444 research outputs found
Jet Substructure Studies with CMS Open Data
We use public data from the CMS experiment to study the 2-prong substructure
of jets. The CMS Open Data is based on 31.8/pb of 7 TeV proton-proton
collisions recorded at the Large Hadron Collider in 2010, yielding a sample of
768,687 events containing a high-quality central jet with transverse momentum
larger than 85 GeV. Using CMS's particle flow reconstruction algorithm to
obtain jet constituents, we extract the 2-prong substructure of the leading jet
using soft drop declustering. We find good agreement between results obtained
from the CMS Open Data and those obtained from parton shower generators, and we
also compare to analytic jet substructure calculations performed to modified
leading-logarithmic accuracy. Although the 2010 CMS Open Data does not include
simulated data to help estimate systematic uncertainties, we use track-only
observables to validate these substructure studies.Comment: 35 pages, 19 figures, 6 tables, source contains sample event and
additional plots; v2: references updated and figure formatting improved; v3:
approximate version to appear in PR
Exposing the QCD Splitting Function with CMS Open Data
The splitting function is a universal property of quantum chromodynamics
(QCD) which describes how energy is shared between partons. Despite its
ubiquitous appearance in many QCD calculations, the splitting function cannot
be measured directly since it always appears multiplied by a collinear
singularity factor. Recently, however, a new jet substructure observable was
introduced which asymptotes to the splitting function for sufficiently high jet
energies. This provides a way to expose the splitting function through jet
substructure measurements at the Large Hadron Collider. In this letter, we use
public data released by the CMS experiment to study the 2-prong substructure of
jets and test the 1 -> 2 splitting function of QCD. To our knowledge, this is
the first ever physics analysis based on the CMS Open Data.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures; v2: references updated and figure formatting
improved; v3: approximate version to appear in PR
Probing More Deeply in an All-Sky Search for Continuous Gravitational Waves in the LIGO O3 Data Set
We report results from an all-sky search of the LIGO data from the third
LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA run (O3) for continuous gravitational waves from isolated
neutron stars in the frequency band [30, 150] Hz and spindown range of Hz/s. This search builds upon a previous
analysis of the first half of the O3 data using the same PowerFlux pipeline. We
search more deeply here by using the full O3 data and by using loose coherence
in the initial stage with fully coherent combination of LIGO Hanford (H1) and
LIGO Livingston (L1) data, while limiting the frequency band searched and
excluding narrow, highly disturbed spectral bands. We detect no signal and set
strict frequentist upper limits on circularly polarized and on linearly
polarized wave amplitudes, in addition to estimating population-averaged upper
limits. The lowest upper limit obtained for circular polarization is , and the lowest linear polarization limit is (both near 144 Hz). The lowest estimated population-averaged upper
limit is . In the frequency band and spindown range
searched here, these limits improve upon the O3a PowerFlux search by a median
factor of and upon the best previous limits obtained for the full O3
data by a median factor of .Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures; Intuitive description of loose coherence; vetoed
bands in anc file; updated abstrac
How men receive and utilise partner support when trying to change their diet and physical activity within a menâs weight management programme
We thank: the FFIT participants and their partners who took part in the research; The Scottish Premier Football League (SPFL) Trust, the football clubs and the coaches; and the Population Health Research Facility at MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Together through thick and thin: Cohabiting partnersâ reciprocal influence during menâs attempts to change their dietary practices and physical activity to lose weight and maintain weight loss
Background: Overweight and obesity are major health problems globally, particularly in men. Some group-based interventions for men, such as Football Fans in Training (FFIT), a gender-sensitised weight management and healthy living programme for overweight or obese men, have proven successful in helping men initiate and achieve weight loss. However, there is still a need to understand how menâs attempts to make changes to health practices are influenced by their social context. This study explored how menâs attempts to change their dietary practices and physical activity to lose weight and maintain weight loss were influenced by, and influenced, their cohabiting female partners within the context of FFIT. Method: Separate interviews were conducted with 20 men and their cohabiting female partners 3-12 