5 research outputs found
Analysis of dietary pattern impact on weight status for personalised nutrition through on-line advice: The food4Me Spanish cohort
Obesity prevalence is increasing. The management of this condition requires a detailed analysis of the global risk factors in order to develop personalised advice. This study is aimed to identify current dietary patterns and habits in Spanish population interested in personalised nutrition and investigate associations with weight status. Self-reported dietary and anthropometrical data from the Spanish participants in the Food4Me study, were used in a multidimensional exploratory analysis to define specific dietary profiles. Two opposing factors were obtained according to food groupsâ intake: Factor 1 characterised by a more frequent consumption of traditionally considered unhealthy foods; and Factor 2, where the consumption of âMediterranean dietâ foods was prevalent. Factor 1 showed a direct relationship with BMI (ÎČ = 0.226; r2 = 0.259; p < 0.001), while the association with Factor 2 was inverse (ÎČ = â0.037; r2 = 0.230; p = 0.348). A total of four categories were defined (Prudent, Healthy, Western, and Compensatory) through classification of the sample in higher or lower adherence to each factor and combining the possibilities. Western and Compensatory dietary patterns, which were characterized by high-density foods consumption, showed positive associations with overweight prevalence. Further analysis showed that prevention of overweight must focus on limiting the intake of known deleterious foods rather than exclusively enhance healthy products
Objectively measured physical activity in european adults: cross-sectional findings from the Food4Me study
Introduction
Physical inactivity has been estimated to be responsible for more than 5.3 million deaths worldwide
[1]. Moreover, among European men and women, approximately 7.3% of all deaths in
2008 might be attributable to inactivity compared with 3.7% to obesity [2] and there is strong
evidence to suggest that even small increases in physical activity (PA) would lower the risk for
many non-communicable diseases [1â3]. Yet, levels of PA across populations remain low [4].
To tackle this public health issue, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the
American College of Sports Medicine produced standardized PA guidelines 20 years ago [5].
Since then, the World Health Organization (WHO), the European Union, and most countries
around the world, have included PA guidelines in their health policies. Guidelines for Americans
and Europeans have been updated to include recommendations for adolescents and for
older adults [6â9]. For adults aged 18â64 years old, the WHO recommends a minimum of 150
min of moderate intensity PA per week, 75 min of vigorous intensity PA or an equivalent
amount of moderate and vigorous PA (MVPA) [9].
In 2008, 34.8% of adults 15 years or older were insufficiently active in Europe [4]. Regular
surveillance is needed to update these prevalence estimates and to evaluate the effectiveness of
PA policies and promotion programs in European countries. In this context, the objective
assessment of PA is a key issue. Prevalence of physical inactivity has been mainly derived from
self-reported measures such as the Baecke questionnaire [10] or the International Physical
Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) [11]. These questionnaires have been, and still are, widely used
due to their simple administration and low cost [12]. However, PA is frequently misreported,
which leads to considerable measurement error [13â15]. Accelerometers offer a potential solution
because they measure PA objectively. Given that they are small and easy to wear, store
data up to several weeks and are acceptable in terms of reliability, these devices are now used
increasingly in large studies to assess PA in children, adolescents and adults [16]. Although
some European countries have reported adherence to PA guidelines using accelerometers in
large cohorts [17â19], comparisons between European countries measured according to the
same standardized protocols and concurrently are lacking.
Between 2012 and 2014, PA was assessed objectively by accelerometry in the participants of
the Food4Me Proof-of-Principle (PoP) study. The Food4Me Study was a web-based randomized
controlled trial on personalized nutrition, across seven European countries: Germany,
Greece, Ireland, The Netherlands, Poland, Spain and the United Kingdom. The aim of the current
paper is to describe and compare PA in adults from these countries, and evaluate adherence
to PA guidelines, using baseline data from the Food4Me PoP study
Analysis of dietary pattern impact on weight status for personalised nutrition through on-line advice: The food4Me Spanish cohort
Obesity prevalence is increasing. The management of this condition requires a detailed analysis of the global risk factors in order to develop personalised advice. This study is aimed to identify current dietary patterns and habits in Spanish population interested in personalised nutrition and investigate associations with weight status. Self-reported dietary and anthropometrical data from the Spanish participants in the Food4Me study, were used in a multidimensional exploratory analysis to define specific dietary profiles. Two opposing factors were obtained according to food groupsâ intake: Factor 1 characterised by a more frequent consumption of traditionally considered unhealthy foods; and Factor 2, where the consumption of âMediterranean dietâ foods was prevalent. Factor 1 showed a direct relationship with BMI (ÎČ = 0.226; r2 = 0.259; p < 0.001), while the association with Factor 2 was inverse (ÎČ = â0.037; r2 = 0.230; p = 0.348). A total of four categories were defined (Prudent, Healthy, Western, and Compensatory) through classification of the sample in higher or lower adherence to each factor and combining the possibilities. Western and Compensatory dietary patterns, which were characterized by high-density foods consumption, showed positive associations with overweight prevalence. Further analysis showed that prevention of overweight must focus on limiting the intake of known deleterious foods rather than exclusively enhance healthy products
Objectively measured physical activity in european adults: cross-sectional findings from the Food4Me study
Introduction
Physical inactivity has been estimated to be responsible for more than 5.3 million deaths worldwide
[1]. Moreover, among European men and women, approximately 7.3% of all deaths in
2008 might be attributable to inactivity compared with 3.7% to obesity [2] and there is strong
evidence to suggest that even small increases in physical activity (PA) would lower the risk for
many non-communicable diseases [1â3]. Yet, levels of PA across populations remain low [4].
