Large-scale Synthesis of CdTe Quantum Dots in Aqueous Phase

In this paper, we present the systematically experimental results on the influences of pH of the reaction medium, molar ratio of the precursors on the synthesis in aqueous phase of CdTe quantum dots (QDs) and CdTe/CdS QDs with core/shell structure. Under optimal synthesis conditions, water-soluble CdTe and CdTe/CdS QDs have been prepared that exhibit very strong photoluminescence peaking in the spectral range between 520 nm and 650 nm with narrow full width at half maximum ($\sim 32$ nm in the short-wavelength emission case); depending on the emission range, most samples however exhibit the high luminescence quantum yields ($\sim 40$%). Moreover, the synthesis in aqueous phase shows some additional advantages: it is possible to prepare high quality CdTe QDs in large-scale (up to gram/reaction) with low cost, less toxic and short production time

ASSESSMENT OF GEOMORPHIC PROCESSES AND ACTIVE TECTONICS IN CON VOI MOUNTAIN RANGE AREA (NORTHERN VIETNAM) USING THE HYPSOMETRIC CURVE ANALYSIS METHOD

the Day Nui Con Voi (DNCV) area of Vietnam. For this purpose, a spatial database was collected and constructed, including DEM (Digital Elevation Model) and a geological map. The hypsometric curve (HC) analysis method and its statistical moments were adopted to use for the assessment. These methods have been widely used for the assessment of geomorphic processes and active tectonics in many areas in the world showing promising results. A total of 44 sub-basins of the Red River and the Chay river were analyzed. The result shows that 3 curve-types such as "straight- shape", "S- shape", and concave were found; with the concave curve being the dominant and widely distributed in the northeast side and in the south of the southwestern side of the study area. The hypsometric integral (HI) values are rather small with the largest value is 0.37 and the smallest one is 0.128. Other statistical moments of the hypsometric curve, i.e. skew (SK), kurtosis (KUR), and the density function (density skew - DSK and density kurtosis-DKUR) show great values, which increased in the south direction of the area study. Accordingly, recent active tectonics (uplift-lower) in the study area is generally weak; however, they are also not completely homogeneous and can be distinguished by different levels. The southwestern side is being lifted higher than the northeastern side. The northern part is being lifted larger than the southern part. In the region, the uplift activities were increased gradually in the Pliocene-Quaternary and could have stopped at certain time in the past. The current geomorphic processes are mainly headward erosion in the upstream.References Allen, C.R., Gillepie, A.R., Han, Y., Sieh, K.E., Zhu, C., 1984. 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Hydrological Processes 4, 373-385.Huang, X.J., Niemann, J.D., 2006. Modelling the potential impacts of groundwater hydrology on long-term drainage basin evolution. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 31, 1802-1823.Joshi, P.N,. Maurya, D.M., Chamyal, L.S., 2013. Morphotectonic segmentation and spatial variability of neotectonic activity along the Narmada-Son Fault, Western India: Remote sensing and GIS analysis. Geomorphology 180-181 (2013) 292-306.Keller, E.A., Pinter, N., 2002. Active Tectonics. Earthquakes, Uplift and Landscape. Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 362.Le Duc An, 2003. About the exhumation of metamorphic rocks of Con Voi range. Journal of Sciences of the Earth,No.1, 93-95 (In Vietnamese with English abstract).Le Duc An, Dao Dinh Bac, Uong Dinh Khanh, Vo Thinh, Tran Hang Nga, Ngo Tuan Anh, Nguyen Thi Le Ha, 2004. Geomorphology of Red River Fault Zone and natural hazard.P 459-532. Science and Technics Publishing House, Hanoi (In Vietnamese with English abstract).Le Duc An, Lai, Huy Anh, Vo Thinh, Ngo Tuan Anh, Do Minh Tuan, Tran Hang Nga, 2001. Steps of relief of Convoi Mountain characteristics. Journal of Sciences of the Earth, 23(2), 97-104. (In Vietnamese with English abstract).Leloup, P.H., Arnaud, N., Lacassin, R., Kienast, J.R., Harrison, T.M., Trinh, P.T., Replumaz, A., Tapponnier, P., 2001. New constraints on the structure, thermochronology, and timing of the Ailao Shan-Red River shear zone, SE Asia, Journal of Geophysical Research, B, v. 106, 6683-6732.Leloup, P.H., Chen Wenji, Harrison, T.M., Tapponnier, P., 1994. Timing of shear sense inversion along the Red River fault zone. Int. Workshop on Seismotectonics and Seismic Hazard in South East Asia, Hanoi.Leloup, P.H., Lacasin, Tapponnier, P., Scharer, U., Dalai, Z., Xaohan, L., Zhangshan, Shaocheng, J., Trinh, P.T., 1995. The Ailao Shan -  Red Rive shear zone (Yunnan, China), Tertiary transform boundary of  Indochina. Tectonophysics, v. 251,  pp. 3-84.Leloup, P.H., Lacassin, R., Tapponnier, P., Harrison, T.M., 2001. Comment on “Onset timing of left-lateral movement along the Ailao Shan±Red River Shear Zone: 40Ar/39Ar dating constraint from the Nam Dinh Area, northeastern Vietnam” by Wang et al., 2000. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 18, 281-292. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 20, 95-99.Lifton, N. A., Chase, C.G., 1992. Tectonic, climatic and lithologic influences on landscape fractal dimension and hypsometry: implications for landscape evolution in the San Gabriel Mountains, California. Geomorphology 5, 77-114.Luo, W., 1998. Hypsometric analysis with a geographic information system. Computers Geosciences, Vol. 245, No. 8, 815-821.Luo, W., 2000. Quantifying groundwater- sapping landforms with a hypsometric technique. 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The active faults and the maximum earthquakes of the Red River Fault zone in Lao Cai-Yen Bai area, Journal of Sciences of the Earth, Vol. 28, (2), 110-120 (In Vietnamese with English abstract).Ngo Van Liem, Phan Trong Trinh, Nguyen Van Huong, Nguyen Cong Quan, Tran Van Phong, Nguyen Phuc Dat, 2016. Analyze the correlation between the geomorphic indices and recent tectonic active of the Lo River fault zone in southwest of Tam Dao range. Vietnam Journal of Earth Sciences. Vol. 38, No. 1, 1-13 (In Vietnamese with English abstract).Nguyen Quoc Cuong., Zuchiewicz, W., Tokarski. A. K., 1999. Morphotectonic evidence for right-lateral normal slip in the Red River Fault Zone: insights from the study on Tam Dao fault scarp (Viet Nam), J. Geology, Seri B, 13-14, 57-59.Nguyen Xuan Nam, 2015. Quaternary Geology characteristics, present-day tectonic geomorphology of the Da river valley from HoaBinh to Viet Tri and correlation with geological hazards. Doctorate Thesis. Hanoi University of Mining and Geology (In Vietnamese with English abstract).Ohmori, H., 1993. Changes in the hypsometric curve through mountain building resulting from concurrent tectonics and denudation. Geomorphology 8, 263-277.Pedrera, A., Pérez-Peña, J.V., Galindo-Zaldívar, J., Azañón, J.M., Azor, A., 2009. Testing the sensitivity of geomorphic indices in areas of low-rate active folding (eastern Betic Cordillera, Spain). Geomorphology 105, 