Characteristics of Early-Winter Caribou, Rangifer tarandus caribou, Feeding Sites in the Southern Purcell Mountains, British Columbia

Mountain Caribou are a rare ecotype of Woodland Caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) inhabiting the high-snowfall region of southeastern British Columbia, and are defined by their late-winter reliance on arboreal hair lichen of the genus Bryoria. During early winter, there is considerable variation in habitat use among populations. We snow-trailed Caribou in the southern Purcell Mountains during early winter to determine foraging patterns for the Purcell population. When snow was ≤51 cm deep, Caribou fed on Grouseberry (Vaccinium scoparium), the terrestrial lichen Cladonia, and arboreal lichens of the genus Bryoria. When snow was ≥62 cm deep, they ate exclusively arboreal lichens. In both periods, Caribou ate arboreal lichen from essentially every downed tree or branch encountered and fed with a higher intensity at downed trees than standing trees. During the low-snow period, Caribou fed at fewer trees but used those with greater lichen abundance, and fed more intensively at each, compared to the deep-snow period. In comparison to trees occurring on the foraging path but at which Caribou did not feed, those from which arboreal lichen was foraged intensively were of larger diameter, had greater lichen abundance, and were more likely to be Subalpine Fir (Abies lasiocarpa) or Engelmann Spruce (Picea engelmannii) and less likely to be Whitebark Pine (Pinus albicaulis), Lodgepole Pine (P. contorta) or Alpine Larch (Larix lyalli). The shift in diet between the low-snow and deep-snow periods reflected two modes of foraging within the early winter period, distinct from one another and apparently also distinct from the late-winter season. Management for early-winter habitat will require retention of some commercially significant forest across extensive areas, both near the subalpine forest – subalpine parkland ecotone and lower in the subalpine forest

Management education and training

The paper outlines the role of language in leaming and cognitive development and argues that management education and training needs to be integrated with language development to enable students to cope with the demands made of them at university as well as with those of careers in the business world. An integrated language developmEint project developed by the Depanment of Management and academic language practitioners at Rhodes Uhlvetsity is descriptionbed and suggestions are outlined as to how university Management departments can integrate language development in their mainstream teaching

How Old We Are & How Old We Feel

Many researchers assess differences in age as a distinct independent variable for a wide range of empirical analyses. However, subjective age (how old people feel) is a construct that has been relatively neglected in the literature. The purpose of the current study was to assess the relationship between chronological age and subjective age, as well as subjective age differences between genders. As part of a larger study, 95 participants completed the Subjective Age Questionnaire (Montepare, Rierdan, Koff, & Stubbs, 1989) including 5 items on a 7-point Likert scale. Reported subjective age was subtracted by chronological age (age discrepancy) for comparison between genders. A significant negative correlation emerged, such that as chronological age increased, subjective age scores subsequently decreased. A comparison of mean age discrepancy scores between genders revealed a difference that was marginally significant, with males reporting a subjective age slightly younger than their actual age, and females reporting subjective age slightly older than their actual age

Conjugated Imine Polymer Synthesized via Step-Growth Metathesis for Highly Stable Silicon Nanoparticle Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries

This work reports a new method to synthesize polyphenylmethanimine (polyPMI) as a linear or a hyperbranched, conjugated polymer using an aldehyde-imine metathesis reaction. This work details the reaction mechanisms of this polymerization by characterizing a red-shift in its absorption spectrum as polymer conjugation length increases and verifies that this optical shift results from extended π-condensation using density functional theory. This new synthetic approach provides a polymer that can potentially be depolymerized for facile recyclability and is compatible with air- and water-sensitive chemistries. As an example of the utility of this new approach, this work demonstrates that this polymer can be directly grown on silicon nanoparticles to create silicon anodes for lithium-ion batteries with a high degree of electrochemical interfacial passivation. These silicon anodes exhibit Coulombic efficiencies above 99.9% and can accommodate silicon nanoparticle expansion and contraction during lithiation and delithiation as demonstrated by stable reversible capacities for 500 cycles. Finally, this work demonstrates that polyPMI facilitates the formation of a lithium fluoride rich solid electrolyte interphase that remains chemically and mechanically stable after long term cycling

