Outward Influence and Cascade Size Estimation in Billion-scale Networks

Estimating cascade size and nodes' influence is a fundamental task in social, technological, and biological networks. Yet this task is extremely challenging due to the sheer size and the structural heterogeneity of networks. We investigate a new influence measure, termed outward influence (OI), defined as the (expected) number of nodes that a subset of nodes $S$ will activate, excluding the nodes in S. Thus, OI equals, the de facto standard measure, influence spread of S minus |S|. OI is not only more informative for nodes with small influence, but also, critical in designing new effective sampling and statistical estimation methods. Based on OI, we propose SIEA/SOIEA, novel methods to estimate influence spread/outward influence at scale and with rigorous theoretical guarantees. The proposed methods are built on two novel components 1) IICP an important sampling method for outward influence, and 2) RSA, a robust mean estimation method that minimize the number of samples through analyzing variance and range of random variables. Compared to the state-of-the art for influence estimation, SIEA is $\Omega(\log^4 n)$ times faster in theory and up to several orders of magnitude faster in practice. For the first time, influence of nodes in the networks of billions of edges can be estimated with high accuracy within a few minutes. Our comprehensive experiments on real-world networks also give evidence against the popular practice of using a fixed number, e.g. 10K or 20K, of samples to compute the "ground truth" for influence spread.Comment: 16 pages, SIGMETRICS 201

Importance Sketching of Influence Dynamics in Billion-scale Networks

The blooming availability of traces for social, biological, and communication networks opens up unprecedented opportunities in analyzing diffusion processes in networks. However, the sheer sizes of the nowadays networks raise serious challenges in computational efficiency and scalability. In this paper, we propose a new hyper-graph sketching framework for inflence dynamics in networks. The central of our sketching framework, called SKIS, is an efficient importance sampling algorithm that returns only non-singular reverse cascades in the network. Comparing to previously developed sketches like RIS and SKIM, our sketch significantly enhances estimation quality while substantially reducing processing time and memory-footprint. Further, we present general strategies of using SKIS to enhance existing algorithms for influence estimation and influence maximization which are motivated by practical applications like viral marketing. Using SKIS, we design high-quality influence oracle for seed sets with average estimation error up to 10x times smaller than those using RIS and 6x times smaller than SKIM. In addition, our influence maximization using SKIS substantially improves the quality of solutions for greedy algorithms. It achieves up to 10x times speed-up and 4x memory reduction for the fastest RIS-based DSSA algorithm, while maintaining the same theoretical guarantees.Comment: 12 pages, to appear in ICDM 2017 as a regular pape

Pengaruh Modal, Tingkat Pendidikan dan Teknologi terhadap Pendapatan Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) di Kawasan Imam Bonjol Denpasar Barat

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of capital, the level of education and technology to the SMEs in the area of ??revenue Imam Bonjol West Denpasar. This study used quantitative research is to look at the amount of capital, the level of education of the owners of SMEs and SME technology used. This study used a sample of 59 companies located in the region of West Denpasar Imam Bonjol. The data analysis technique used in this study is multiple linear regression. It was found that capital partially positive and significant effect on the income of SMEs in the West Denpasar Imam Bonjol. The level of education and technology also have positive and significant impact on revenues partially Imam Bonjol SMEs in the West Denpasar. Simultaneously capital, level of education and technology also have positive and significant impact on the income of SMEs in the region of Imam Bonjol West Denpasar

Pengaruh Pelatihan Asertivitas Terhadap Komunikasi Interpersonal Siswa: Studi Eksperimental Pada Siswa Kelas VIII

Komunikasi Interpersonal adalah hal yang sangat penting bagi siswa. Komunikasi interpersonal yang baik pada siswa dapat meningkatkan keaktifan dan performa siswa dikelas, selain itu semakin baik kemampuan komunikasi interpersonal siswa maka semakin rendah keterlibatan siswa pada kenakalan remaja. Salah satu strategi yang dapat dilakukan untuk meingkatkan kemampuan komunikasi interpersonal adalah dengan memberikan pelatihan asertivitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh asertivitas terhadap kemampuan komunikasi interpersonal siswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Semarang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian eksperimen, dengan menggunakan desain Non - randomized pretest-posttest control group design. Penentuan kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol berdasarkan kelas yang tersedia, dengan jumlah subjek 30 pada kelompok kontrol dan 30 subjek pada kelompok eksperimen. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan Skala Komunikasi Interpersonal. Hasil pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan paired sample t-test menunjukkan adanya peningkatan skor komunikasi interpersonal setelah diberikan pelatihan asertivitas. Pada Kelompok eksperimen mengalami peningkatan rerata yang signifikan dari 78,16 ke 83,20 (p < 0,001). Dari hal tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelatihan asertivitas adalah salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi interpersonal pada siswa

Utilization of Audiovisual Media and Snowball Throwing Method to Improvement Biological Learning Process on the Eleventh Years of Natural Science 2 in Batik I Surakarta Senior High School the Year Educated of 2007/2008

Purpose of this research is to improvement biological learning process at human nervous and sense system materials by using audiovisual media and Snowball Throwing method on the eleventh years of natural science 2 in Batik I Surakarta senior high school the year educated of 2007/2008. Kind of this research is Classroom Action Research (PTK), which is conducted in 2 cycles. The action research includes: identifying, planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. Subject of this research is student of eleventh years of natural science 2 in Batik I Surakarta senior hight school the year educated of 2007/2008. Technique collecting data are observational technique by using observational document, questionnaire, interview, document analysis, and test. Technique analyzing data in this research use descriptive qualitative method. The result of the research show that utilization of audiovisual media and Snowball Throwing method can improvement biological learning process which is characterized with the increases of student\u27s result. The result of observatioru student\u27s learning process is increases of active students from first cycle to second cycle are 16,275%. The result of average student\u27s cognitive study increases 10,5 from first cycle to second cycle. The result of student\u27s affective study increases 5,58% from first cycle to second cycle. Based on the research can be concluded that: utilization of audiovisual media and Snowball Throwing rnethod can improvement biological learning process on the eleventh years of natural science 2 in Batik I Surakarta senior high school the year educated of 2007/2008

Efek Pin Hole Untuk Menekan Efek Multilensa Pada Komunikasi Free Space Optics

Teknologi FSOC pada jaringan teresterial memanfaatkan media atmosfer yang sangat terpengaruh kondisi cuaca sebagai media propagasi informasi sinyal optik. Pengaruh kondisi cuaca ini menyebabkan media atmosfer mengalami turbulens. Akibat turbulens atmosfer, teknologi FSOC dihadapkan oleh tantangan terbesar dimana salah satunya terjadi efek multi lensa akibat gradient temperature di atmosfer yang menyebabkan sinar meleset dari titik penerima.Gangguan yang terjadi pada FSOC bersifat random dan fluktuatif dalam domain spasial dan waktu sehingga dilakukan pendekatan secara statistik untuk menganalisa gelombang yang dipropagasikan pada sistem FSOC. Pengujian eksperimen penelitian melalui pendekatan dengan teknik SISO FSOC (Single-input single output) dengan menggunakan laser He-Ne pada panjang gelombang 632 nm. Sistem dirancang dengan menggunakan pin hole di receiver FSOC dimana pada eksperimen ini terjadi peningkatan nilai SNR sebesar 7.3443 dB saat sistem diuji menggunakan pin hole 10 μm