Clinical evaluation of the Shin-Nippon SRW-5000 autorefractor in adults:an update

Purpose: The Shin-Nippon SRW-5000 is an open view autorefractor that superseded the Canon R-1 autorefractor in the mid-1990s and has been used widely in optometry and vision science laboratories. It has been used to measure refractive error, accommodation responses both statically and dynamically, off-axis refractive error, and adapted to measure pupil size. This paper presents an overview of the original 2001 clinical evaluation of the SRW-5000 in adults (Mallen et al., Ophthal Physiol Opt 2001; 21: 101) and provides an update on the use and modification of the instrument since the original publication. Recent findings: The SRW-5000 instrument, and the family of devices which followed, have shown excellent validity, repeatability, and utility in clinical and research settings. The instruments have also shown great potential for increased research functionality following a number of modifications. Summary: The SRW-5000 and its derivatives have been, and continue to be, of significant importance in our drive to understand myopia progression, myopia control techniques, and oculomotor function in human vision

Pupillary light reflex associated with melanopsin and cone photorecetors

AIC(Association Internationale de la Couleur)2015 May, 201

Technique to investigate the temporal phase shift between L-and M-cone inputs to the luminance mechanism

We describe a technique to estimate the intrinsic phase shift between long-wavelength-cone (L-cone) and middle-wavelength-cone (M-cone) signals in the luminance mechanism with minimal contamination by chromatic mechanism(s). The technique can also estimate, simultaneously with the phase shift, the weight ratio of L and M cones for the luminance mechanism. We measured motion identification thresholds for a 1.0 cycle/ deg, 12.0-Hz sinusoidal grating representing different vector directions in L-and M-cone contrast space. The physical phase of the L-and M-cone signals was varied over a broad range between Ϫ150 deg and ϩ150 deg to investigate the effect on the threshold contours. The slope of the threshold contour in cone contrast space varied as a function of the physical phase. Estimates of the intrinsic phase shift between L and M cones are based on the change in slope of the threshold contour. The estimates are consistent with previous reports and show that whereas the L-cone signal lags behind the M-cone signal by ϳ35 deg for an orange background, the M-cone signal lags behind the L-cone signal by ϳ8 deg for a green background