To tackle this public health issue, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the
American College of Sports Medicine produced standardized PA guidelines 20 years ago [5].
Since then, the World Health Organization (WHO), the European Union, and most countries
around the world, have included PA guidelines in their health policies. Guidelines for Americans
and Europeans have been updated to include recommendations for adolescents and for
older adults [6â9]. For adults aged 18â64 years old, the WHO recommends a minimum of 150
min of moderate intensity PA per week, 75 min of vigorous intensity PA or an equivalent
amount of moderate and vigorous PA (MVPA) [9].
In 2008, 34.8% of adults 15 years or older were insufficiently active in Europe [4]. Regular
surveillance is needed to update these prevalence estimates and to evaluate the effectiveness of
PA policies and promotion programs in European countries. In this context, the objective
assessment of PA is a key issue. Prevalence of physical inactivity has been mainly derived from
self-reported measures such as the Baecke questionnaire [10] or the International Physical
Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) [11]. These questionnaires have been, and still are, widely used
due to their simple administration and low cost [12]. However, PA is frequently misreported,
which leads to considerable measurement error [13â15]. Accelerometers offer a potential solution
because they measure PA objectively. Given that they are small and easy to wear, store
data up to several weeks and are acceptable in terms of reliability, these devices are now used
increasingly in large studies to assess PA in children, adolescents and adults [16]. Although
some European countries have reported adherence to PA guidelines using accelerometers in
large cohorts [17â19], comparisons between European countries measured according to the
same standardized protocols and concurrently are lacking.
Between 2012 and 2014, PA was assessed objectively by accelerometry in the participants of
the Food4Me Proof-of-Principle (PoP) study. The Food4Me Study was a web-based randomized
controlled trial on personalized nutrition, across seven European countries: Germany,
Greece, Ireland, The Netherlands, Poland, Spain and the United Kingdom. The aim of the current
paper is to describe and compare PA in adults from these countries, and evaluate adherence
to PA guidelines, using baseline data from the Food4Me PoP study
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Gene methylation parallelisms between peripheral blood cells and oral mucosa samples in relation to overweight
Epigenetics has an important role in the regulation of metabolic adaptation to environmental modifications. In this sense, the determination of epigenetic changes in non-invasive samples during the development of metabolic diseases could play an important role in the procedures in primary healthcare practice. To help translate the knowledge of epigenetics to public health practice, the present study aims to explore the parallelism of methylation levels between white blood cells and buccal samples in relation to obesity and associated disorders. Blood and buccal swap samples were collected from a subsample of the Spanish cohort of the Food4Me study. Infinium HumanMethylation450 DNA Analysis was carried out for the determination of methylation levels. Standard deviation for ÎČ values method and concordance correlation analysis were used to select those CpG which showed best parallelism between samples. A total of 277 CpGs met the criteria and were selected for an enrichment analysis and a correlation analysis with anthropometrical and clinical parameters. From those selected CpGs, four presented high associations with BMI (cg01055691 in GAP43; r = -0.92 and rho = -0.84 for blood; r = -0.89 and rho = -0.83 for buccal sample), HOMA-IR (cg00095677 in ATP2A3; r = 0.82 and rho = -0.84 for blood; r = -0.8 and rho = -0.83 for buccal sample) and leptin (cg14464133 in ADARB2; r = -0.9182 and rho = -0.94 for blood; r = -0.893 and rho = -0.79 for buccal sample). These findings demonstrate the potential application of non-invasive buccal samples in the identification of surrogate epigenetic biomarkers and identify methylation sites in GAP43, ATP2A3 and ADARB2 genes as potential targets in relation to overweight management and insulin sensibility