Between-week pairwise Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficients (R²).

<p>Matrix values above the diagonal show rank correlations in gall density, while values below the diagonal show rank correlations in predation rates. All correlations had 10 degrees of freedom, and all except one (predation rates between week 1 & 2 p = 0.052) are significant at p<0.05. All correlations for gall densities are significant at p<0.01.</p

Patterns of spatial density dependence among trees at each site.

<p>Significance levels are indicated by superscripts as follows: ns non significant; * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001. p = 0.05 is equivalent to p = 0.017 after Dunn-Šidàk adjustment (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0053959#pone-0053959-t002" target="_blank">Table 2</a>). Note that the scale of the y-axis is different in for Dunrobin (h).</p

Spatial density dependence in bird predation of <i>Andricus</i> bud galls at Puttenham Common.

<p>Analysis summaries are presented at three spatial scales: 1. Among shoots (within branches within trees); 2. Among branches (within trees); 3. Among trees within sites. Analyses for 2 & 3 were carried out over the averages of gall densities and predation rates at the lower levels of nesting. Analyses were all generalised linear models with quasibinomial errors and a logit link. Significance levels are shown unadjusted. Significance at P<0.05 after Dunn-Šidàk adjustment of significance levels for 3 tests are indicated by an asterisk (*).The right hand column shows the proportion of slopes at the hierarchical level analysed showing positive density dependence.</p

Geographic locations of the eight sampling sites in Britain.

<p>Geographic locations of the eight sampling sites in Britain.</p

Patterns of spatial density dependence through time.

<p>The figure shows patterns in density dependence among trees over five weeks starting with the last week of March 2006 at Puttenham Common (site 2, Fig. 1). Significance levels are indicated by superscripts as follows: ns non significant; * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001. p = 0.05 is equivalent to p = 0.017 after Dunn-Šidàk adjustment (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0053959#pone-0053959-t003" target="_blank">Table 3</a>).</p