218-231.Pérez-Peña, J.V., Azañón, J.M., Azor, A., 2009. CalHypso: An ArcGIS extension to calculate hypsometric curves and their statistical moments. Applications to drainage basin analysis in SE Spain. Computers Geosciences 35, 1214-1223.Phan Trong Trinh, Hoang Quang Vinh, Leloup Philippe Hervé, Giuliani, G., Vincent Garnier., Tapponnier, P., 2004. Cenozoic deformation, thermodynamic evolution, slip mechanism of Red River shear zone and ruby formation. Science and Technics Publishing House, Hanoi. P5-72 (In Vietnamese with English abstract).Phan Trong Trinh, Ngo Van Liem, Nguyen Van Huong, Hoang Quang Vinh, Bui Van Thom, Bui Thi Thao, Mai Thanh Tan, Nguyen Hoang, 2012. Late Quaternary tectonics and seismotectonics along the Red River fault zone, North Vietnam. Earth-Science Reviews 114, 224-235.Phan Van Quynh, Vo Nang Lac, and Tran Ngoc Nam, 1995. Some features of late Paleozoic-Cenozoic deformation tectonics on the territory of Vietnam and neighboring areas. In: Geology, Mineral Resources and Petroleum of Vietnam. Geological Survey of Vietnam, Hanoi, 171-183 (in Vietnamese with an English abstract).Phung Thi Thu Hang, 2011. Study and comparison recent active tectonics between the Red River and the Dien Bien - Lai Chau Fault Zones base on geomorphic indices. Master thesis. VNU University of Science, Hanoi.Shahzad, F., and Gloaguen, R., 2011. TecDEM: AMATLAB based tool box for tectonic geomorphology, Part 1: Drainage network preprocessing and stream profile analysis. Computers Geosciences 37, 250-260.Strahler, A.N., 1952. Hypsometric (area-altitude) analysis of erosional topography. Geological Society of America Bulletin 63, 1117-1142.Strahler, A.N., 1957. Quantitative analysis of watershed geomorphology. Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 38, 913-920.Tran Dinh To, 2002. The characterize of  Neotectonics of Red River-Chay River Fault Zone. Doctorate Thesis, Institute of Geological Sciences, Hanoi, (In Vietnamese with English abstract).Tran Dinh To, Duong Chi Cong, Vy Quoc Hai, Matthias Becker, Marina Neuman, 2003. Activity  of Red River fault zone at Tam Dao-Ba Vi derived from GPS data (1994-1996-1998-2000). Journal of Sciences of the Earth, 25(4)PC, 511-515 (In Vietnamese with English abstract).Tran Dinh To, Nguyen Trong Yem, 2001.Amplitude and rate of slip of the Red River Zone in late Cenozoic. Journal of Sciences of the Earth, 23(4), 334-353. (In Vietnamese with English abstract).Tran Ngoc Nam, 1999. Red River Fault zone - focus of the scientific debate. Part II: P-T-t paths and post-metamorphic exhumation, Journal of Sciences of the Earth, No.3, 161-167 (In Vietnamese with English abstract).Tran Ngoc Nam, 2002. Exhumation mechanisms of the Day Nui Con Voi. Journal of Sciences of the Earth, No.3,  286-288 (In Vietnamese with English abstract).Tran Ngoc Nam, Mitsuhiro Toriumi, TetsumaruItaya, 1998. P-T-t paths and post-metamorphic exhumation of the Day Nui Con Voi shear zone in Vietnam. Tectonophysics 290, 299-318.Tran Ngoc Nam., Toriumi, M., Sano, Y., Terada, K., Ta, T.T.,, 2003. 2.9, 2.36, and 1.96 Ga zircons in orthogneiss south of the Red River shear zone in Viet Nam: evidence from SHRIMP U-Pb dating and tectonothermal implications. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 21, 743-753.Trinh Thi Thuy, 2014. Assessment of modern tectonic activity of the Son La fault zones on the basis of tectonic geomorphology. Master thesis. 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Light Absorption and Luminescence Properties of the Blend Poly(N-vinylcarbazole)/Poly(N-hexylthiophene)

