Correction Factors for Direct Gas Chromatographic Determination of Acrylic Acid in Aqueous Solutions Using Polyethylene Glycol Adipate as Stationary Phase

The problem of »repeated peaks« associted with the direct gas chromatographic determinations of aqueous acrylic acid solutions with the concentration range of 0.05 – 10.00 g dm–3 has been discussed for the case of polyethylene glycol adipate as a stationary phase. Based on more than 700 injections of standard solutions on the packed column, a set of correction factors has been proposed. Simple relations between the »repeated peaks« heights and the reference solution concentrations were found. The reproducibility of the method was evaluated

Synthesis and diverse biological activity profile of triethyl-ammonium isatin-3-hydrazones

A series of biorelevant triethylammonium isatin hydrazones containing various substituents in the aromatic fragment have been synthesized. Their structure and composition were confirmed by NMR- and IR-spectroscopies, mass-spectrometry and elemental analysis. It was found that some representatives show activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus higher or at the level of norfloxacin, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. The study also showed low hemo- and cytotoxicity (Chang Liver) and high antiaggregatory and anticoagulant activity of these compounds. The high potential of new ammonium isatin-3-acylhydrazones in the search for antimicrobial activity against phytopathogens of bacterial and fungal nature has been shown for the first time

Biotehnološka primjena gljive Lentinula edodes – od lentinana do lektina

Lentinula edodes was the first medicinal macrofungus to enter the realm of modern biotechnology. The present paper briefly reviews the history of the modern biotechnology of this mushroom starting with the production of the polysaccharide preparation lentinan, and ending with an overview of our own work regarding the production of lectins. Our work with lectins has involved studies of the effect of initial pH, carbon and nitrogen sources and the C:N ratio on lectin production in both the mycelium and culture medium. We have shown that lectin activity is related to morphological development, with the activity being highest in extracts of the pigmented mycelial films that precede fruiting body production.Lentinula edodes prva je medicinska gljiva koja se počela primjenjivati u suvremenoj biotehnologiji. U ovom se radu nalazi kratak pregled razvoja suvremene biotehnološke primjene te gljive, počevši od proizvodnje polisaharida lentinana pa sve do prikaza rezultata autora u proizvodnji lektina. Njihovo istraživanje obuhvaća ispitivanje učinka početne pH-vrijednosti, izvora ugljika i dušika te njihova omjera na nastanak lektina u podlozi za uzgoj micelija i kulture. Dokazano je da je aktivnost lektina povezana s morfološkim razvojem, te da je najveća u ekstraktima pigmentiranoga micelijskog filma koji prethodi nastanku plodišta

Effect of Media Components on the Mycelial Film Formation in Submerged Culture of Lentinus edodes (Shiitake)

A relationship between the chemical composition of nutrient medium, the activity of extracellular lectins of Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler (shiitake), and the formation of pigmented mycelial film in liquid culture has been found. A possibility to regulate the lectin activity of shiitake using the synthetic components has been shown. The formulation of medium, on which the brown mycelial film appears in several days of submerged cultivation, has been proposed. Among the natural amino acids studied as nitrogen sources, and nine divalent metal cations as inorganic additives, L-asparagine and Ca2+ (Mn2+) in the simultaneous presence exhibited the explicit positive effect in respect to the above without regard to the age of the culture. Quantum chemical methods and QSAR were applied to test our supposition that a differential character of interaction between the studied amino acids and Ca2+ (Mn2+) cations should be related not to the distinct electron structures of zwitter ions, but most likely to their differing hydrophobicities. The results obtained seem to make some contribution to the present notion of biochemicalprocesses that give rise to the occurrence of the aforesaid morphological structure of shiitake

