1,642 research outputs found
Order-free Learning Alleviating Exposure Bias in Multi-label Classification
Multi-label classification (MLC) assigns multiple labels to each sample.
Prior studies show that MLC can be transformed to a sequence prediction problem
with a recurrent neural network (RNN) decoder to model the label dependency.
However, training a RNN decoder requires a predefined order of labels, which is
not directly available in the MLC specification. Besides, RNN thus trained
tends to overfit the label combinations in the training set and have difficulty
generating unseen label sequences. In this paper, we propose a new framework
for MLC which does not rely on a predefined label order and thus alleviates
exposure bias. The experimental results on three multi-label classification
benchmark datasets show that our method outperforms competitive baselines by a
large margin. We also find the proposed approach has a higher probability of
generating label combinations not seen during training than the baseline
models. The result shows that the proposed approach has better generalization
capability
Simultaneous rota-stenting and transcatheter aortic valve implantation for patients with heavily calcified coronary stenosis and aortic stenosis
AbstractGiven that coronary artery disease (CAD) in octogenarians undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) often presents with more complex lesions and extensive calcification, rotational atherectomy (RA) may be needed in some cases before stenting. However, data regarding the feasibility and safety of simultaneous RA during TAVI using the Medtronic CoreValve (MCV; Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA) system are lacking. Three out of 107 (2.8%) patients (2 females, average age 85.6 years, mean aortic valve area 0.5 cm2, mean left ventricular ejection fraction 39%, mean Logistic EuroScore 70%), with complex, heavily calcified coronary stenosis, and severe valvular aortic stenosis (AS) were treated with TAVI and RA due to high surgical risk. After balloon valvuloplasty, all coronary lesions were successfully treated with RA and stenting, immediately followed by transfemoral TAVI with a self-expandable MCV. Our data suggested that in the very elderly patients with severe and heavily calcified CAD and AS who were turned down for cardiac surgery, RA and stenting followed by TAVI may be performed successfully in a combined, single-stage procedure
Formation of an SIR-Nucleosome Filament in vitro and Its Modulation by O-Acetyl-ADP-Ribose
It is not possible to clearly visualize how chromatin condenses to heterochromatin in vivo. However, in an in vitro system for Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the requirements for heterochromatin filament formation mirror those found in vivo. Here we report that the nucleosomes and the Sir2, Sir3 and Sir4 proteins, which are required for in vitro filament assembly, are also components of these filaments, confirming that the filaments are SIR-nucleosome filaments. We show the individual localization patterns of the Sir proteins on this SIR-nucleosome filament, and demonstrate that the metabolite, AAR, plays a specific and essential role in promoting the formation of this SIR-nucleosome filament
Spontaneous Arrangement of Two-way Flow in Water Bridge
By revisiting the century-old problem of water bridge, we demonstrate that it
is in fact dynamic and comprises of two coaxial currents that carry different
charges and flow in opposite directions. Initially, the inner flow is
facilitated by the cone jet that is powered by H+ and flows out of the anode
beaker. The negative cone jet from cathode is established later and forced to
take the outer route. This spontaneous arrangement of two-way flow is revealed
by the use of chemical dyes, e.g., fluorescein and FeCl3, carbon powder, and
the Particle Image Velocimetry. These two opposing flows are found to carry
non-equal flux that results in a net transport of water to the cathode beaker.
By combining the above information and taking into account the counter flow to
equate the water level from the connecting pipe, we can estimate the cross
section and flow speed of these co-axial flows as a function of time and
applied voltage.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
Different Influences on Tacrolimus Pharmacokinetics by Coadministrations of Zhi Ke and Zhi Shi in Rats
Tacrolimus, an immunosuppressant with narrow therapeutic window, has been used widely in transplant patients. Grapefruit juice and pomelo have been reported to increase the blood levels of tacrolimus. Zhi Ke and Zhi Shi, the ripe peels and unripe fruits of Citrus aurantium which is chemotaxonomically related to grapefruit and pomelo, are in wide use in clinical Chinese medicine. To investigate the possible interaction of these two Citrus herbs with tacrolimus, male Sprague-Dawley rats were orally given tacrolimus (1.5 mg/kg) with and without Zhi Ke and Zhi Shi decoctions in a cross-over design. Blood samples were withdrawn via cardiopuncture at specific time and quantitated by a microparticle enzyme immunoassay. In addition, to explore the mechanism of interaction, LS 180 cell line was used for the transport study of rhodamine 123, a typical substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). The results showed that Zhi Shi significantly decreased the Cmax and AUC0−t of tacrolimus by 72.4% and 72.0%, respectively, whereas Zhi Ke did not affect tacrolimus pharmacokinetics. LS 180 cell line study indicated that Zhi Shi increased the efflux activity of P-gp, enabling us to explain the decreased oral bioavailability of tacrolimus caused by Zhi Shi. Hence, we suggest that Zhi Shi be contraindicated for transplant patients treated with tacrolimus to reduce the risk of allograft rejection
- …