371 research outputs found
Voter Information in the Digital Age: Grading State Election Websites
Voter Information in the Digital Age: Grading State Election Websites examines the extent to which state election websites provide voters with sufficient information to make informed choices. The report assesses the quantity and quality of candidate and ballot measure information offered by the 50 state and District of Columbia election websites and ranks them from one to 51. It recommends a number of best practices currently used by some state or local jurisdictions, as well as innovations on other websites that are used rarely or not at all on state election websites. The authors recommend that states follow new technologies and trends in information delivery and design, and offer voters a full range of candidate and ballot information in innovative formats and media
Modification of mammalian fatty acid synthetase activity by NADP
AbstractExperiments are described which show that the mammalian fatty acid synthetase, in the presence of NADP, synthesizes stoichiometric amounts of enzyme-bound acetoacetyl moieties. The acetoacetyl moieties can neither undergo the normal transfer reaction to a CoA acceptor, nor participate in the normal reaction sequence once NADPH is made available. Our results indicate that, since it is the product of the condensation reaction which accumulates on the inhibited enzyme, the previously held view that NADP inhibits the condensation step in fatty acid synthesis is probably incorrect
Resistively Detected NMR in Quantum Hall States: Investigation of the anomalous lineshape near
A study of the resistively detected nuclear magnetic resonance (RDNMR)
lineshape in the vicinity of was performed on a high-mobility 2D
electron gas formed in GaAs/AlGaAs. In higher Landau levels, application of an
RF field at the nuclear magnetic resonance frequency coincides with an observed
minimum in the longitudinal resistance, as predicted by the simple hyperfine
interaction picture. Near however, an anomalous dispersive lineshape is
observed where a resistance peak follows the usual minimum. In an effort to
understand the origin of this anomalous peak we have studied the resonance
under various RF and sample conditions. Interestingly, we show that the
lineshape can be completely inverted by simply applying a DC current. We
interpret this as evidence that the minima and maxima in the lineshape
originate from two distinct mechanisms.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, EP2DS 17, to be published in Physica
Dynamic nuclear polarization and Knight shift measurements in a breakdown regime of integer quantum Hall effect
Nuclear spins are polarized electrically in a breakdown regime of an
odd-integer quantum Hall effect (QHE). Electron excitation to the upper Landau
subband with the opposite spin polarity flips nuclear spins through the
hyperfine interaction. The polarized nuclear spins reduce the spin-splitting
energy and accelerate the QHE breakdown. The Knight shift of the nuclear spins
is also measured by tuning electron density during the irradiation of
radio-frequency magnetic fields.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figures, EP2DS-1
The Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey V: Extended Radio Sources in Massive Galaxy Clusters at z~1
We present the results from a pilot study with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large
Array (JVLA) to determine the radio morphologies of extended radio sources and
the properties of their host-galaxies in 10 massive galaxy clusters at z~1, an
epoch in which clusters are assembling rapidly. These clusters are drawn from a
parent sample of WISE-selected galaxy clusters that were cross-correlated with
the VLA Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimeters survey (FIRST) to
identify extended radio sources within 1 of the cluster centers. Out
of the ten targeted sources, six are FR II sources, one is an FR I source, and
three sources have undetermined morphologies. Eight radio sources have
associated Spitzer data, 75% presenting infrared counterparts. A majority of
these counterparts are consistent with being massive galaxies. The angular
extent of the FR sources exhibits a strong correlation with the cluster-centric
radius, which warrants further investigation with a larger sample.Comment: accepted to Ap
Empathic responding and hippocampal volume in young children
©American Psychological Association, 2019. This
paper is not the copy of record and may not exactly
replicate the authoritative document published in the
APA journal. The final article is available, upon
publication, at: https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000684Empathic responding—the capacity to understand, resonate with, and respond sensitively to others’ emotional experiences—is a complex human faculty that calls upon multiple social, emotional, and cognitive capacities and their underlying neural systems. Emerging evidence in adults has suggested that the hippocampus and its associated network may play an important role in empathic responding, possibly via processes such as memory of emotional events, but the contribution of this structure in early childhood is unknown. We examined concurrent associations between empathic responding and hippocampal volume in a sample of 78 children (ages 4–8 years). Larger bilateral hippocampal volume (adjusted for intracranial volume) predicted greater observed empathic responses toward an experimenter in distress, but only for boys. The association was not driven by a specific subregion of the hippocampus (head, body, tail), nor did it vary with age. Empathic responding was not significantly related to amygdala volume, suggesting specificity of relations with the hippocampus. Results support the proposal that hippocampal structure contributes to individual differences in children’s empathic responding, consistent with research in adults. Findings shed light on an understudied structure in the complex neural systems supporting empathic responding and raise new questions regarding sex differences in the neurodevelopment of empathy in early childhood. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved)https://doi.org/10.1037/dev000068
A Quantitative Trait Locus on Chromosome 5p Influences D-Dimer Levels in the San Antonio Family Heart Study
Background. D-dimer is associated with increasing severity of atherosclerosis and with increased risk of a cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Methods and Results. To better understand this risk factor, we performed a genome scan on 803 (301 males and 502 females) Mexican Americans in the San Antonio Family Heart Study (SAFHS). The SAFHS is ideal for the discovery of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) influencing CVD because CVD risk factors are prevalent in Mexican Americans of San Antonio and because the study design involves large families, which is optimal for QTL discovery.
D-dimer levels were normalized in our study. We found that D-dimer levels were heritable, at about 23% heritability (P ≈ .00001). In a linkage analysis employing 432 microsatellite markers, we found strong evidence of a QTL on chromosome 5p with a lod score of 3.32 at 21 centiMorgans (cM). We also found suggestive evidence of a QTL on chromosome 2q with a lod score of 2.33 at 207 cM.
Conclusions. To our knowledge, the putative QTL on chromosome 5p is novel. The possible QTL on chromosome 2q is discussed in relation to a recent report of linkage of a related hemostatic factor to the same location. These results warrant further investigation
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Imaging Inflammation in a Patient with Epilepsy Due to Focal Cortical Dysplasia
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Evidence from animal models and examination of human epilepsy surgery specimens indicates that inflammation plays an important role in epilepsy. Positron emission tomography (PET) using [C11]PK11195, a marker of activated microglia, provides a means to visualize neuroinflammation in vivo in humans. We hypothesize that in patients with active epilepsy, [C11]PK11195 PET (PK-PET) may be able to identify areas of focally increased inflammation corresponding to the seizure onset zone. METHODS A young woman with intractable epilepsy underwent PK-PET as part of an approved research study. PK-PET results were compared with results from other clinical studies. RESULTS PK-PET revealed an area of focally increased radiotracer uptake in the right frontal lobe corresponding to this patient’s seizure focus as identified by ictal and interictal 18Ffluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET and EEG. Routine brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was initially considered normal, though high-resolution studies showed possible subtle dysplasia of the right frontal lobe. The patient underwent a right frontal lobe resection, and pathological evaluation showed focal cortical dysplasia with activated microglia. CONCLUSIONS PK-PET can identify neuroinflammation associated with subtle focal cortical dysplasia, and may therefore have a clinical role in guiding epilepsy surgery for patients with difficult-to-localize seizure foci
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