Болезнь Помпе с поздним началом: первое клиническое описание в России

Late-onset Pompe-disease (LOPD) is an adult form of the glycogenosis type II. The age of onset ranges from 1 till 75 y.o. and older. The diagnosis of LOPD is based on the presence of trunk and limb-girdle muscle weakness with hyperlordosis, respiratory failure, ocasionally accompanied by cardiomyopathy, persistent mild elevation of creatine kinase, dry blood spot test of the enzyme activity and DNA-analysis of GAA-gene. Early recognition of the LOPD and beginning of the enzyme replacement therapy is important in preventing severe motor and respiratory deficit, the patient disability and in increasing the survival in those patients.Болезнь Помпе с поздним началом (БППН) – взрослая форма гликогеноза 2-го типа, которая встречается в возрасте от 1 года до 75 лет и старше. Диагностика БППН основывается на выявлении поясно-конечностной и туловищной слабости с формированием гиперлордоза, слабости дыхательной мускулатуры, в редких случаях сочетающихся с кардиомиопатией, персистирующего умеренного повышения креатинфосфокиназы, определении ферментативной активности кислой α-глюкозидазы по сухому пятну крови и ДНК-анализе гена GAA. Своевременная постановка диагноза и начало заместительной энзимотерапии позволяют предотвратить развитие грубого двигательного и дыхательного дефицита, являющегося основной причиной инвалидизации, и отсрочить летальный исход при данном заболевании

Mushroom-Derived Novel Selenium Nanocomposites’ Effects on Potato Plant Growth and Tuber Germination

Multicomponent materials, where nanosized selenium (Se) is dispersed in polymer matrices, present as polymer nanocomposites (NCs), namely, selenium polymer nanocomposites (SeNCs). Selenium as an inorganic nanofiller in NCs has been extensively studied for its biological activity. More ecologically safe and beneficial approaches to obtain Se-based products are the current challenge. Biopolymers have attained great attention with perspective multifunctional and high-performance NCs exhibiting low environmental impact with unique properties, being abundantly available, renewable, and eco-friendly. Composites based on polysaccharides, including beta-glucans from edible and medicinal mushrooms, are bioactive, biocompatible, biodegradable, and have exhibited innovative potential. We synthesized SeNCs on the basis of the extracellular polysaccharides of several medicinal mushrooms. The influence of bio-composites from mushrooms on potato plant growth and tuber germination were studied in two potato cultivars: Lukyanovsky and Lugovskoi. Bio-composites based on Grifola umbellata demonstrated the strongest positive effect on the number of leaves and plant height in both cultivars, without negative effect on biomass of the vegetative part. Treatment of the potato tubers with SeNC from Gr. umbellata also significantly increased germ length. Potato plants exposed to Se-bio-composite from Ganoderma lucidum SIE1303 experienced an increase in the potato vegetative biomass by up to 55% versus the control. We found earlier that this bio-composite was the most efficient against biofilm formation by the potato ring rot causative agent Clavibacter sepedonicus (Cms). Bio-composites based on Pleurotus ostreatus promoted increase in the potato root biomass in the Lugovskoi cultivar by up to 79% versus the control. The phytostimulating ability of mushroom-based Se-containing bio-composites, together with their anti-phytopathogenic activity, testifies in favor of the bifunctional mode of action of these Se-biopreparations. The application of stimulatory green SeNCs for growth enhancement could be used to increase crop yield. Thus, by combining myco-nanotechnology with the intrinsic biological activity of selenium, an unexpectedly efficient tool for possible applications of SeNCs could be identified

Nordlandsbua Cabin in Nordlandsruta Materials selection and life-cycle analysis

Following a particular order from DNT and their sustainability strategy for 2050, our team has developed a compact shared cabin that could become a new example of sustainable design in this area of construction. In May 2022, the cabin was built in Bodø for demonstration at the Norwegian Friluftslivskonferansen exhibition and for further transportation and operation on the Nordlandsrutta track. Since the project is a realizable prototype, it is subject to increased requirements for the choice of materials and construction processes. During the study, the selected design solutions and different materials were analyzed, which allowed us to build a prototype and make suggestions for the future cabins that may appear. The study includes a life-cycle analysis of the built and proposed projects and an analysis of the possibilities for the circulation of recycled materials using the example of a prototype. The structure’s weight for all three types of cabins is also calculated and analyzed