XIM: X-Ray Inspection Module for Automatic High Speed Inspection of Turbine Blades and Automated Flaw Detection and Classification

Under military manufacturing technology funding, a production prototype X-ray Inspection Module (XIM) has been established at General Electric Corporate Research and Development (GE-CRD) and delivered to Quality Technology (QT), General Electric Aircraft Engine Business Group (GE-AEBG). A company funded production unit has been built by GE-AEBG and delivered to the GE-AEBG manufacturing facility in Madisonville, Kentucky where it is in use in production. Computerized tomography (CT) and digital fluoroscopy (DF) images are produced with the system. The CT images provide an image cross-section, and the DF images are much like chest X-rays.The system was designed to automatically inspect and analyze flaws present in turbine blades. It was applied to two flaw types; each type in a different turbine blade. The image processing is performed on complex gray scale images with varying background. The XIM system may be used either automatically or in a manual mode with a trained operator to interpret the images and make quality decisions

Acoustic Microscopy: Materials Art and Materials Science

Significant progress has been made in acoustic microscopy and other forms of acoustic imaging over the last two decades. Originally introduced by Quate [1], this technology has been established by Weglin [2], Kino [3], Wickramasinghe [4], Bertoni [5], and Quate [6] as a powerful tool for materials characterization and development. The work described here [7] goes beyond that cited: it utilizes time-resolved acoustic signals of much greater bandwidth, and does not rely on V(z) behavior to form images. Instead only the digitized amplitudes of the spatially and temporally resolved acoustic signals are processed and displayed to form the images. Much of the progress reported here is also due to advances in computer display technology. Originally presented as posters, the included figures demonstrate various hardcopy and high-resolution raster displays incorporated in the described acoustic microscope. Keeping in mind the purpose for which each image was intended, it is instructive to compare the image quality that the different displays can produce. Six figures, containing twenty-nine separate images, make up the presentation. In their original display format, each figure was a 30 × 40 in. poster in which the individual images were displayed at the identical magnifications that were initially presented to the acoustic microscopist.</p

Sklad chemiczny osadow dennych i roslinnosci lakowej pola refulacyjnego 'Karsibor C' i terenow Gasierzyna przy torze wodnym Swinoujscie-Szczecin

W pracy ukazano skład chemiczny osadów dennych zdeponowanych w latach 1950-1959 na polu refulacyjnym „Karsibór C” oraz skład chemiczny gleb w obrębie Gąsierzyna, użyźnionych podobnymi osadami w latach 1925-1935. Obiekty te stanowiły trwałe użytki zielone, a w ostatnich 12 latach są odłogowane bądź sporadycznie użytkowane. Badania wykazały w osadach wysoką zawartość metali ciężkich, zwłaszcza kadmu, ołowiu i miedzi. Ponadto określono skład botaniczny i chemiczny roślinności, wykazując w runi niską zawartość fosforu, wapnia, magnezu i sodu przy nadmiarze cynku, miedzi i żelaza oraz sporadycznie kadmu i manganu.Paper presented chemical composition of the bottom sediments deposited on dumping area „Karsibór C” during years 1950-1959 as well as the chemical composition of soil within the area of Gąsierzyno village which were fertilized using similar bottom sediments in years 1925-1935. Both objects were used as the permanent grassland, however during last 12 years were fallowed or sporadically used. The analyses showed high contents of heavy metals, especially cadmium, lead, zinc and copper, in bottom sediments. Moreover, the botanical and chemical composition of meadow vegetation were determined. The results indicated low contents of phosphorus, calcium magnesium and sodium and excess of zinc, copper, iron and sporadically cadmium and manganese, in the sward