We have investigated the enhancement absorption light and luminescence properties of the blend conducting polymers using poly(N-vinylcarbazole) and poly(N-hexylthiophene). The optimized material showed a broad absorption in the region of ultra violet to near infra-red and the better of luminescence ability than the pristine conducting polymers. The remarkable improvements in photoluminescences of the blends provide useful information to the application of this material in fabrication of optical – electronic devices.

Two plant-associated Bacillus velezensis strains selected after genome analysis, metabolite profiling, and with proved biocontrol potential, were enhancing harvest yield of coffee and black pepper in large field trials

Elimination of chemically synthesized pesticides, such as fungicides and nematicides, in agricultural products is a key to successful practice of the Vietnamese agriculture. We describe here the route for developing successful biostimulants based on members of the Bacillus subtilis species complex. A number of endospore-forming Gram-positive bacterial strains with antagonistic action against plant pathogens were isolated from Vietnamese crop plants. Based on their draft genome sequence, thirty of them were assigned to the Bacillus subtilis species complex. Most of them were assigned to the species Bacillus velezensis. Whole genome sequencing of strains BT2.4 and BP1.2A corroborated their close relatedness to B. velezensis FZB42, the model strain for Gram-positive plant growth-promoting bacteria. Genome mining revealed that at least 15 natural product biosynthesis gene clusters (BGCs) are well conserved in all B. velezensis strains. In total, 36 different BGCs were identified in the genomes of the strains representing B. velezensis, B. subtilis, Bacillus tequilensis, and Bacillus. altitudinis. In vitro and in vivo assays demonstrated the potential of the B. velezensis strains to enhance plant growth and to suppress phytopathogenic fungi and nematodes. Due to their promising potential to stimulate plant growth and to support plant health, the B. velezensis strains TL7 and S1 were selected as starting material for the development of novel biostimulants, and biocontrol agents efficient in protecting the important Vietnamese crop plants black pepper and coffee against phytopathogens. The results of the large-scale field trials performed in the Central Highlands in Vietnam corroborated that TL7 and S1 are efficient in stimulating plant growth and protecting plant health in large-scale applications. It was shown that treatment with both bioformulations resulted in prevention of the pathogenic pressure exerted by nematodes, fungi, and oomycetes, and increased harvest yield in coffee, and pepper.Peer Reviewe

GRADIENT KIẾN TẠO HIỆN ĐẠI KHU VỰC NINH THUẬN VÀ LÂN CẬN

The estimation of the present day tectonic movement and tectonic gradient (strain rate) has an important practical signification in the assessment of active fault and seismic hazards for the selection of Ninh Thuan nuclear power plant. Based on the three campaigns of GPS measurement between 2012 - 2013, we used BERNESE 5.0 software to determine present day slip rates of 13 stations in ITRF08 frame. The GPS stations move eastwards at the slip rates of 22 - 25 mm/yr, southwards at the velocities of 5 - 10 mm/yr. The standard errors in latitudinal and longitudinal directions are 1.2 mm/yr and 0.9 mm/yr, respectively. Combined with GPS data from the project of the study on actual geodynamics in Tay Nguyen TN3/06, we determined the strain rate ranging from 50 to 100 nanostrains with the standard error of 50 nanostrains. The direction of  maximum compressive strain rate is from northwest - southeast to east - west.Đánh giá vận tốc chuyển động kiến tạo hiện đại và gradient kiến tạo hiện đại có ý nghĩa thực tiễn quan trọng trong việc đánh giá đứt gãy hoạt động nguy hiểm động đất phục vụ xây dụng nhà máy điện hạt nhân Ninh Thuận. Trên cơ sở đo 3 chu kỳ GPS vào các năm 2012 - 2013, sử dụng phần mềm BERNESE 5.0, chúng tôi đã xác lập được vận tốc chuyển động kiến tạo hiện đại tại 13 điểm đo GPS trong khu vực lân cận bao gồm kéo dài từ Nha Trang tới đảo Phú Quý. Vận tốc chuyển dịch kiến tạo hiện đại về phía đông thay đổi từ 22 - 25 mm/năm và chuyển dịch về phía nam với vận tốc giao động từ 5 - 10 mm/năm trên hệ tọa độ toàn cầu ITRF08. Sai số vận tốc chuyển dịch kiến tạo về phía đông giao động trong khoảng 1,2 - 1,5 mm/năm và về phía nam giao động trong khoảng 0,9 - 1,2 mm/năm. Liên kết với giá trị đo GPS từ đề tài nghiên cứu địa động lực hiện đại khu vực Tây Nguyên mã số TN3/T06, chúng tôi đã xác định được giá trị vận tốc biến dạng giao động từ 50 nano tới 100 nano biến dạng với sai số giao động trong khoảng 50 nano biến dạng. Trục biến dạng nén cực đại giao động theo phương thay đổi từ bắc nam sang đông bắc - tây nam. Trục biến dạng căng cực đại có phương thay đổi từ tây bắc - đông nam sang phương đông - tây

