trophoblast biology in vivo

Comparative Study of Lytic Activity and Specificity of Anthrax Bacteriophages Gamma A-26, K VIEV, VA-9 and Fah-VNIIVV&M Batches

Studied are diagnostic properties of four anthrax bacteriophages. Indicated are various spectra of specific lytic activity and specificity of bacteriophages Gamma A-26, K VIEV, VA-9 and Fah-VNIIVV&M. K VIEV, VA-9 bacteriophages with wide spectrum of specific activity possess relatively low specificity. On the contrary, Fah-VNIIVV&M bacteriophage with high specificity exhibited narrow spectrum of specific lytic activity. Gamma A-26 bacteriophage is proposed for application as a diagnostic one, as it lyzes B. anthracis strains of all types, its specificity being equal to 90 %