Upper Limit on the Cosmological Gamma-ray Background

We show that the current extragalactic gamma-ray background (EGB) measurement below 100 GeV sets an upper limit on EGB itself at very high energy (VHE) above 100 GeV. The limit is conservative for the electromagnetic cascade emission from VHE EGB interacting with the cosmic microwave-to-optical background radiation not to exceed the current EGB measurement. The cascade component fits the measured VHE EGB spectrum rather well. However, once we add the contribution from known source classes, the Fermi VHE EGB observation exceeds or even violates the limit, which is approximated as E^2dN/dE < 4.5x10^-5 (E/100 GeV)^-0.7 MeV/cm^2/s/sr. The upper limit above 100 GeV is useful in the future to probe the EGB origin and the new physics like axion-like particles and Lorentz-invariance violation.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in PRD, Interested readers may wish to consult the recent paper by Murase, Beacom and Takami (arXiv:1205.5755

About In-institution Training for the Purpose of Improving the Organizational Capabilities of the Authorized Child Institution

When carrying out special need education at a childcare site, childcare workers who are actually involved with the child at the site have various conflicts. However, accepting children with disabilities while childcaring with conflict. To that end, it is indispensable that all staff in the institution understand and accept children. And to keep childcare workers motivated, the responsibility of special support education coordinators and managers is important

The position of institutional repository in Japanese university libraries by comparison with "digital library"

DRFIC2008 Poster Session No.16DRFIC2008 ポスターセッション資料 16

Defective adipose tissue development associated with hepatomegaly in cathepsin E-deficient mice fed a high-fat diet

Cathepsin E is an intracellular aspartic proteinase, which is predominantly distributed in immune-related and epithelial cells. However, the role of the enzyme in adipose tissues remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of cathepsin E-deficient (CatE-/-) mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD), as a mouse model of obesity. HFD-fed CatE-/- mice displayed reduced body weight gain and defective development of white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT), compared with HFD-fed wild-type mice. Moreover, fat-induced CatE-/- mice showed abnormal lipid accumulation in non-adipose tissues characterized by hepatomegaly, which is probably due to defective adipose tissue development. Detailed pathological and biochemical analyses showed that hepatomegaly was accompanied by hepatic steatosis and hypercholesterolemia in HFD-induced CatE-/- mice. In fat-induced CatE-/- mice, the number of macrophages infiltrating into WAT was significantly lower than in fat-induced wild-type mice. Thus, the impaired adipose tissue development in HFD-induced CatE-/- mice was probably due to reduced infiltration of macrophages and may lead to hepatomegaly accompanied by hepatic steatosis and hypercholesterolemia

The position of institutional repository in Japanese university libraries by comparison with "digital library"

DRFIC2008 Poster Session Recap one-minute oral presentation No.16DRFIC2008 ポスターセッションまとめ 口頭プレゼンテーション資料 16