The Grizzly, February 13, 2003

Iraqi Speaker Describes his Country as a Prison of Suffering • Ursinus Student Heroes 30 Years Ago • To Fight or not to Fight: You May not Have the Option • Opinions: Skiing Fun Close to Home; Lonely this Valentine\u27s Day? • Female Pride, Guerrilla Warfare • First of Pew Fellows Speaks • Francis Moore Lappe to Visit Ursinus on February 19th • Ursinus Swimmers Look Towards Champions Meet • Men\u27s Basketball Dominate Centennial Conference • Track Handling Business Indoors • Women\u27s Basketball Can\u27t Find the Right Touchhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1529/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, March 6, 2003

Preparing for the Future Today: Job and Internship Fair 2003 • The Art of Kissing • Trading the Beach for Hard Work • Celebrating Women\u27s History Month with Ursinus Legends • Showcasing Women\u27s Pride in Berman • Bloody Poetry Director Speaks Out • Women\u27s History Month Events • Centennial Conference Champions! • UC Swimmers Make a Splash • Ykoruk Named Women\u27s Head Soccer Coachhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1531/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, February 6, 2003

Fallen Heroes: Space Shuttle Columbia Disaster • Best Buddies Goes Under da Sea • A New Semester Means New Members for Ursinus Greeks • The World Beyond Ursinus: Study Abroad Experience • Plans in Progress: Contemporary Design Class Visits NYC • The Hunt for J.D. Salinger: Ursinus\u27 Most Mysterious Alumnus • Spring Break from Winter Fashions • Beat of a Different Drummer • D.C. Demonstration: First Hand Account • Fallen Angels: East Asian Film Introduction • Pledging in the Past • Bridget Hussey Scores 1,000 • Strong Season for Men\u27s Basketball • Women\u27s Basketball Having Ups and Downs • Nolan Named Honorable Mentionhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1528/thumbnail.jp

A qualitative examination of apathy and physical activity in Huntington's and Parkinson's disease

Aim: In Huntington's disease (HD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), apathy is a frequently cited barrier to participation in physical activity. Current diagnostic criteria emphasize dissociable variants of apathy that differentially affect goal-directed behavior. How these dimensions present and affect physical activity in HD and PD is unknown. Methods: Using a qualitative approach, we examined the experience of apathy and its impact on physical activity in 20 people with early-manifest HD or idiopathic PD. Results: Two major themes emerged: the multidimensionality of apathy, including initiation or goal-identification difficulties, and the interplay of apathy and fatigue; and facilitators of physical activity, including routines, safe environments and education. Conclusion: Physical activity interventions tailored to apathy phenotypes may maximize participant engagement

Long-term psychological outcomes following stroke: the OX-CHRONIC study

Background: Stroke survivors rate longer-term (> 2 years) psychological recovery as their top priority, but data on how frequently psychological consequences occur is lacking. Prevalence of cognitive impairment, depression/anxiety, fatigue, apathy and related psychological outcomes, and whether rates are stable in long-term stroke, is unknown. Methods: N = 105 long-term stroke survivors (M [SD] age = 72.92 [13.01]; M [SD] acute NIH Stroke Severity Score = 7.39 [6.25]; 59.0% Male; M [SD] years post-stroke = 4.57 [2.12]) were recruited (potential N = 208). Participants completed 3 remote assessments, including a comprehensive set of standardized cognitive neuropsychological tests comprising domains of memory, attention, language, and executive function, and questionnaires on emotional distress, fatigue, apathy and other psychological outcomes. Ninety participants were re-assessed one year later. Stability of outcomes was assessed by Cohen’s d effect size estimates and percent Minimal Clinically Important Difference changes between time points. Results: On the Montreal Cognitive Assessment 65.3% scored  Conclusion: Nearly half of participants > 2 years post-event exhibited psychological difficulties including domains of cognition, mood, and fatigue, which impact long-term quality of life. Stroke is a chronic condition with highly prevalent psychological needs, which require monitoring and intervention development