29,340 research outputs found
CP violation in semileptonic tau lepton decays
The leading order contribution to the direct CP asymmetry in tau^{+/-} ->
K^{+/-} pi^0 nu_{tau} decay rates is evaluated within the Standard Model. The
weak phase required for CP violation is introduced through an interesting
mechanism involving second order weak interactions, which is also responsible
for tiny violations of the Delta S= Delta Q rule in K_{l3} decays. The
calculated CP asymmetry turns out to be of order 10^{-12}, leaving a large
window for studying effects of non-standard sources of CP violation in this
observable.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, version published in Phys.Rev.
Unconventional Spin Density Waves in Dipolar Fermi Gases
The conventional spin density wave (SDW) phase (Overhauser, 1962), as found
in antiferromagnetic metal for example (Fawcett 1988), can be described as a
condensate of particle-hole pairs with zero angular momentum, ,
analogous to a condensate of particle-particle pairs in conventional
superconductors. While many unconventional superconductors with Cooper pairs of
finite have been discovered, their counterparts, density waves with
non-zero angular momenta, have only been hypothesized in two-dimensional
electron systems (Nayak, 2000). Using an unbiased functional renormalization
group analysis, we here show that spin-triplet particle-hole condensates with
emerge generically in dipolar Fermi gases of atoms (Lu, Burdick, and
Lev, 2012) or molecules (Ospelkaus et al., 2008; Wu et al.) on optical lattice.
The order parameter of these exotic SDWs is a vector quantity in spin space,
and, moreover, is defined on lattice bonds rather than on lattice sites. We
determine the rich quantum phase diagram of dipolar fermions at half-filling as
a function of the dipolar orientation, and discuss how these SDWs arise amidst
competition with superfluid and charge density wave phases.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Optical Spectroscopic Survey of High-latitude WISE-selected Sources
We report on the results of an optical spectroscopic survey at high Galactic latitude (|b| ≥ 30°) of a sample of WISE-selected targets, grouped by WISE W1 (λ_eff = 3.4 μm) flux, which we use to characterize the sources WISE detected. We observed 762 targets in 10 disjoint fields centered on ultraluminous infrared galaxy candidates using DEIMOS on Keck II. We find 0.30 ± 0.02 galaxies arcmin–2 with a median redshift of z = 0.33 ± 0.01 for the sample with W1 ≥ 120 μJy. The foreground stellar densities in our survey range from 0.23 ± 0.07 arcmin–2 to 1.1 ± 0.1 arcmin–2 for the same sample. We obtained spectra that produced science grade redshifts for ≥90% of our targets for sources with W1 flux ≥120 μJy that also had an i-band flux gsim 18 μJy. We used this for targeting very preliminary data reductions available to the team in 2010 August. Our results therefore present a conservative estimate of what is possible to achieve using WISE's Preliminary Data Release for the study of field galaxies
Exotic Superconducting Phases of Ultracold Atom Mixtures on Triangular Lattices
We study the phase diagram of two-dimensional Bose-Fermi mixtures of
ultracold atoms on a triangular optical lattice, in the limit when the velocity
of bosonic condensate fluctuations is much larger than the Fermi velocity.
We contrast this work with our previous results for a square lattice system
in Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 97}, 030601 (2006).
Using functional renormalization group techniques we show that the phase
diagrams for a triangular lattice contain exotic superconducting phases. For
spin-1/2 fermions on an isotropic lattice we find a competition of -, -,
extended -, and -wave symmetry, as well as antiferromagnetic order. For
an anisotropic lattice, we further find an extended p-wave phase. A Bose-Fermi
mixture with spinless fermions on an isotropic lattice shows a competition
between - and -wave symmetry.
These phases can be traced back to the geometric shapes of the Fermi surfaces
in various regimes, as well as the intrinsic frustration of a triangular
lattice.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, extended version, slight modification
Spin Relaxation Times of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes
We have measured temperature ()- and power-dependent electron spin
resonance in bulk single-wall carbon nanotubes to determine both the
spin-lattice and spin-spin relaxation times, and . We observe that
increases linearly with from 4 to 100 K, whereas {\em
decreases} by over a factor of two when is increased from 3 to 300 K. We
interpret the trend as spin-lattice relaxation via
interaction with conduction electrons (Korringa law) and the decreasing
dependence of as motional narrowing. By analyzing the latter, we
find the spin hopping frequency to be 285 GHz. Last, we show that the Dysonian
lineshape asymmetry follows a three-dimensional variable-range hopping behavior
from 3 to 20 K; from this scaling relation, we extract a localization length of
the hopping spins to be 100 nm.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
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