Severe soft tissue infection with septic shock caused by Streptococcus canis sequence type 9 harboring M-like protein allele 1 in a miniature dachshund

We report a case of Streptococcus canis-induced severe soft tissue infection (SSTI) in the left hindlimb of a miniature dachshund (male/13-year-old), with septic shock. The dog underwent immediate exploration/debridement of necrotic area in the hindlimb, with imipenem administration after culture sampling. The pathogen was isolated from necrotic tissue and blood, and then identified using mass spectrometry/molecular characterization (sequence type 9 harboring M-like protein allele 1). The dog experienced recurrent soft tissue inflammation in the hindlimb 115 days after onset and received ampicillin treatment, after which the dog was cured without further recurrence. This is the first report of an animal cured of SSTI in Japan. S. canis should be considered a causative bacterium when examining/treating animals with SSTI and recurrence

Antimicrobial Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Dogs and Cats in Primary Veterinary Hospitals in Japan

We collected 200 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from dogs and cats in primary veterinary hospitals in Japan to investigate their antimicrobial resistance. Resistance rates against ciprofloxacin, cefotaxime, gentamicin, amikacin, and fosfomycin were 9%, 12.5%, 4.5%, 2.5%, and 35.5%, respectively. One strain displayed resistance (0.5%) to ceftazidime. We did not detect any imipenem-resistant or multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa strains as defined by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare Law Concerning the Prevention of Infections and Medical Care for Patients with Infections. In addition, we did not find any P. aeruginosa isolates that produced metallo-β-lactamase, the aminoglycoside 6\u27-N-acetyltransferase AAC(6\u27)-Iae, or the aminoglycoside acetyltransferase AAC(6\u27)-Ib

Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance in <i>Serratia</i> spp. and <i>Citrobacter</i> spp. Isolates from Companion Animals in Japan: Nosocomial Dissemination of Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant <i>Citrobacter freundii</i>

In many countries including Japan, the status of emerging antimicrobial resistance among Serratia spp. and Citrobacter spp. in companion animals remains unknown because these genera are rarely isolated from animals. In this study, 30 Serratia spp. and 23 Citrobacter spp. isolates from companion animals underwent susceptibility testing for 10 antimicrobials. Phenotypic and genetic approaches were used to identify the mechanisms of extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC). Subsequently, ESC-resistant Citrobacter spp. strains underwent multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). A significantly higher rate (34.8%) of ESC resistance was observed in Citrobacter spp. isolates than in Serratia spp. isolates (0%). ESC resistance was detected in five C. freundii strains, two C. portucalensis strains, and one C. koseri strain. All of the ESC-resistant Citrobacter spp. strains harbored CMY-type and/or DHA-type AmpC &#946;-lactamases. Three C. freundii strains harbored the CTX-M-3-type extended-spectrum &#946;-lactamases. Notably, the three blaCTX-3-producing and two blaCMY-117-bearing C. freundii strains (obtained from different patients in one hospital) had the same sequence type (ST156 and ST18, respectively) and similar PFGE profiles. We believe that ESC-resistant Citrobacter spp. are important nosocomial pathogens in veterinary medicine. Therefore, infection control in animal hospitals is essential to prevent dissemination of these resistant pathogens