Prognose de crescimento volumétrico individual de árvores de Eucalyptus, em povoamentos na Região Centro Sul.

A prognose do crescimento volumétrico individual foi realizada com dados de um ensaio de adubação de Eucalyptus dunnii e de competição de espécies incluindo E. bicostata, E. “cambiju” (híbrido natural), E. deanei e E. viminalis, implantados em Vila Velha, Ponta Grossa, Paraná. Utilizou-se para este estudo o método das regressões sucessivas modificado para a forma exponencial, incluindo como constante o volume aos três anos de idade. Os coeficientes de correlação obtidos, os erros padrão das estimativas e a distribuição de resíduos, para os modelos propostos no presente estudo, demonstraram a possibilidade do uso do método das regressões sucessivas, modificado para a forma exponencial, com a inclusão do volume na idade base de três anos, e a expectativa de sobrevivência ao longo da rotação, para a prognose de volumes individuais de árvores de espécies de Eucalyptus. A precisão da prognose é alta para espécies bem adaptadas, que apresentem sobrevivência elevada, até o final da rotação por exemplo E.deanei e E. dunnii. O E. “cambiju” apresentou acentuado decréscimo de sobrevivência ao longo da rotação. Neste caso, para maior precisão, foi necessário a inclusão no modelo do valor da recíproca da sobrevivência. Populações com baixo potencial de crescimento, apresentam volumes individuais e populacionais baixos, mesmo com alta sobrevivência. O E. viminalis e o E. cambiju, ambos com baixa sobrevivência ao final da rotação, apresentaram volumes individuais mais elevados que as outras espécies, em idades mais elevadas, exceto E. dunnii

Inseticidas Química e Biológica testado para o controle da broca -do-café (Hypothenemus hampei,Ferrari, 1867) em Rondônia.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência relativa de Fipronil e do produto formulado de Beauveria bassiana, para o controle da broca-do-café nas condições do Estado de Rondônia.bitstream/item/70844/1/0000003287-Cot235-controledabrocadocafe2.pd

Effect of ω-conotoxin MVIIA and Phα1β on paclitaxel-induced acute and chronic pain

AbstractThe treatment with the chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel produces a painful peripheral neuropathy, and is associated with an acute pain syndrome in a clinically significant number of patients. However, no standard therapy has been established to manage the acute pain or the chronic neuropathic pain related to paclitaxel. In the present study, we evaluated the analgesic potential of two N-type voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) blockers, ω-conotoxin MVIIA and Phα1β, on acute and chronic pain induced by paclitaxel. Adult male rats were treated with four intraperitoneal injections of paclitaxel (1+1+1+1mg/kg, in alternate days) and the development of mechanical hyperalgesia was evaluated 24h (acute painful stage) or 15days (chronic painful stage) after the first paclitaxel injection. Not all animals showed mechanical hyperalgesia 24h after the first paclitaxel injection, but those that showed developed a more intense mechanical hyperalgesia at the chronic painful stage. Intrathecal administration (i.t.) of ω-conotoxin MVIIA (3–300pmol/site) or Phα1β (10–300pmol/site) reduced the mechanical hyperalgesia either at the acute or at the chronic painful stage induced by paclitaxel. When administered at the acute painful stage, ω-conotoxin MVIIA (300pmol/site, i.t.) and Phα1β (300pmol/site, i.t.) prevented the worsening of chronic mechanical hyperalgesia. Furthermore, Phα1β (30-300pmol/site, i.t.) elicited less adverse effects than ω-conotoxin MVIIA (10-300 pmol/site, i.t.). Taken together, our data evidence the involvement of N-type VGCC in pain sensitization induced by paclitaxel and point out the potential of Phα1β as a safer alternative than ω-conotoxin MVIIA to treat the pain related to paclitaxel

Spinning Gland Transcriptomics from Two Main Clades of Spiders (Order: Araneae) - Insights on Their Molecular, Anatomical and Behavioral Evolution

Characterized by distinctive evolutionary adaptations, spiders provide a comprehensive system for evolutionary and developmental studies of anatomical organs, including silk and venom production. Here we performed cDNA sequencing using massively parallel sequencers (454 GS-FLX Titanium) to generate ∼80,000 reads from the spinning gland of Actinopus spp. (infraorder: Mygalomorphae) and Gasteracantha cancriformis (infraorder: Araneomorphae, Orbiculariae clade). Actinopus spp. retains primitive characteristics on web usage and presents a single undifferentiated spinning gland while the orbiculariae spiders have seven differentiated spinning glands and complex patterns of web usage. MIRA, Celera Assembler and CAP3 software were used to cluster NGS reads for each spider. CAP3 unigenes passed through a pipeline for automatic annotation, classification by biological function, and comparative transcriptomics. Genes related to spider silks were manually curated and analyzed. Although a single spidroin gene family was found in Actinopus spp., a vast repertoire of specialized spider silk proteins was encountered in orbiculariae. Astacin-like metalloproteases (meprin subfamily) were shown to be some of the most sampled unigenes and duplicated gene families in G. cancriformis since its evolutionary split from mygalomorphs. Our results confirm that the evolution of the molecular repertoire of silk proteins was accompanied by the (i) anatomical differentiation of spinning glands and (ii) behavioral complexification in the web usage. Finally, a phylogenetic tree was constructed to cluster most of the known spidroins in gene clades. This is the first large-scale, multi-organism transcriptome for spider spinning glands and a first step into a broad understanding of spider web systems biology and evolution