months after men had completed FFIT. Their experiences around menâs participation in FFIT and subsequent attempts to change dietary practices and physical activity were explored. Data were thematically analysed, guided by Self-Determination, Social Support, Interdependence, and Gender theories. Results: All partners in this study were supportive of menâs autonomous decisions to join FFIT. Each partner displayed varied levels of involvement in the process of menâs attempts to make changes to dietary practices and physical activity. Menâs success or failure in making and maintaining changes, and/or achieving weight loss, was described as resulting from their resoluteness for the changes, responsiveness to FFIT and reliance on/receptiveness to the partnerâs involvement and support. Menâs participation in FFIT also positively influenced the partnersâ dietary practices and physical activity, as well as couplesâ relationships despite some tensions and conflicts arising during this process. Conclusion: Cohabiting couplesâ close relationships provide a supportive context for overweight or obese men to initiate the pursuit of weight loss, and maintain healthy dietary practices and physical activity. This study also highlights the mechanisms by which partners influence menâs changes to dietary practices and physical activity following a weight loss intervention, and how they too are influenced in this process. It thus helps explain how varying behaviour change outcomes can occur within an intervention. This study highlights the importance, and the bidirectional nature, of health behaviour change in the cohabiting couplesâ context
Jet Substructure Studies with CMS Open Data
We use public data from the CMS experiment to study the 2-prong substructure
of jets. The CMS Open Data is based on 31.8/pb of 7 TeV proton-proton
collisions recorded at the Large Hadron Collider in 2010, yielding a sample of
768,687 events containing a high-quality central jet with transverse momentum
larger than 85 GeV. Using CMS's particle flow reconstruction algorithm to
obtain jet constituents, we extract the 2-prong substructure of the leading jet
using soft drop declustering. We find good agreement between results obtained
from the CMS Open Data and those obtained from parton shower generators, and we
also compare to analytic jet substructure calculations performed to modified
leading-logarithmic accuracy. Although the 2010 CMS Open Data does not include
simulated data to help estimate systematic uncertainties, we use track-only
observables to validate these substructure studies
Increasing Engagement for Breast Cancer Screening and Treatment : The "ICANTREAT" Community of Expertise Initiative
Funding The workshop and the travel for four researchers â AP, SN, RS and SJM was enabled through the Scottish Funding Council (grant number SF10192) grant.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Evaluating Vitamin D levels in Rheumatic Heart Disease patients and matched control: A case-control study from Nepal
BackgroundDiagnosis and treatment for Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) is inaccessible for many of the 33 million people in low and middle income countries living with this disease. More knowledge about risk factors and pathophysiologic mechanisms involved is needed in order to prevent disease and optimize treatment. This study investigated risk factors in a Nepalese population, with a special focus on Vitamin D deficiency because of its immunomodulatory effects.MethodsNinety-nine patients with confirmed RHD diagnosis and 97 matched, cardiac-healthy controls selected by echocardiography were recruited from hospitals in the Central and Western region of Nepal. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were assessed using dried blood spots and anthropometric values measured to evaluate nutritional status. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to define association between vitamin D deficiency and RHD.ResultsThe mean age of RHD patients was 31 years (range 9-70) and for healthy controls 32 years (range 9-65), with a 4:1 female to male ratio. Vitamin D levels were lower than expected in both RDH and controls. RHD patients had lower vitamin D levels than controls with a mean s-25(OH)D concentration of 39 nmol/l (range 8.7-89.4) compared with controls 45 nmol/l (range 14.5-86.7) (p-value = 0.02). People with Vitamin D insufficiency had a higher risk (OR = 2.59; 95% CI: 1.04-6.50) of also having RHD compared to people with Vitamin D concentrations >50 nmol/l. Body mass index was significantly lower in RHD patients (22.6; 95% CI, 21.5-23.2) compared to controls (24.2; 95% CI, 23.3-25.1).ConclusionRHD patients in Nepal have lower Vitamin D levels and overall poor nutritional status compared to the non-RHD controls. Longitudinal studies are needed to explore the causality between RHD and vitamin D level. Future research is also recommended among Nepali general population to confirm the low level of vitamin D as reported in our control group
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