PRESENT DAY DEFORMATION IN THE EAST VIETNAM SEA AND SURROUNDING REGIONS

This paper presents velocities of present-day tectonic movement and strain rate in the East Vietnam Sea (South China Sea) and surroundings determined from GPS campaigns between 2007 and 2010. We determine absolute velocities of GPS stations in the ITRF05 frame. The result indicates that GPS stations in the North of East Vietnam Sea move eastwards with the slip rate of 30 - 39 mm/yr, southwards at the velocities of 8 - 11 mm/yr. Song Tu Tay offshore moves eastwards at the rate of ~24 mm/yr and southwards at ~9 mm/yr. GPS stations in the South of East Vietnam Sea move to the east at the rate of ~22 mm/yr and to the south at the velocities of 7 - 11 mm/yr. The effect of relative movement shows that the Western Margin Fault Zone activates as left lateral fault zone at the slip rate less than 4 mm/year.In Western plateau, the first result from 2012 - 2013 GPS measurement shows that the velocities to the east vary from 21.5 mm/yr to 24.7 mm/year. The velocities to the south vary from 10.5 mm/yr to 14.6 mm/year. GPS solutions determined from our campaigns are combined with data from various authors and international projects to determine the strain rate in the East Vietnam Sea. Principal strain rate changes from 15 nanostrain/yr to 9 nanostrain/yr in the East Vietnam Sea. Principal strain rate and maximum shear strain rate along the Red River Fault Zone are in order of 10 nanostrain/year. East Vietnam Sea is considered to belong to the Sunda block

Etude de la surface oculaire dans les uvéites cliniques et expérimentales

L inflammation mise en jeu sur la surface oculaire à travers la conjonctive et la cornée dans l uvéite a été étudiée avec des outils d exploration modernes de la surface oculaire. Nous avons évalué l expression de marqueurs d inflammation CCR4 et CCR5 pour caractériser Th12 ou Th1 prédominant sur la conjonctive de patients atteints d uvéite à partir d empreintes conjonctivales en cytométrie en flux. CCR4 était surexprimé dans la conjonctive des patients atteints d uvéite et suggère une activation du système Th2 à la surface oculaire des uvéites. L expression de marqueurs d inflammation Th1 et TH2 entre la conjonctive et les corps ciliaires a ensuite été comparée dans un modèle expérimental d uvéite induite par endotoxine (EIU) en immunohistochimie et biologie moléculaire. Dans ce modèle, les profils d expression des marqueurs inflammatoires étaient similaires entre la conjonctive et les corps ciliaires, avec une prédominance de Th1, suggérant que l inflammation à la surface reproduit les phénomènes intraoculaires par extension dans ce modèle. Enfin, les altérations de l endothélium cornéen ont été étudiées en corrélant la microscopie confocale in vivo et l immunohistochimie dans l EIU. L infiltration cellulaire endothéliale cornéenne dans l EIU a pu être décrite en microscopie confocale et sa composition cellulaire précisée par immunohistochimie. La surface oculaire peut représenter un nouvel abord plus accessible pour étudier les mécanismes physiopathologiques de l uvéite et évaluer son activité inflammatoire par des techniques modernes et peu invasives.PARIS6-Bibl.Pitié-Salpêtrie (751132101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Assessing the correlation between swept-source optical coherence tomography lens density pattern analysis and best-corrected visual acuity in patients with cataracts

Objective To assess linear correlation between swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) lens density variation and patients’ best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA).Methods and analysis Linear densitometry was performed on horizontal lens images from 518 eyes, obtained using SS-OCT. All densities from the anterior to the posterior side of the cataract were exported for detailed analysis. The algorithm used a classical random forest regression machine learning approach with fourfold cross-validation, meaning four batches of data from 75% of the eyes with known preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (poBCVA) were used for training a model to predict the data from the remaining 25% of the eyes. The main judgement criterion was the ability of the algorithm to identify linear correlation between measured and predicted BCVA.Results A significant linear correlation between poBCVA and the algorithm’s prediction was found, with Pearson correlation coefficient (R)=0.558 (95% CI: 0.496 to 0.615, p<0.001). Mean BCVA prediction error was 0.0965±0.059 logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR), with 312 eyes (58%) having a BCVA prediction correct to ±0.1 logMAR. The best algorithm performances were achieved for 0.20 logMAR, with 79%±0.1 logMAR correct prediction. Mean, anterior cortex, nucleus and posterior cortex pixel density were all not correlated with patient BCVA.Conclusion Pixel density variations based on axial lens images provided by SS-OCT biometer provide reasonably accurate information for machine learning analysis to estimate patient BCVA in all types of cataracts. This study demonstrates significant linear correlation between patients’ poBCVA and the algorithmic prediction, with acceptable mean prediction error