The importance of CBCT imaging to determine the characteristics of a bone sequestrum in a case of chronic osteomyelitis

Chronic osteomyelitis may show a suppurative course with abscess or fistula formation and sequestration at some stages, and persist for a variable period up to many years with intermittent exacerbation. The importance of imaging in osteomyelitis is threefold: to localize the condition, to find out its extent, and to assess the response after treatment. Conventional multislice computed tomography is a useful method of preoperative assessment, but it is not considered as the initial choice for imaging in osteomyelitis because of its reported lack of sensitivity in bone marrow disease. The Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) is used in dentistry to image high-contrast objects such as teeth and bone and it is particularly important for several applications including treatment planning for dental implants and evaluating dental and osseous diseases in the jaws and temporomandibular joints. However, CBCT provides a lower dose, lower cost alternative to conventional CT that promises to improve the practice of oral and maxillofacial radiology. In this case report the management of a patient with persistent suppurative osteomyelitis and its treatment assisted by Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) are presented

Mandibular üçüncü molarların angulus kırığı oluşumu üzerine etkisi

<p>The purpose of this study was to estimate the relative risk of mandibular angle fractures among people with a lower third molar compared with those without a lower third molar. For this purpose, database research was performed on a whole PUBMED/MEDLINE by using key words “mandibular third molars” and “angle fractures”. The data obtained from 9 articles that had a similar statistical analysis; and that included mandibular angle fractures and other mandibular fractures as a control group were evaluated statistically. In these 9 retrospective cohort studies, the sum of cases was 6466 and the sum of mandibular angle fractures was 1769. The analysis of articles shows a relative risk for a mandibula to fracture, comparing patients with and without third molars, ranging from 1,2 to 3.6. The estimated relative risk across the 9 studies was 2.14 (95% CI 1.92–2.39). The results obtained in this study suggest that the presence of lower third molar may double risk of an angle fracture of the mandible.</p> <p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Mandibular angle fractures, mandibular third molars, relative risk.</p><p> </p><p><strong>ÖZET</strong></p> <p>Bu makalenin amacı, mandibular 3. molar dişe sahip olan ve olmayan bireylerde mandibula angulus kırığı oluşma riskinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla, “mandibular third molars” ve “angle fractures” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak PUBMED/MEDLINE veri tabanında literatür taraması gerçekleştirildi. Birbirine benzer istatiksel analiz yapmış ve mandibula angulus kırıkları ile beraber kontrol grubu olarak kabul edilebilecek şekilde diğer mandibula kırıklarını çalışmalarına dâhil etmiş 9 adet makaleden elde edilen veriler istatiksel olarak değerlendirildi. Bu makalelerdeki retrospektif kohort çalışmadaki vaka sayısı 6466 ve mandibula angulus kırığı sayısı 1769’idi. Çalışmalardaki rölatif risk değerleri, 1,2 ile 3,6 arasında hesaplandı. Ayrıca rölatif risk ortalamasının 2,14 olduğu belirlendi  (%95 güven aralığı 1,92–2,39). Sonuç olarak mandibular 3. molar dişe sahip olan bireylerin olmayanlara göre ortalama 2 kat daha fazla mandibula angulus kırığı oluşma riskine sahip oldukları bulundu.</p&gt

Phytochemical, phenolic profile, antioxidant, anticholinergic and antibacterial properties of Epilobium angustifolium (Onagraceae)

Epilobium angustifolium is widely used in medicine for disease treatments, as well as in the cosmetic and food industries. The aim of this research was to investigate the antioxidant, and anticholinergic properties, phenolics profile and antibacterial activities of the E. angustifolium ethanol extract. The analysis of phenolic compounds was performed with LC-MS/MS. The antioxidant capacity (radical scavenging, metal-reducing power and total antioxidant activity) was assessed by DPPH, ABTS, Cu2+-Cu+ reducing (CUPRAC), Fe3+-Fe2+ reducing and ferric thiocyanate methods. The antibacterial activity was determined by disc diffusion and MIC (Minimum inhibitory concentration) methods and the anticholinergic property was predicted by inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The major phenolic compounds, founding in the plant extract were luteolin, fumaric acid, vanillic acid, and caffeic acid. The ethanol extract of the plant showed DPPH free radical scavenging value of 11.3%, while the ABTS radical scavenging activity was 19.4% and showed moderately metal-reducing power. Also, the extract had 39.3% inhibition on lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion and showed an inhibition effect on the AChE with IC50 values (0.14 mg mL(-1)). The ethanol extract of the plant showed antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella Typhimurium at different levels. These results suggested that E. angustifolium extract might be a suitable natural antioxidant in the preservation of foods by preventing the oxidation of pol